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L 





— *1 



r 



THE KBW fSfty- 
^UBLIC LIBRARY 



^^■^z^z. 



CO 






A HISTORY 



OF THE 



Parish ofLeyton, 



,\f ESSEX. 



WITH MAPS AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS. 



BY 



JOHN KENNEDY 

\ 
(Vicar of St. Catherine's, Letton). 



p^ 



r" 



leston: 
PHELP BROTHERS, HIGH ROAD. 

1894. 

out Rights Raavd.) 



TV. •■•:»i vo.'iK 
PI ! ...; LIBKAHY 

321819B 

.\>'HU: LIAOX ANI» 
TIlJa.N KOI N HAT IONS 



FHBLP BR0THBR8, 

PRXNTBRS AMD PUBU8BBR8, 

HIGH ROAD, LBYTON; 

AND AT WALTHAMSTOW. 



This Book 

IS Dedicated to 

The Parishioners of Leyton 

IN 

GRATEFUL MEMORY 

OF 

NINE YEARS OF HAPPY LABOUR 

IN THEIR MIDST. 



PREFACE 



T NEVER thought to write a book, much less one of 
•^ an antiquarian nature; the fact is, it was pressed 
upon me. Often having to wait in the vestry of the 
Parish Church, the odd minutes were occupied in look- 
ing over the Registers. Occasionally mentioning facts 
of interest which I had discovered, it was at last 
suggested that I should give a lecture on "The Parish"; 
this I did, and the result was such an awakening of 
interest in the subject, that a request came to me to 
publish it. Consenting to do so, and searching for 
materials to expand it a little, the thing grew, when 
our esteemed Churchwarden, Mr. Biggs, urged me to 
make it larger still ; and so what was intended to be 
only a pamphlet, became a book. I am fully conscious 
of lacking the necessary qualifications for such an 
undertaking ; but I have done my best, and can 
only add in deprecation of criticism, that the work has 
been carried out chiefly in short portions of time, 
snatched, at long intervals, from pressing duties in a 
large parish. 

Leyton is a parish with a history that is worth 
writing well ; and if my labour should be the means of 
stirring up someone with the necessary time, quahfica- 
tions, and means to do this, I should be fully repaid by 
the thought that I had, at least, provided him "a 
heifer to plough with." For this reason I have added 
a list of the authorities consulted (and I desire, here, once 



VI PRBPACB. 

for all, to acknowledge my obligation, and offer my 
thanks) ; doubtless, there are many more, but I have 
not been able to pursue enquiry further. 

I am greatly indebted for valuable help rendered by 
many kind friends; notably, to Benjamin Biggs, Esq., 
our Churchwarden, for suggestion, encouragement, and 
practical help; also to his daughter, Miss Maud Biggs, 
for the excellent sketches which enrich this book. 

I have also to thank Miss Reid-Seton for the 
loan of a drawing of Leyton Church, as it appeared 
in 1690, for the sketch of a " Leyton School Girl " ; 
and also for much help in the accounts which are given 
of old Leyton houses. To Walter Crouch, Esq., of 
Wanstead, my thanks are due, and offered, for the 
loan with permission to copy, the Map of Ruckholt 
Manor in 1721, and the engraving of Leyton Grange. 

I gratefully acknowledge my obligations to Messrs. 
Phelp Bros., the Printers and Publishers, for their 
courtesy and help, and especially to Mr. A. D. Phelp, 
who threw himself so heartily into the work, and 
spared no pains to render aid, far beyond that which 
our business relations justified me in expecting. 

The writing of this book was finished in 1892, 
since which date so many alterations have been made 
in the parish, that it seems necessary to acquaint my 
readers of this fact. 

J. K. 

Leytonstone, 

September f 1894. 



AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. 



A. — Parish Records. 

Registers of Marriages, Baptisms, Burials. 
Marriages from 1575 to 1754 



Baptisms 
Burials 



from 1575 to 1783 
from 1617 to 1726* 



. in one book. 



Register of Burials from 1726 to 1783. 

Minutes of Vestry from 1658 to 1722. 

A thin quarto book of 10 leaves, apparently extracts, 
from the Vestry Minute books. They are of matters 
chiefly relating to the Church, and seem to have been copied 
by Mr. John Strype, the Vicar. 

Churchwardens' and Overseers' Books 
Churchwardens' Books 1 



Vestry Books 



Overseers' Books 



Minute Book of Select Vestry 

Half- Yearly reports of Select Vestry | 
(4 years, ist half-year missing). J 
Minutes of the Committee of the Leyton Volunteers 

Minute Book of the National Schools. \ 

" For the use of the Free School 
of Low Leyton given by John Strype 
Vicar of y« said Parish June y* 23 
1710." 

Log Book, Boys' School 

Watchman's Night Book 



Enumerators' Schedule of the Census of 



I65I 


to 


1704. 


I68I 

ti78i 


to 
to 


1723. 
I8II. 


1686 to 
1811 to 
1822 to 


I78I. 

1874. 
1839. 


1704 
^755 


to 
to 


1733- 
1825. 


1819 


to 


1823 


1820 to 


1823. 


1803 


to 


1813. 


1710 


to 


1846. 


1863 


to 


1890. 


1831 


to 


1833. 


... 




1821 

1831. 

1841. 



* The book containing Register of Borials firom 1575 to 16x7 is missing. 

t " This booli Mr Wm Cohnan, of ye Cnstome house, bestowed upon y« Parish." 



vm AUTHORtTIES CONSULtBD. 

Enlargement of Ley ton Church, Committee Book ... 1822. 

Decision of Sir Fitz Roy Kelly, Sol. 

Genl., and Dr. Bayford, in a "case ** « 

submitted to them — " Right of ^' 

Lay-Rector over the Chancel." 

In addition to these (but only cursorily), I have examined 
Plans, Specifications, Letters, Inventories, Faculties, Leases, 
Deeds, Old Newspapers, Ledgers, Cash Books, Workhouse 
Accounts, &c., &c., and I am persuaded that to one with time 
to examine them carefully, they would yield much valuable 
information concerning the past history of our parish. 

B. — Books. 

Address of Gentry of Essex who have adhered to the King. Folio. 

Lond. 1660. 
Alfred, King, Life of. By Dr. R. Pauli. Bohu's Trans. 8vo. 

Lond. 1853. 
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Bohn's Trans. 8vo. Lond. 1847. 

Berry, William. County Genealogies and Pedigrees of Essex Families. 
Folio. Lond. 1840. 

Birdwood, Sir George. The Register of Letters, etc., of the 
Governour and Company of Merchants of London travelling into 
the East Indies, 1600- 1619. Lond. 1893. 

Bloomer's Counties of England and Wales. Mapp of Essex with its 
Hundreds. 1673. 

Burke, Sir I. B. Dormant, Abeyant and Extinct Peerages. 8vo. 

Lond. 1866. 

Charnock, R. S. Ancient Manorial Customs of the County of Essex. 
8vo. Lond. 1870. 

Camden, William. Britannia. 3 vols. Folio. Lond. 1789. 

Cates, W. L. R. General Biography. 8vo. Lond. 1881. 

Chambers' Biographical Dictionary. Lond. 

Chancellor, F., F.R.I B.A. The Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of 

Essex. 
Cromwell, T. K. Excursions in the County of Essex. 8vo. 

Lond. 1818. 
Declaration of Kent and Essex to the Army. 4to. Lond. 1648. 

Division of County of Essex into Classes, etc. 4to. Lond. 1648. 

Dugdale, Jas. The New British Traveller. 4 vols. 4to. Lond. 18 19. 

Dugdale, Sir William. Monasticon. Translated by Caley and Ellis. 

6 vols. Folio. Lond. 1825. 

Davids, G. T, W. Annals of Evangelical Nonconformity in the 

County of Essex. 8vo. Lond. 1863. 

Essex Comitaius descripiio, Lond. 1602. 



^ 



AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. IX 

Essex, New History of. By a Gentleman, (Gough). 6 vols. 8vo. 

1770, 
Ellis, Sir H. Introduction to Domesday Book. 2 vols. 8vo. 

Lond. 1833. 
Fisher, William Richard. The Forest of Essex. 4to. Lond. 1887. 

Friday Fairgoer, A. Fairlop Fair and its Founder. 8vo. 

Totham, 1847. 

Fry, Katharine. History of the Parishes of East and West Ham. 
Edited and Revised by G. Pagenstecher. 4to. Lond. 1888. 

Hewitt, N. History, Origin, and Rise of Fairlop Fair. 8vo. 

Lond. 1 81 2. 

Hughson, David. Accurate History and Description of London. 
6 vols. 8vo. Lond. 1805. 

James, Col. Sir H. Domesday Book or the Great Survey of Eng- 
land. Fac-simile part relating to Essex. 4to. Southampton, 1862. 

Kem, Samuel. (Vicar of Leyton). The New Fort of true Honour 
made impregnable ; or the Martialist's dignity and duties. 4to. 

Lond. 1640. 

Leighton-Stone-Air. A Poem on the Excellency of its Soil, Healthy 
Air, and Beauteous Situation. Folio. 1702. 

Leyton Parochial Charities. Annual Reports. 8vo. 1872 to 1888. 

London Magazine. November. 8vo. Lond. 1736. 

London's Roll of Fame. 1757 to 1884. 4to. Lond. 1884. 

Lysons, Daniel. The Environs of London. 4 vols. 4to. Lond. 1792. 

Morant. History and Antiquities of Essex. 4to. Lond. 176!$. 

Marsh, T. C. (Published by). Domesday Book relating to Essex. 

4to. Chelmsford, 1864. 

Marsh, T. C. (Translated by). Domesday Book relating to Essex. 

4to. 1 864. 

Muilman, P. New and Complete History of Essex. 6 vols. 8vo. 

Chelmsford, 1770 2. 
Nicholas, H. P. Privy Purse Expenses of Henry VHL 

Newcourt, R. Repertorium EccUsiasticum Parochiale Londinense, 2 vols. 

Folio. Lond. 1708. 

Norden, John. Speculi Britannia Pars 1594. Edited by Sir Henry 

Ellis. 4to. Lond. 1840. 

Ogborne, Eliz. The History of Essex. 4to. Lond. 1814. 

Orridge, B. B. The Citizens of London and their Rulers. 8vo. 

Lond. 1867. 
Petitions of Inhabitants of Essex to House of Commons. Folio. 

Lond. 1641. 
Pepys* Diary. Edited by Lord Braybrooke. Lond. 1879. 

Remembrancla — City of London 1579-1664. 8vo. Lond. 1878. 



AUTHORITIES CONSULTBD. 



Salmon, Nath. The History and Antiquities of Essex. Folio. 

Lond. 1740. 

Scott, E. B. Our Neighbourhood and its Historical Associations. 

8vo. Lond. 1886. 

Stephens. National Biography. Lond. 

Stoughton, J. Religion in England. 6 vols. 8vo. Lond. i88i. 

Stow, John. A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 
with an Appendix of a Circuit Walk four or five miles roimd 
about London to the Parish Churches 1598. Enlarged by John 
Strype, 1720. 2 vols. Folio. Lond. 1755. 

Strype, John. David and Saul, a Sermon. 4to. Lond. 1696. 

Suckling, Alfred. Memorials of the Antiquities, Archi: Family His- 
tory, etc., of the County of Essex. 4to. Lond. 1845. 
Tradesmen's Tokens of Essex. 4to. 1867. 

Vancouver, C. General View of Agriculture in Essex. 4to. 

Lond. 1795. 
Variorum Tabula Geographica. Map 134. Brit. Mus. S. f|. 

Testimony of Ministers of Essex. 4to. Lond. 1648. 

White, W. History of Essex. i6mo. 1848. 

Witchcraft. In Counties of Kent and Essex. 8vo. 1838. 

Wood, Anthony. Athena Oxomensis. Edited by Bliss. 4 vols. 4to. 

Lond. 18 1 7. 
Woodbum, S. View of Leyton Church, Essex. Lond. 1807. 

Wright, Thos. The History and Topography of the County of 

Essex. 4to. Lond. 1831. 

Young, Arthur. Agriculture in Essex. 8vo. Lond. 1807. 



CONTENTS. 



Part L— PAROCHIAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL. 



Chapter I.— THE PARISH. pagb 

Name — Low Leyton— Extent — A Roman Station — Roman Remains— Landholders 
in Saxon times— Holders of Estates as described in Domesday Book— Three Manors 
— Stratford Abbey founded— Charter confirmed— " Tithe " dispute— Property 
bought in Leyton— Wood imparked— Carpetune Wood disa£forested — Expedition 
to Holy Land — Mortmain evaded— Another •* Tithe " dispute — Surrender of 
Stratford Abbey— Manor and Rectory granted to Lord Wriothesley — Great Tithes 
— Manor of Marks — Manor of Ruckholt 1 

Chapter II.— THE CHURCH. 
Dedicated to the Virgin Mary— Incense for her Holy Days — Chancel built 1610 — 
Steeple 1658— The Bells— Strype's description of the monuments inside — Lady Mary 
Kingston — Robert Rampston — Sir Rooert Beechcroft — Andrew Redich — Henry 
Parvish — Henry Archer— Catherine Moyer — Lawrence Moyer— Frances Moyer — 
Elizabeth Wood — Sir Michael Hickes and his Lady — Sir William Hickes— Newdigate 
Owsley — Hester Strype — Susanna Strype — ^John Strypfr— Lawrence Moyer — Earl of 
Norwich — ^Two Arches on North Wall — Richard Hopkins — ^Ann Tench— Nathaniel 
Tench — Earl of Norwich—John Lloyd — Charles Gauden — ^Tohn Wood — Alexander 
Bence— Elizabeth Britt— iK« sum Gasparis (St. Ursula)— Charles Marescoe— 
Thomas Hopkins — Philip Allen — John Wood — Elizabeth Wood — William Davies— 
Robert Harvey — Thomas Hawes— Charles Goodfellow— William Church— John 
Thomson — William Biddle — Francis Goddard — Francis Harris— James Strype 
Harris— Elizabeth Hickes — Church Repairs, 1631 — Church and Churchyard — A 
" newe steple and a newe Ille," 1656— Whitewashing the Church. 1659 — A new 
Chancel, 1693 — The Churchwardens' Account — Repairing the "Rufe"— A new 
Gallery— Enlarging the Gallery — Benches with Backs — Painting and beautifying — 
Tiling of the Church bad — Want of Room for Servants — No Alteration to be made 
— Church not in danger, but Repairs needed — Repairs to be done — A Column to 
support the great Girder— Wanning the Church — To be paid for — Repairs necessary 
— l^oprietors of Chancel are requested to do their part— Church to be enlarged 
— A Gallery for Children — Erected for 100 Boys— Can the Girls have accom- 
modation ?— Alteration ordered— In part carried out — Will not relinquish his right 
— Want of room — An old Parishioner pleads for enlargement — Offers /looo— 
Other offers — Additional offers — All invited to contribute— Committee formed — 
Half of increase to be free — Treasurer — Thanks— Final Account — Inscription — 
South Aisle free and unappropriated— Appropriation of Pews to be registered — 
Painting and repairs — Batten and Slate — Cupola painted — Rural Dean and a Dirty 
Church — Western Door and Baptistery— Organ enlarged — Church renovated — 
Communion Plate. LHitrict Parishes, — All Saints'.— Site— Church desirable- 
Church rate not to be made — Committee formed— Church consecrated — Made a 
separate parish— Curates— Vicar— Parsonage— Sunday School. Holy Trinity, 
Harrow Green.- Committee formed — Consecrated— Early English Style— Chancel 
Screen— Rapid growth of Population — St. Margaret's. St. Andrew's, Lbyton- 
stonb. — Memorial Stone— Consecrated — Style— Nave and West Front completed. 
St. Catherine's, Leytonstone. — Memorial Stone— Consecrated. Nonconformist 
Chapels. — Weslepran Chapel, Leyton— Congregational Chapel, Leytonstone — 
Primitive Methodist Chapel, Leyton — Baptist Chapel, Leyton 21 

Chapter HI.— THE CHURCHYARD. 
No old Tombstones— Elizabeth Hickes— Henry More— Thomas Blayden — 
William O'Bryan— Abraham Purcas— Joseph Markby— Need of Enlargement — 
Col. Gansell ready to oblige the Parish — Land bought— Land prepared — Site 
of Workhouse added, and Vestry Room built — Tenders— Land added on East 
side— Deposit paid— Land on North side to be purchased — Purchase agreed to 
—Expense of enclosure and Consecration— Charged on Church Rates— Empowered 
to borrow ;(70o— Enclosed with a Brick Wall .. •• ., •• •• •. 77 



XU CONTENTS. 



Chapter IV.— THE VICARS. page 

iDtroduction of Christianity into Essex — Saxon invasion— Re-introdnction by 
Augustine — More Missionaries — " Sigebert the Good " — Cedd's Missionary 
labours — A *' priest " in residence — Rectores —Autographs 85 

Chapier v.— the CHURCHWARDENS, 16491893 95 

Chapter VI.-THE PARISH REGISTERS. 
The Registers — Description — Variations and Additions — Bits of Information — 
Marriages— Baptisms — Burials 105 

Chapter Vn.— THE CHURCHWARDENS' ACCOUNTS 137 

Part II.— PHILANTHROPICAL. 



Chapter I.— COLLECTIONS. 
Collection for Sowerby — Three Collections— Henry Harrison— Re-building St. 
Paul's- First Missionary Collection— Another Missionary Collection—" Briefes read 
and gathered in the Church and Parish of Leyton " — Collections for Eight Years 
ending 1888 165 

Chapter II.— THE NATIONAL SCHOOLS. 
Facsimile of first page of Strype's Minute Book —Mr. Ozler's Will -Rules for 
regulation and government of the School— Names of first scholars — Reasons of 
dismission— The first Master, Mr. Phillips— Examination— Two scholars expelled 
— Boys to be expelled if absent a Month — Notorious lying — New Trustees — 
Charles Young resigns, and David Capon elected— No meeting of Trustees for 
twenty years— Nine Trustees appointed— No one to examine— New School 
House wanted — "An unfeigned supplication "—Richard Thompson elected in 
place of Wells— School House burnt down— Re-built— Master will not sit with 
boys at Church— Mr. Walker chosen Master — Only two boys in the School — 
Young Ladies instead — Schoolmaster arrested for debt — A Sunday School 
commenced— Only fourteen Scholars to be admitted — Mr. Bosanquet leaves 
£"200— School House to be Re-buiit— Girls to be admitted — New Rules and 
Regulations— New log book — Rules as to fees— Singing— Planting Potatoes — 
Class Rooms added— Cloak Rooms— Hibbsrt Room— Elementary Education in 
1891— Leyton School Board— Statement presented July 22nd, 1891. •. .. 172 

Chapter III.— THE ALMSHOUSES. 
*• Papers & Wrightings" — " Building & Endowing " — Bad condition of the Houses 
— Application for sight of Will— Repair the whole Building — Jefifery's Legacy, /200 
— ^300 from Mr. Lane— /■200 from Mr. Daubuz — jf250 from Mrs. Moyer — Alms 
Houses re-built — /500 from Miss Hibbert— ;f 500 from Misses Graham . . . . 203 

Chapter IV.— THE BREAD FUND. 
The Origin in 1704— First Distribution ist Sunday in Advent, 1704— Purchase of 
Smalgains — Enfranchised — 1732 Leased for 21 years to John Jenkins— 1734 Leased 
for 21 years to John Corn — Household bread to be given, not wheaten— Admission 
of Trustees and remission of fine and fees— Bread Account for 1790— Bread Account 
1806 — New Trustees — Fine and fees remitted — Advertised for building — 
Referred to a Committee— Recommended to build a Smallpox Hospital— Can a 
portion be sold for the purpose of erecting a Church — Recommended that the 
Land be enfranchised— Lord of Manor requires /250 — School Board desire a 
portion— One acre of land given to School Board— Lord of Manor calls upon 
Parish to take admission 213 

Chapter V.— THE WORKHOUSE. 
A Workhouse wanted — Decided to have it— Mr. Gansell offers a piece of land — 
The money to be borrowed— Money offered and accepted — Furniture— Regulations 
— Rules — Master and Mistress elected — Bad meat and not free from bones — The 
bill — Encouragement to inmates — A Committee to govern— Home-brewed beer, 
Home-baked bread — Unwholesome flour — Insurance — Badges and tickets — A 
Workhouse not for pigs — The Badge not appreciated— Mr. Gansell no right to grant 
the lease — Dr. Jebb's claim good — New Lease to be granted — Suspended during 
certain disputes— Dr. Jebb's offer not considered proper— Dr. Jebb makes a proper 
offer — Draft of Lease approved and money paid — Lease accepted— Receipt — 



CONTENTS. Xlll 

Prayers and •' The Who!e Duty of Man," to be read by the Master—Gravel Pit— ^''^^ 
Bravery rewarded— Poor to be badged— A Dispensary— Outlines of the plan- 
Doctors don't agree — ^Workhouse and ground bought— Employment for the casual 
poor— Mr. Boffee, barber and shaver— Proposed Union of Parishes— Workhouse to be 
valued— Removal of furniture -Rate Collector appointed— What is to bs done with 
the Master, and who will pay for his mangle ?— Valuation of Workhouse and Cottages 
—A Caretaker in charge— We will keep it— Being April ist we change our minds— 
We now think it was not wise, and resolve that it shall tiot be sold— Ask the 
Churchwardens what they think— Yet another change— We will see if we can — 
We will not sell the land, only the tenement— Authorized to insure— Commissioner 
orders to sell— Really done 228 

Chapter VI.— BEQUESTS. 
Will of Henry Archer— Ramston's Gift— Ann Brunusug, ;f i— Eliz. Hutchinson, 
/lo — Letter from John Strype re Archer's Gift— Reply from Will: Archer— Edmund 
Wise, ^xo— Sir Hary Hicks, Baronet, jf40— Jones & Norden, ;f2i— Innes, a 
piece ot ground— John Ives, ;fioo— Briscoe, £ioo— Four silver plates — Schedule 
of Charitable Gifts, 1819— Ramston, 1585; Archer, 1584; Smith, 1653; Jenery, 
1662; Brand; Hicks, 1688; Tench, 1689; Goodfellow, 1686; Haray, 1695; 
Houblow, 1701 ; Hicks. ijo^Schedule of Charitable Gifts, 1854 — Archer's Charity ; 
Ramstone's Charity ; Holbrook's Charity ; £550, 3 per cent. ; Hick's Bread ; 
Almshouses ; Hughes' Farm ; Bovill's Uplands ; House in Piccadilly ; /300 and 
;f 120 95. 8rf. Consols ; ;f 300 ; £300 ; ^250 ; Indowment for Inmates of Almhouses ; 
National Schools ; Seven cottages 246 

Part III.— GENERAL MATTERS. 



Chapter I.— RATES. 
A Church rate 165 1 — High waies rate by order of the Lord Protector, 1654— Poor 
rate 1661 — Parish divided 1669 — Poor rate 1674— Poor rate ^d. in the £ — 
Robbery rate — Two rates in one year — Rental and Assessment 1696— Poor rate 
1699 — Kate for 1705 — Walthamstow acknowledging her children— How to compel 
defaulters to pay— " Assessed, rated and taxed" — Refusing to pay rates — Poor 
rate 45. in the ;f — Comments by " R. J." — A new Shire Hall — Farms in 1797 — 
A bad beginning for 1800— Sundry rate-payers in 181 2 — Year after Waterloo 
— Poor rate 6s. in the £ — In 1820 7s. in the £ — Ten Years' Poors rate — A list 
of evils 263 

Chapter II.— PUBLIC HOUSES. 
Earliest mention of Public Houses — Vestry Meetings held at Public Houses — 
Mischiefs from Shuffle Board and Skittles — Too many Public Houses — Parish will 
*• stand to their orders " — Selling without a license — Another case — Circumvented 
by the '* Excise Officer " — Public Houses in 1776— The ** Blackbirds " not required 
— * • Plough and Harrow " — Certificate not signed 279 

Chapter III.— MILITARY MATTERS. 
Payment of Militiamen — A Militiaman's Wife — Leyton's quota for His Majesty's 
Navy — '< The expence attending this transaction " — Men for the use of His Majesty's 
Navy and Army — Expenses for five men — Subscriptions to provide substitutes — A 
Volunteer Corps to be formed — Officers chosen — *' The Declaration and Engage- 
ment " — Number of Volunteers — Offer to the Government of 100 men — Commence 
without waiting for acceptance — Payment for Drill — Uniform — Supplied with 60 
useless stand of arms— First Year's Account — Drummers and Fifers — Resignation 
of Captain Millet — Lieut. Ellis resigns — A Storm — Volunteer Corps released — 
Testimonials . . 285 

Chapter IV.— COMMON LAND. 
Stake out your ground — Enclosing Land — A Warning — Proceeding to action — 
Stayed — Disposal of the price — Another case — A bark — But no bite — Enclosed for 
the security of passengers — Enclosed for the advantage of the parish— Consideration 
for the Poor, and enclosure of Land— Monies paid for enclosure of Land . . . . 299 



J 



XIV CONTENTS. 



Chaptbr v.— the high STREET COTTAGES. pagk 

Land granted to John Willett, 1685— Let to Henry Jackson. 17x6— Leased to 
Thomas Ballard, 17^8 — Six tenants, 18x9— Rents placed at disposal of Vicar and 
Churchwardens — ^Vicar and Senior Churchwarden declined to accept — Tenants 
admitted for a fine of /8o->Leased for 2x years— Insured for £700— Poor Law 
Guardians allowed to let — Lessee required to repair the premises— ;£42 per annum 
offered on a 21 years' lease — Possession given — What is the best way of dealing 
with the property ?— To be put in efficient state of repair— Mr. Hood's tender 
accepted— Referred to a Committee— Committee's report — ^To be enfranchised— 

Has been enfranchised — Still under consideration 306 

Chaptbr VL— OLD PRIVATE HOUSES. 
** Divers fair & magnificent houses" — The Manor Houses; First, Second, 
Third — The Granpie — Ruckholt House— Mark House— Hibbert House— The 
Vicarage— Benefactions of materials— Charges and disbursements — The Great 
House— Forest House— Walnut Tree House— Leyton House —Lea Hall— Barclay's 
House — House in Barclay's Grounds — Baddeley's House — Masterman's House — 
Suffolk House — Etloe House— Copelind's Corner — Phillibrook House — Berthon 
House— The Leasowe»— St. Helier— The White House— The Poplars— Grove 
House— Moyer House— Holly Cottage— Whips Cross — Suimy Side — Godsalves' 
Mansion •• •• •• .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 814 

Chapter VH.— NOTED LEYTONIANS. 
Bowyer. William— Bryan, Lady Mai^garet- Cotton, Sir Henry— Harold, Earl — 
Hicks, Sir Michael — Keme, Samuel — Lake, Sir John — Mores, Edward Row&— 
Rowe, Sir Thomas— Strange, Sir John— Strype, Rev. John— White, Sir Thomas- 
Wiseman, Cardinal— Mackenzie, Sir Morel 841 

Chapter VIIL— PARISH DIARY. 
James Ballard inducted — George Aelmer inducted— An old Reg^ister — Liberty to 
eat flesh moderately — Permission to eat flesh — Presbyterian activity in Essex — 
Ordinance sanctioned — Communion cup— / 100 yearly to the Vicar — Repair of 
Parish Church— Declaring for the King — Great and extraordinary n^nes — ^Dis- 
temper at Leyton^Oittel into Lay ton Marsh— Not buried in woolen — Countess of 
Norwich not buried in woolen — Also Sir Henry Capel— Silver cupe and challes — 
Buried in linen— The Watchhouse — Fines for cutting wood— Forsaking her child 
— The cracket bell — Refractory Overseers— It still continues — Widow Grooms — 
Preaching in the surplice — An old Leyton sermon — A poor Churchwarden — Inmate 
for Bedlam — Perambulation dinner costs too much — A setter— Turning King's 
evidence— Repairing church windows by the year — ^Who shall repair the bridge ? — 
A pretended cure— What are reasonable demands for a pretended cure ? — Posts in 
the narrow lane— Heavy rain— Reforming the Churchwardens— Poor Palatines — 
— No reason for the Churchwarden to take new ropes away— Churchwardens and 
the boundary dinner— Four acres and no cow — A widow and her pies — ^A broken 
collar bone — A beadle to take up vagrants— Never to be burdensome any more — 
A sham robbery — Removing a neighbour's land marks — Choosing a lecturer — A 
strong box to hold wrishtiogs — Beans and Bacon under Fairlop Oak, or the origin 
of Fairlop Fair — Harbouring beggars — Looking into matters— No more bell 
ringing' Avenue of trees— Ancient footpaths— Perambulation of the parish 
— A fence about the well — Reducing a broken leg— The Saints' bell- An 
impudent pauper — Search for a privateer — Stocks and whipping post — 
Hayward of the Manor — Increase of cottages — Fire engine necessary — 
Churchwardens' expences too much— Engine house to be erected — Handcuffs 
for the constables — Building the cage— Land for the cage — Stocks to be 
removed— A crowded Church— Prayer books— A field preacher — Price of things 100 
years ago — Boundary posts— Great distress — Fire engine worked in presence of the 
gentlemen— Frog Row — A troublesome style — The Church in mourning— Thomas 
Hector Spurrier, LL.B. — Malevolent Leytonians— High price of meat— Boys and 
other idle people— A disagreeable neighbour — ^The crib— Reeve— Dear bread — 
Unmarked bresui — ^A cart for His Majesty's Dragoons — The cage — ** The Irish ques- 
tion " — ^The village pump — A thievish sexton — Patroles in the parish — Rules for the 
regulation of patroles— Census 182 1 — Beer for the workhouse— Nightly depreda- 
tions — Prices of provisions 1828 — A Tyburn ticket— Cholera — Census 1831— What 
the ni|[ht-watchman saw— The cage to be removed — Cholera— Census 1841 — 
Patriotic fund — Last of the cage— Tradesmen's tokens — Leyton no longer low — ^The 
first elected Local Board— Walthamstow Slip 363 

Glossary, Appendices. Index. 



Part I. 



parocbfal an^ £ccle0fa9tical. 



Chapter I. 
THE PARISH. 

Chapter H. 
THE CHURCH. 

Chapter HI. 
THE CHURCHYARD. 

Chapter IV. 
THE VICARS. 

Chapter V. 
THE CHURCHWARDENS. 

Chapter VI. 
THE PARISH REGISTERS. 

Chapter VII. 
THE CHURCHWARDENS' ACCOUNTS. 









i 





CHAPTER I. 



Zbc paridb. 



Name— Low Ley ton — Extent — A Roman Station — Roman Remains — Landholders 
in Saxon times— Holders of Estates as described in Domesday Book — Three 
Manors — Stratford Abbey founded — Charter confirmed — '* Tithe " dispute— Property 
bought in Leyton— Wood imparked— Carpetune Wood disafiforested— Expedition 
to Holy Land— Mortmain evaded— Another " Tithe " dispute— Surrender of 
Stratford Abbey— Manor and Rectory granted to Lord Wriothesley — Great Tithes 
— Manor of Marks— Manor of Ruckholt. 




|H£ Saxon name of this parish is Lygan, also 
written Lygean, which, with the word Tun, 
is descriptive of it, as the town by the river 
Lea, or Ley. In Domesday Book it is called 
Leintuna, held by Peter de Valoines or Valoniis- In other 
records the name is written Leituna, Lochetun, Layghton, 
Layton, Leighton, Laxton, and Leyton. Morant sup- 
poses the name may be from the British Ihuch, a lake ; 
the low grounds from this place to the Thames having 
anciently formed an extensive reservoir of water, till it 
was partly drained by King Alfred in the year 896.* 

* See Appendix No. 9. 



Name, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



\ 



Low Leyton 

and 
Ltytanstone, 



Extent, 



A Roman 
Station, 



Roman 
Remains, 



The part which is on the low ground near the 
meadows is called Low Leyton, and the higher part on 
the road to Epping, Leytonstone, from there having been 
a Roman military stone placed there in early times. 

The old parish is extensive, being fourteen miles in 
circumference, and contains one thousand seven hundred 
acres, of which in 1811 one hundred and fifty was marsh, 
two hundred and fifty waste in the forest of Waltham- 
stow (commonly called Epping), twenty-five occupied by 
nurserymen and market-gardeners, and the remainder 
divided in nearly equal proportions between meadow 
and arable, about one hundred and seventy acres being 
cropped with potatoes. It is bounded on the north by 
Walthamstow, on the east by Wanstead, on the south by 
West Ham, and on the west by the river Lea, which 
separates it from the parish of Hackney in Middlesex. 

There seems to be no doubt that during the Roman 
occupation of this country Leyton was a Roman station, 
as the various remains which have been found from time 
to time within the parish amply testify. 

In 17 18 Mr. Gansell, on the occasion of enlarging his 
garden near the Manor House,* dug up two acres of 
ground, and found under the whole very large and 
strong foundations : in one place all of stone with 
considerable arches, and an arched doorway (about ten 
feet high and six feet wide) ornamented with mouldings, 
with steps down to it: in many of the foundations 
there were great quantities of Roman tiles and bricks. 
Also on digging a pond some old timber morticed 
together like a floor was discovered, with several Roman 
coins, Consular and Imperial, and some silver Saxon 

* Afterwards the Grange. 



W-*J^ 



HISTOM OF LEYtOS*. 



coins. The ground where these were discovered adjoins 
the churchyard,* where some time previously a large 
urn of coarse red earth had been found. In 1735, on 
digging holes for planting an avenue of trees, a Roman 
pavement extending twenty feet north and south, and 
sixteen feet east and west, was discovered. Several urns 
have also been dug up at Ruckholt ; and there was 
near the site of the old Ruckholt House years ago a 
square embankment, enclosing a circular mound, which 
was an ancient Roman encampment, and is thus de- 
scribed in " Excursions in the County of Essex" : '* Here 
are the remains of an ancient entrenchment, nearly 
obscured by trees that have been planted over the area. 
It is situated on a small eminence rising from the river 
Lea, and appears to consist of a square embankment 
enclosing a circular one. The latter is about thirty- 
three yards in diameter, surrounded by a moat about 
six yards in width : the former has traces of a double 
rampart, divided by a ditch." In the year 1783, some 
workmen employed in digging a channel at the Temple 
Mills, found a stone coffin, in which were several pieces 
of armour. 

In the reign of Edward the Confessor, the principal Landholders 
estates in the parish were held by Earl Harold, Tosti, ^^ 

Swein Suart,t Alsi, and others. At the time of the 



Saxon times. 



* " The churchyard being exactly on the south side."— Canu^n. 

t In Domesday Book *' Suene of Essex." He was settled in England before 
the Conquest, and is supposed to have been a Dane ; joining the Conqueror on his 
arrival, he had his estates restored or confirmed to him. His grandson Henry 
seems to have inherited his character. He was hereditary standard-bearer to King 
Henry the Second. Being with that monarch in an engagement against the Welsh, 
about the year 1163, an unmanly panic seizing him, he threw down the royal 
standard and ran away, in consequence of which the King's army was thrown into 
confusion and defeated. He was charged with treason and condemned, but the 
King spared his life. He was shorn a monk in tba Abbey of Reading. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Norman Conquest they changed hands and came into 
the possession of Robert, son of Corbutio ; Ralph 
Baignardy who held under the Abbey of Westminster ; 
Peter de Valoines; Hugh Montfort ; and Robert Gernon.* 



Holders of 
Esiatis as 
described in 
Domesday 
Book. 



The estates 
Survey : 



are thus described in the Norman 



I. — " Robert, son of Corbutio, or Corbucion, holds 
Leintun in the hundred of Beventreuf {i.e. Becontree) in 
demesne. Earl Harold held it in the reign of King 
Edward, for a manor of four hides and a half: and there 
were then two carucates on the demesne lands, now one. 
The tenants have always had one carucate ; there were 
formerly three villans, now five, and one priest ; then four 
bordars, now six; then four slaves, now none; pannage 
for 300 hogs, and 40 acres of meadow ; formerly seven 
fisheries, now none ; formerly one mill, now none ; two 
carucates might now be used on the demesne. It was 
valued in King Edward's time at ^^4, now 205. The said 
Robert holds also in Leintun, three hides, which four 
sokmen held in the days of King Edward ; there were 
then four carucates on this estate, now none ; now six 
villans and one bordar; pannage for ten hogs, and 30 
acres of meadow ; there was then the moiety of a fishery, 
which is now lost. The estate was valued at 60s., now 
at 205. The sokmen paid certain rents at the King's 
Manor of Havering, which are still payable." 



• •* Theydon Gernon Church so called from him." — Camdin. 



t Street near the Beacon. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 5 

II. — " Ralph Baignard* holds one hide in Leintun 
(within the hundred of Beventreu), which Tosti held in 
King Edward's time; there was then one carucate 
employed on it, but now there is only half employment 
for a carucate ; there are now five bordars, 20 acres of 
meadow, and a mill. It was then valued at 205., now 
at 405." 

III. — " Peter de Valoinesf holds Leintun (in the 
hundred of Beventreu) in demesne. It was held formerly 
by Swen Suart for a manor of three hides ; there was 
always one carucate in demesne and one carucate of his 
men, now two; there were formerly seven villans, now 
ten; always two bordars; pannage for 30 hogs; J 24 acres 



* Or Baynard ;— he was one of King William's attendants, and so high in his 
favour that he rewarded him with twenty-<five lordships in the county of Essex, besides 
many others in various parts of the kingdom. Baynard*s Castle in London was his 
capital mansion, in which Shakespeare laid Scene VII. Act III. of <* Richard the 
Third." Barnard's Inn, which stood close by on the river-side, also took its name 
from this Castle. Baynard's son and successor was deprived of his barony and 
estates by Henry I. for conspiracy. 

t Said to have been nephew to the Conqueror, and that he married Alfreda, 
sister of Eudo Dapifer, William's steward. His son Roger had three daughters, one 
of whom, liora, married Alexander de Baliol, brother to the King of Scotland. 

** Richard I., by his charter dat. April ii, Reg. 6, recites and confirms several 
donations to the nuns of Haliwell in Middlesex, as follows, viz. : * De dono ejusdem 
Gunnorae de Valoniis, Villam de Laiton cam omnibus ad ipsam pertinentibus.' 
Which village of IJaiton I take to be this Lay ton, first, because the said Gunoora 
was great-grand-daughter and at length heir to the estate of the said Peter de 
Valoines, being sole daughter and H. of Peter, son and H. of Roger, the son and 
H, of the said Peter de Valoines, who held lands here as is said before. Next, 
because after the dissolution of the Monastery of Haliwell, Hen. VIII., Reg. 33, 
granted to Morgan Phillips at Wolfe certain lands in the par. called Crofte, 
Howfield, Showfield, Les, Harpe, and Haliwell, with the appurtenances, late 
belonging to the Priory of Haliwell, which probably were the lands given by the 
said Gunnora to the nuns of that Religious-House, and in those times may be 
termed Villa de Laiton, of which lands Julius Morgan, alias Wolfe, son and H. 
of the said Morgan, had livery in 7 Edw. VI. and held the same in capite, and 
William, son of the said Julius, held the same by the like tenure in 4 and 5 
Phil. & Maryr—Newcourt. 

I Out of the tenants' hogs the lord had a tenth, sometimes more. 



b HISTORY OF LEYTON, 

of meadow ; formerly a mill, now none, it having been 
taken away since the coming of King William ; formerly 
two fisheries, now none ; there are now one pack-horse 
and 1 1 hogs ; it was formerly valued at 205. ; when Peter 
de Valoines took possession there was no stock pn it. It 
is now valued at 405." 

IV. — " Hugh de Montefort holds Leintun (in the 
hundred of Beventreu) in demesne. Alsi held it in King 
Edward's time as a manor of three hides and 30 acres : 
there were then two carucates on the demesne lands, now 
one; the tenants had then two carucates, now only 
one, and half employment for a second ; there were then 
six villans,' now one priest and one villan ; then four 
bordars, now three ; then two slaves, now none ; pannage 
for 150 hogs and 30 acres of meadow; formerly 60 sheep, 
now the same number and four hogs. It was valued, in 
King Edward's time, at 305., now at 405. One of 
these hides formerly paid rent to the King's Manor at 
Havering, but is now exempt." 

V. — " Robert Gernon* holds half a hide in demesne 

* Or Grexio» one of the most powerful and influential of King William's Barons 
who followed him from Normandy. Little is known of him ; he was probably from 
the parts about Bayeux. The family continued to five generations: i, Robert; 
2, William, who dropped the name of Gernon and took that of Montfichet» which 
was retained by his descendants; 3, Gilbert de Montfichet, his son and heir. 
4, Richard, who in X194 attended Richard I. in his expedition into Normandy, and 
died in 1203 ; 5, Richard his son. This last Richard, joining the Barons against 
King John, was one of the twenty-five made choice of to govern the realm ; he died 
without issue about the year 1258. Camden says *' then the estates came to three 
sisters, one, Phillipa. wife of Hugh Playz, whence Plaistow." Another account of 
this family is as follows : William de Montfichet's name does not occur in Domesday 
Book, nor does he appear to have held any land of the Crown at the time of the 
"Survey," yet we find that all the ninety-one lordships or manors recorded in 
*' Domesday," as in possession of Robert Gernon, were in the next generation in the 
possession of the Barons of Montfichet. 

There is no authentic evidence respecting Robert Gernon, and the most probable 
conjecture to offer is, that William de Montfichet of his son may have married 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



in Leintun (within the hundred of Beventreu), which a 
freeman held in the reign of Edward the Confessor. 
There was always half a carucate ; there are now two 
bordars, and five acres of meadow. It is valued at los." 

These estates of the Parish seem from these earliest 
times to have been divided into three Manors, viz. : 
Leyton, Ruckholt, and Marks, the separate history of 
which we will now follow ; but, before doing so, it will 
be to our advantage to turn aside for a moment to 
the history of the neighbouring Abbey of Stratford. 

The Cistercian Abbey of Stratford Langthorne was 
founded on January lo, 1134, by William de Montfichet, 
from motives sufficiently set forth in the following 
Charter, which is given in Dugdale's **Monasticon," 
vol. v., 586. . 

tiie heiress of Robert Gemon, or that Robert Gernon may have been some member 
of the Montfichet family, who for some personal reason was sarnamed Gernon. 

It was not until the beginning of the twelfth century that William de 
Montfichet, a successor of Gernon, built the Castle of Stanstead, and .as he also 
about the same time (1135) built the Abbey of Stratford, and endowed it with his 
demesne in West Ham and '* the place of the said Abbott/' it is very probable that 
he then abandoned the ancient Saxon manor and established himself in the Castle 
of Stanstead, which now became the head of the great barony of Montfichet. 

This same William, by the wish of Margaret his wife, and with the consent of 
his sons, endowed the Abbey with the whole of his demesne land, eleven acres, two 
milb, his wood of Buckhurst, sometimes called Monk's Hill, in Woodford, and the 
tithe of the pannage of his hogs. 

The next lord of this manor, the evidence of whose possession we find recorded, 
is Gilbert de Montfichet, son of William, who, before the year 1181, confirmed his 
father's gifts to the Abbey by a charter which is lost but mentioned in King 
Henry II. 's Confirmation Charter, and himself gave to the Monks of Stratford 
the " Churches of West Ham and Leyton/* 

The Abbot appropriated the great tithes to the Convent, and ordained a 
vicarage, of which they continued patrons until the suppression of that abbey. 
King Edward III. granted leave to Edmond Basset and Roger Samakynof Hatfield, 
to give one messuage forty acres of arable, twenty-one of meadow, twenty-five 
of pasture, and forty of heath in Leyton to the Abbot and Convent of Stratford 
and their successors for ever, held of Hugo de Nevil, by the service of a fourth 
part of one knight's fee, and by paying him sixpence for one pair of. gilt spurs by 
the year, and to the Abbess of Barking 2s. 2d. 



Three 
Manors, 



"34. 

yan, 10. 

Foundation 

of Stratford 

Abbey, 



8 history of leyton. 

Carta Willielmi de Montepichet facta Monachis de 

Hamma de manerio de Hamma. 

•* Willielmus de Montefichet omnibus praepositis et 
ministris et hominibus suis, tarn Francis quam Anglicis, 
salutem. 

" Notum sit omnibus quod ego Willielmus de 
Montefichet, gratia Dei praemonente, consilio Domini 
Willielmi Cantuar. Archiepiscopi, et aliorum religiosorum 
virorum et consensu et voluntate uxoris meae Margaretae 
et concessu filiorum meorum, pro salute animae Regis 
Henrici, et meae, et uxoris meae M. et filiorum meorum 
et omnium antecessorum meorum , dedi in elemosinam 
ecclesiae Dei, et Sanctae Mariae, et omnium Sanctorum 
de Hamma, et abbati et monachis ibi Deo servientibus, 
totum dominium meum de Hamma, in terris, in culturis, 
in pratis, in mariscis, in aquis, et nominatim totam 
terram, quae fuit Ranulfi sacerdotis. 

" Et praeter pratum dominii mei xi acras quas 
excambiavi de Geraldo de Hamma pro xiiii acris terrae in 
marisco, et duo molendina juxta calceatam de Stratford, 
videlicet unum quod tenebat Aedinwus filius Algari, et 
aliud quod tenebat Ulwinus molendinarius, et boscum 
meum de Bocherst et decimam pasnagii mei de . . . . 
pastur. 

" Testibus : 

" Henrico episcopo Wintoniensi et Willielmo et 
Ricardo Archidiac. London, et Margareta uxore mea, 
et Ricardo de Poili et Johanne . . . et Mathis 
Gernun, et Willielmo filio Radulfi, Willielmo de Monte- 
fichet nepote meo, Rogero Capellano, etc.* 

* William de Montfichet to all his bailiffs, servants, and vassals, whether 
French or English, greeting. Be it known to all, that I William de Montfichet 



confirmed. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. g 

By a second charter, William de Montfichet con- 1182. 
firmed to the Abbey and Convent of Stratford the ^^^^^^^ 
gifts of his feudal tenants. The confirmation of this 
charter by Henry 11. was obtained in 1182, as by an 
ancient law religious communities were not permitted 
to hold land without the king's licence. In this 
confirmation the benefactions are given, and among 
them is the following : 

** The Churches of Leyton and West Ham." 

Given by Gilbert de Montfichet. 

What was the value of this grant it is impossible 
to say, but it does not appear to account for the revenue 
which was received by this Abbey from Leyton, as 
according to Domesday Book, Robert Gernon (from 
whom the Montfichets inherited) only held half a hide 
in demesne in Leintun. Possibly, the Abbey once 
established, other gifts flowed in. The following is an 
example, but the word ** Church " is perplexing. 

** The Manor of Leyton, or Leyton Grange, being the 

forewarned by the Grace of God» by the advice of Lord William, Archbishop of 
Canterbury and other religions men, and with the consent and by the wish of 
Margaret my wife, and the consent of my sons, for the health of the soul of the King 
Henry, and mine, and my wife Margaret's, and my sons', and all my ancestors', 
have given in alms to the Church of God, and St. Mary, and All Saints of Ham, 
and the abbot and monks there serving God, all my demesne of Ham, in land, 
in arable fields, in meadows, in marsh, in water, and especially all the land which 
was Ranulph's the Priest. 

And besides the meadow in my demesne, the xi acres, which I exchanged 
with Gerald de Ham for xiiii acres of land in the marsh, and two mills near the 
Stratford Causeway, namely, one held by Edwin, son of Algar, and the other 
held by Ulwin the miller, and my wood of Bocherst, and the tithe of my pannage 
at ... . pasture. 

Witnesses : 

Henry, Bishop of Winchester, and William and Richard, Archdeacons of 

London, and Margaret my wife, and Richard de Poili and John and Mathew 

Gernon, and William son of Ralph, and WUliam d$ Montfichtt, my grandson, 
Roger the Chaplain, etc. 



lO HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

estate which belonged to Robert de Corbutio (Earl 
Harold held it in King Edward's reign) was given by 
Walter de Corpechun to the Abbot and Convent of 
Stratford-Langthorne, and confirmed by Ralph de 
Arderne; about the year 1200. It is called in this grant 
* the Church and Wood of Leyton ' ; the deed is signed 
by Hubert, Abp, of Canterbury, who sat in that see 
from 1 193 to 1206." — Lysons. 

Other references to the relation which existed 
between Leyton and Stratford are as follows : — 

1222. In 1222, Abbot Richard (Stratford de Langthorne) 

n^l^i ^^^ ^ dispute with Maude, Prioress of Holywell, re- 

I respecting specting the tithes of their property at Leyton in Essex. 

tUkes." The advowson of the Church of Leyton, the manor, and 

an estate called ** Carpetune " or *' Leyton Carmidue," 

which formed part of the barony of Stanstead, belonged 

to the Abbey of Stratford by endowment of Gilbert de 

Montfichet, while the tithes of another portion of Leyton 

had been given to the nuns of Holywell by Gundrada 

de Valoines, hence the dispute. The following is a 

translation of the charter which settled this dispute as 

to the tithes of Leyton : it is still preserved in the library 

of Trinity College, Dublin : — 

*'To all the children of our holie Mother the 
Church this present writing. Seeing brother Richarde 
of Stratford, and Convent of the same place, and 
Maude, Prioresse of Holywell, and Convent of the same 
place — send greeting in our Lorde. We will have it 
notified to all men, that a cause or matter being in 
variaunce betweene them upon tithe in the paroche of 
Leyton, it is agreed by the counseill of discrete men 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



II 



betweene us, that the ladie prioresse and nunne of 
Holywell shall receive and take all tithes, which they 
were wont to receive, except the tithes either of the 
demesne of Rockholde, and of the demesne of Carmidue, 
which the lord abbot and convente of Stratforde shall 
receive by reason of the right that they have in the 
church of Leyton, and to the intente that this com- 
position may for ever persevere fir me, inviolable, and 
immutable, to the present writing we have on either side 
sette our scales. 

•* This was truly done in the yer of grace a thousand- 
two-hundred and xxii, at Easter." 



The Abbot Richard is once more mentioned in 1233, 
when he bought property in Leyton^ of Thomas de 
Arderne, and lands in Ginges, of Richard de Ginges. 

. . The Abbot and Convent had licence to impark their 
wood at Leyton. Pat : 32 Hen. HI. M. 9. 

In the reign of King Henry IH., there is a charter 
(Cart: 37 Hen. HI. No. 13) dated at Westminster, the 
24th of May, 1253, permitting the monks of Stratford 
to disafforest and make a park of their wood at Leyton, 
called Carpetune, also granting a free warren in all their 
demesne lands of West Hamme, Leyton, Chigwell, Wood- 
ford, Ginges Mounteney, Ginges Laundry, Ginges Joy- 
berd, Ginges Radulphi, Dunton, East Horndon, Wand, 
Little Thurrock, Great and Little Burgstead, Caldwell, 
besides a weekly market and annual fair at their Manor 
of Great Burgstead. 



1233- 

Property 
bought in 
Leyton, 

1248. 

Imparking a 

Wood in 

Leyton. 

"53- 
May 24/A. 
Carpetune 
Wood dis' 



12 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1 288- 1 290. 
Leyton con- 

tributes 

towards an 

*' Expedition 

to the Holy 

Landr 



1331- 

Mortmain 

evaded. 



1484. 
Another 

Tithe 
Dispute. 



Between the years 1288 and 1290 Pope Nicholas IV., 
on occasion of an expedition to the Holy Land, granted 
to King Edward I. the "tenthe" in England, towards 
defraying the expenses. A record of this has been pre- 
served in the "Taxation of Pope Nicholas IV.," and from 
it we learn that the temporalities of Stratford Abbey were 
at that date j^200 145. 8Jrf. In that record is the follow- 
ing entry : — 

*' Deanery of Berkynge (Barking) 

'* In Leyton 23 . 3 . 6J." 

Edward III. granted letters patent (thereby evading 
the Statute of Mortmain) whereby Edmund Basset, and 
Roger Samakyn, of Hatfield, were allowed to give to the 
Abbot and Convent of Stratford certain lands in Leyton. 
Pat: 5 Edw. III.: pt. 2. M. 27. (See note page 6.) 

After the lapse of two centuries, the question of tithes 
was again raised by John Rieside, Abbot of Stratford, and 
Jane Sevenoak, Prioress of Holywell, when the matter 
was submitted to the arbitration of William of Wetynge 
and Robert Kereges. The instrument itself is without 
date, but on one of the leaves of the manuscript is this 
entry : '* Tythes by the Abbot and Prioress in ... . 
Edw : quart : *' and one of the pages is headed " Return 
of lands in Leyton, in the xxiii year of the reign of 
King Edward IV." whereby the date is fixed (1484). 
The arbitrators decided that the Prioress was to 
receive the tithes of certain parcels of land, and of her 
demesne land in the Manor of Ruckholt — and the 
Abbot, those due from tenants and farmers of that 
Manor, and all others in the Parish of Leyton. Amongst 
the land entitled as the demesne of the Prioress is 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 3 

" Halewell garden and acres, and Halywell-down, and 
Heswelldown, containing by estimation xxx acres," Hol- 
loway-down is probably a corruption of the ancient name 
here referred to, and both are clearly derived from their 
ancient possessors, the nuns of Holywell, near Shoreditch. 

The Manor and Church of Ley ton continued in the "538. 
possession of the Abbot and Convent of Stratford till the ^""^tli^f 
dissolution of religious houses in the reign of Henry Ahhey. 
Vni. It was surrendered by the last Abbot, William 
Huddlestone, Mar. i8, 1538,* who had a pension granted 
him of ;f66 13s. ^d. The deed, which is in the Aug- 
mentation Office, is signed as follows : — 

" per me William Abbate praedictum. 
** per me William Parsons Pryor. 
" per me Johannem Merystum cantorem. 
" per me Johannem Ryddsdall 

Supp'orem et Sacristam. 
*' per me Antonium Clercke, Bacchalaureum. 
" per me Johannem Gybbs, 
** per me Christoferum Snow. 
" per me Wyllyam Danyells. 
" per me William Peyrson. 
" per me Thomas Solbey. 
" per me William Symonds. 
** per me Johannem Scott. 
" per me Richard Stanton. 
" per me Thomas Drake. 
** X for John Wyght which cannot wrytte." 



* Valued by Dugdale at /511 165. 3^. annually, by Speed ^573 155. 6</. Just 
before the Reformation lands belonging to the Convent were let at the average rent 
of 35. 4^. or 4J. per acre for pasture, and 2s. &f. for arable land. 



H 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1545. 

yutu gth. 

Manor and 

Rectory 
granted to 

Lord 
Wriothesley, 



On June gth, 1545, Henry granted the Manor of 
Ley ton, and the Rectory of the Church and advowson 
of the Vicarage, to Thomas Lord Wriothesley, Lord 
Chancellor of England. The next year he had liceface 
to alienate it, and the day after sold it to Sir Ralph 
Warren (Lord Mayor of London in 1536). Sir Ralph's 
widow married Sir Thomas White (founder of St. 
John's College, Oxford), and held this Manor in dower 
till her death, when it was inherited by Richard, a boy 
of II years old, son of Sir Ralph Warren, who dying 
without issue in 1597, the estate devolved to his sister 
Joan, the wife of Sir Henry Williams, alias Cromwelli 
whose son, Oliver Cromwell,* of Hinchinbrooke, had had 
licence 4 Dec, 42 Eliz., to alienate the Manor and 
Rectory to one Edward Ryder. t 

Lest the thought of even this remote connexion of 
the great regicide with Leyton should shock the sensi- 
bilities of some of my readers, I would remind them 
that Oliver Cromwell's mother was ** indubitably either 
ninth or tenth or some other fractional part of half 
a cousin to Charles Stuart, King of England." — Carlyle. 

In 161 1 the Manor of Leyton was in the possession 
of Sir William Ryder (Lord Mayor of London in 
1600), who, dying in that year, left it to his two 
daughters: Mary, wife of Sir Thomas Lake, J sometime 
one of the principal Secretaries of State, and Susan, 
wife of Sir Thomas Caesar, Knight. Sir William Ryder 



• See Appendix No. 5. 

t With the Manor were conveyed 24 messuages, 20 gardens, 20 orchards, 20 
acres of arable land, 260 of meadow, 420 of pasture, 40 of wood, 300 of heath, &c. 

I Sm Appendix No. 6. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. I 5 

seems to have separated the Manor House from the 
estate, having isold it to Anthony Holmead in 1610. 

On Jan^ 22, 1649, the Manor again changed hands, 
being purchased by the following three gentlemen : 
Capt. Geo. Swanly,* Bernard Ozler,t and Robert Abbot. 
One John Smith, J of London, Merchant, bought 
Abbot's share y and left it by will to the poor of the 
Parishes of St. Swithin's and St. Peter's, Eastgate, in 
the City of Lincoln, for whose use it was vested in the 
Mayor and six senior Aldermen of that City, together 
with the Overseers of the Parish above mentioned. 
Capt. Swanly's share, after the death of his children 
without issue, became vested in Martha Lady Clutterbuck, 
Sarah Lymbrey, and Mary, wife of John Hanson. 
Oliver Martin, in 1696, bought Lady Clutterbuck's 
share and sold it again the next year to John Chinnall, 
who had previously purchased Mrs. Lymbrey' s and 
Hanson's shares. On June 19th, 1703, he sold the 
whole of what had been Swanly's share to David 
Gansell, Esq. Ozler's share came by inheritance to 
David Hopton, who, in 1709, sold it to Mr. Gansell. 
Two-thirds of the manor being thus vested in him 
were inherited by his son, Genl. Gansell ; the General's 
heirs sold them in 1783 to John Pardoe, Esq., one of 
the directors of the Honourable East India Company, 
who, in the year 1794, purchased of the Corporation 
of Lincoln the other share, belonging to the poor of 
St. Swithin's and St. Peter'-s, Eastgate, in that City. 
This purchase was confirmed by Act of Parliament, 

* *' Captain of a Ship."— Stotttf. f Founder of the National Schools. 

} He imilt the Almshouses near the Church. 



l6 HISTORY OF LEYTON, 

May 5, 1795, and the whole manor descended to John 
Pardoe, Esq., grandson of the purchaser, and in 181 1, 
was in his possession. His descendant, the Rev. John 
Pardoe, Rector of Graveley, died in 1892, leaving a 
son about 14 years old, who is the present Lord of 
the Manor. 

The Great After the Church was given to the Abbot and 

Tithes. Convent of Stratford Langthorne by Gilbert de Mont- 
fichet, and confirmed by King Henry H., the great 
tithes were appropriated to that Monastery, and a 
Vicarage was endowed, of which the Abbot and Convent 
were patrons till the dissolution of religious houses, 
when the great tithes were granted with the advowson 
and the Manor to Lord Wriothesley as before stated ; 
they continued united for more than a century. The 
partition of the Manor into three parts in the year 
1649 has been already mentioned; the great tithes 
and the right of presentation to the Vicarage were 
divided between the same parties, and in the same 
proportions, but they have not descended in exactly the 
same manner. 

Abbott's share of the great tithes, with the right 
of presentation (upon every third vacancy) to the 
Vicarage, were sold with his share of the Manor to 
John Smith, and formed part of his bequest to the 
poor of St. Swithin's and St. Peter's, Eastgate, in 
Lincoln. They were purchased by Mr. Pardoe in 1794, 
with a third of the Manor. Ozler's share of the great 
tithes was not sold with his share of the Manor, but 
descended to his representative, Col. Robert H aster, 
of whom it was purchased (1773) by Robert James, of 
Leyton, who lived in a farm-house on the borders of 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 7 

the Forest, and gave his name to James's Lane. The 
other third part of the great tithes passed through the 
same hands as Capt. Swanly's share of the Manor, till 
the death of Genl. Gansell, who bequeathed it to his 
nephew, David Jebb. This part was purchased by 
Mr. James. Genl. Gansell's two-thirds of the Manor 
were sold, as before mentioned, to Mr. Pardoe; at the 
same time, two-thirds of the advowson, or right of 
presenting twice out of three times to the Vicarage, 
were put up to sale, and purchased by Nicholas Corselis. 
The advowson was in 1811 vested solely in Mr. Pardoe. 
It now (1892) belongs to Rev. Dr. Brewster, who was 
vicar from 1873 to 1880. 

The Manor of Marks.* 
The Manor of Marks belonged "to the priory of Manor of 
St. Helen's, and was granted after the dissolution of Marks. 
that Monastery, in 1545, to Paul Withipol and his 
son.t In 1 601, J Sir Edmund Withipol sold it to 
James Altham, Esq. (afterwards one of the Barons of 
the Exchequer). His son, Sir James Altham, died 
seised of this Manor in 1622, leaving an infant son, 
who survived him but a short time, and two daughters, 
Elizabeth and Frances, who became co-heiresses. 
Elizabeth married Charles Tryon, Esq. ; Frances, John 
Earl of Carbery. After this period little seems to be 

* There are many estates named Marks, probably from Henry de Merk, who 
was Lord of Berdfeld, Short-grave, and Latton, in the time of Henry III. 

t He also granted to them (Pat. 36 Hen. VIII.) the advowson of the Rectory 
and Vicarage of Walthamstow. 

I He appears still to have retained some property in Ley ton, for in his will he 
says : " I leave to my wife Elizabeth, for her dower, all my lands in Walthamstow 
and Ley ton during her life, which is within little of 200 marks by the year ; trusting 
(yea I may say. as I think assuring myself) that she will marry no man, for fear to 
meet so evil a husband as I have been." 



1 8 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

known of it, other than that it became incorporated 
with Leyton Grange, to which it was united by David 
Gansell, Esq., and that it was purchased by Mr. Pardoe, 
with that estate, of General Gansell's heirs. 

Norden (1594), in his Hst of the houses of Essex, 
has the following: " Marke-hall, a fayre house, Jerome 
Weston" (the occupier). Mr. Strype (1720), in his 
continuation of Stow, says : " Mark House, apertaining 
to the Manor of Marks, partly in this parish, is an 
antient brick building at present much out of repair. Its 
owner Mr. Winder." Lysons (181 1) says: "The site 
of the Manor (now a farmhouse) is called Marks hall. 
The old house stood on the boundaries of the parishes 
of Leyton and Walthamstow." 

Manor of Ruckholt. 

Manor of The Manor of Ruckholt, which took its name from 

Ruckholt. the Saxon words " hroc holt " — Rook Wood — was, about 
1284, the property of William, son of Robert de 
Bumpsted Steple, who then recognised a deed by which 
he had conveyed this manor to Sir Richard de la Vache. 
In the year 1360, Philip de Bumpsted, son and heir 
of Robert Bumpsted of Stoke, ^released to Adam 
Francis, citizen of London, all his right and interest in 
this Manor. It is probable that Francis had purchased 
it of the heirs of Sir Richard de la Vache. Sir 
Adam Francis, who died seised of this manor in 141 7, 
left two daughters, co-heiresses, Agnes, wife of Sir William 
Ponter, who died without issue in 1461, and Elizabeth, 
wife of Thomas Charlton, whose son. Sir Thomas, died 
seised of this Manor in 1465. His son. Sir Richard, 
inherited it ; he, like many another Englishman before 



^MAPPofthelJiANNORof l^UCKHOLTintheM^OUN^ 

of ESSEX;maae by Order of fcNUMIN KpLLlER Efcf L^.oftKe said 
MAN N OR in the Year J72J ^ ^c^ r^As. ^t^^ t^'^j^TVhd Archer; Surveyor. 



CANNOlf' i/aLL 




MILL 



"tee i^RW VORK 
PUBLIC LIBIURY 



A^^»«' »'^:!!??.::!^ 



flU^FN' If«»'' 



TUTI0N8 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. ig 

and since, interested himself in the affairs of his country, 
and thereby came to trouble; for, in consequence of 
his attachment to Richard III., he was attainted 
of high treason, and the Manor fell into the hands of 
the Crown. In 1487, Henry VII. granted it to Sir 
John Rysley, on whose death it escheated to the Crown, 
and was granted in 1513 by Henry VIIL to William 
Compton,* ancestor of the Earls of Northampton. 
William Lord Compton,t sold it in 1592 to Henry 
Parvish, whose widow married Sir Michael Hickes,J 
Secretary to Lord Burleigh ; though Sir Michael married 
the widow of Henry Parvish, he did not marry his 
estate, but bought it of Parvish's heirs. Sir Michael 
was succeeded by his son William of Beverston, who was 
created a Baronet in 1619 for his loyalty to Charles I. 
in the great Rebellion, for whom he underwent great 
troubles. It continued in this family till 1720, when 
Sir Henry Hicks, Bart., sold it to the trustees of 
Robert Knight, cashier of the South Sea Company, 
of whom it was purchased in 1731 by Ann, relict of 
Frederick Tylney, Esq. It was afterwards vested with 
the rest of the Tylney estates in the daughter and sole 
heiress of Sir James Tylney Long, Bart., who died in 
1794. 

On a branch of the Lea near to the Ruckholt 
Manor Housed were the Temple Mills, said to have 

• «• Phillip Van Wilder, gent., one of the Kinges Majesties Privey Cbanceller 
1552-53. by will directs to be buried at St. Olave's, Hart Street, held property at 
Leyton Rockeholle." 

t There were sold with the Manor — 7 cottages, 7 gardens, 150 acres of arable 
land, 44 of meadow, 24 of pasture, 30 of wood, etc. — Morant, i, p. 24. 

\ From whom has descended the present Sir Michael Hicks-Beach 

S For account of the Manor House, see "Ruckholt House" in chapter " Old 
Leyton Houses.'* 



20 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



anciently belonged to the Knights Templars ; and 
afterwards to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. 
In 1720 they were used for brass works, afterwards 
for the manufacture of lead, and now are used as a 
" Sewage Farm." ** The hamlet of Leytonstone" is a part 
of this ancient Manor of Ruckholt, and not of Leyton. 




THE NEW YORK 
PUBLIC LIBRARY 



ASTUU, LBNUX AND 

TILDEN FOUNDATIONS 

U L 



50 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1735. 

Aug. ^th. 

" Repairs, 
paintins^ and 
beautifying.'* 



1749. 

Sept. 4/A. 

Tiling of the 

Church bad. 



" The Gentlemen took into consideration what might 
be absolutely necessary for repairs as well as painting 
and beautifying the Church over and above stoping and 
whitewashing all the inside which has bin agreed for 
with Mr. Mills by Mr. Holloway the present Church- 
warden. The large window on the south side is so 
ruinous that it will not stand longer, it was therefore 
resolved to put an entire new Oak frame of the same 
size of the present window, with two uprights in the 
middle, new steps up to the pulpit, & the floor from 
the entrance into the Deske, the Cornish of the sounding 
board mended, a larger new Deske board, & the whole 
painted of a fine wanscote colour, the pavement within 
the rails of the Communion Table to be layd with 
Portland stone and black marble dotts, the table 
plained and varnishd, the frame painted of a mahogany, 
and the rails of a wainscote colour, agreed with Mr. 
Read for puting up the wood work of the new window, 
head, sills, and jams, six by eight inch" & the two . . . 
five by eight inch' for Four Pounds, that Mr. Read.be 
desired to procure the other repairs and painting above 
mentioned to be done in the best manner & upon the 
most reasonable conditions, and the new window new 
glazed with proper sized squares of Crown glass. That 
Mr. Capon be desired to write Mr. Gansell to give 
directions about the stoping & whitewashing the 
Chancell, the pavement to be raised where necessary." 

** Upon considering a proposal to rip the Tiling of 
the church it was unanimously agreed to postpone the 
same to next Summer, and in the meantime Mr. Mills 
is desired to view the present condition of the Tiling 
& get the same repaired so as to keep out the wet, this 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



51 



ensuing Winter and the Church Warden is to be 
acquainted with this opinion of the Vestry to have his 
concurrance." 

" This Vestry took into consideration the want of 
room for servants, therefore were of opinion that if the 
pews where the servants sit in the Gallery were pulled 
down, and benches erected in their room it would 
accomodate many more, & that one side of the gallery 
should be for the maid servants & the other for the 
men, which opinion is referred to be considered of by 
a Vestry to be held at the Workhouse the loth of 
August whereof particular notice is order'd to be given 
in the Church eight days before." 

** Ordered that y** order of the former vestry of July 
y" 20*** concerning y** alteration of y" pews in y® galler)^ 
be dropt & laid afside." 

** Mr. Wells in conformity with y** order of y** last 
Vestry has with Mr. Want, veiwed & surveyed y* 
Church, & is of opinion, that no part of it is in any 
immediate danger; but some repairs will be ncessary, 
viz., stripping 3^" tiles entirely, & to fix )r® rafters to a 
strait line, fixing new rafters feet to the Eaves board 
& tying up y** ceiling joists where wanted, & to repair 
y" boarding of y** gable ends." 

"Ordered that Mr. Wells begin to make the repairs 
of the Church according to his report made to the 
Vestry Jan. 14. 1771 & that Mr. Want do the brick- 
layer's work, provided he begins & finishes his work 
within a fortnight. That the tileing be laid upon 
English heart of oak lath, at a six inch gage, & paid 
for by the square. & unless Mr. Want will agree to 



1752. 

^uly 20th, 

Want of 

room for 

Servants, 



1752- 

Aug. loth. 

No alteration 

to be made. 



1771. 
June i^iA. 
Church not 
in immediate 
danger, but 
some repairs 

needed. 



1771. 

Aug. sth. 

Repairs to 

be done. 



52 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1779. 

July 5ih. 

A column to 

support the 

great girder. 



1791. 

Warming 
the Church, 



finish his work within a fortnight, than the Ch: Warden 
is desired to employ some other able workman." 

** Mr. Wells & Mr. Want reported to this vestry the 
state of the church & the situation of the timbers & 
what was necessary & proper to be done for the repairs 
of the same. 

" Resolved that it is proper that a column be erected 
in the middle of the church, just at the end of Mr. 
Pardoe's pew, to support the great girder that runs 
across the church. And also two pieces of timber 
above the ceiling, by way of false girder, to which four 
of the present girders are to be tyed up with bolts & 
screws & that they should be done immediately. 

*' To defray the expence of this ^80. a Church rate 
of 6^' in the pound was laid upon all owners & 
occupiers of land in the parish May i, 1780." 

'*At a Vestry extraordinary holden this day in 
pursuance of notice given in the church for the purpose 
of taking into consideration the proposal of Messrs. 
Jack§on & Moser for warming the Parish Church 
effectually for forty Guineas. Should Mefs"- Jackson 
& Moser's plan not answer after six weeks trial they 
agree to remove not only the whole apparatus at their 
own expense, but also to pay every other charge the 
parish may have been put to on this business. Besides 
Mefs"- Jackson & Moser's charge, another expense 
will arise, which Mr. Wells the Surveyor supposes will 
not exceed ten pounds. These two sums of forty 
Guineas & 10 pounds the parish agrees to pay if 
Mefs"- Jackson & Moser's scheme succeeds." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



53 



" Ordered that Mr. Moser be paid for the Stove he 
has put into the Church according to his agreement." 

** At a Special Vestry holden this day in pursuance 
of Notice given in the Church to receive the report of 
Mr. Jefse Gibson Surveyor respecting the state of it — 
Mr. Gibson's particulars of the repairs necefsary to be 
done to the Church, which he stated would not exceed 
Two hundred Pounds, were read & approved & ordered 
to be kept in the Vestry room at the Workhouse. 
Resolved that Mr. Gibson be empowered to contract 
on the part of the Parish, with Mr. Pocock Carpenter 
and Mr. Want Bricklayer to carry the said repairs 
into execution provided they are willing to contract for 
the same on such terms as shall be approved by Mr. 
Gibson. Resolved that the above Minute be communi- 
cated to the Proprietors of the Chancel & that they 
be requested to cause the repairs necefsary for their 
part to be done at the time." 

** At a Vestry held in the Parish Church pursuant 
to notices given in the Church on the two preceeding 
Sundays, that such Vestry would be held, for the 
purpose of considering the expediency of enlarging 
the Church. The Vestry considering that there are 
many families in the Parish who absent themselves 
from Church for want of pews & upon the considera- 
tion of the little room at present afforded to the 
poorer inhabitants : 



** Resolved- 
enlarged. 



-That it is desirable that the Church be 



1791. 

Dec. sth. 
To he paid 
for. 
1794. 
Feb. 24/A. 
Repairs are 
necessary. 



Proprietors 

of Chancel 

are requested 

to do their 

part. 

1811. 

Feb. nth. 

Church to be 

enlarged. 



"The Minister, Parish Officers, & several other 
inhabitants informed the Vestry that they had 



54 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



consulted two different surveyors. Mr. Seward of 
Craven Street, Strand, & Mr. Walters of Fenchurch 
Street, of the best plan for enlarging the Church & 
the expence of executing their respective plans & the 
same having been submitted to the consideration of 
this Vestry : 

" Resolved — That the plan of Mr. Walters be & is 
hereby approved of, the expence of executing which 
plan we find is estimated at ;f2500, & that the same 
be carried into effect forthwith." 



1817. 

Mar. yd. 

A Gallery 

far Children. 



" Having then adjourned to the Church to consider 
a proposition brought forward by Mr. Lane (the 
Churchwarden) to erect a gallery in the Church for 
the exclusive accomodation of the children in the 
Sunday Schools. And having considered two different 
plans suggested for the purpose & then returned to 
the workhouse : 



1817. 

May ^th. 
Gallery 
erected at 
charge of 
Thos, Lane 
far 100 boys. 



" Resolved unanimously that it is desirable the 
children should be placed together in the Church if it 
can be done, and that the erection of a gallery over 
the Communion Table will, on the whole, be the most 
convenient mode of doing so. 

" Resolved also that Mr. Lane be requested to have 
this plan carried into execution." 

" The churchwarden reported that in conformity with 
the resolution of the Vestry of the 3rd March last — ^A 
gallery has been erected in the Church, capable of 
accomodating one hundred boys & that Thos. Lane 
Esq" has kindly made the said erection at his own 
expense. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



55 



"Resolved — That the Minister and Parish Officers 
be requested to take into consideration whether any 
further accomodation can be made in the Church for 
the girls of the Sunday Schools & report the same at 
the next Vestry, & at what expence the same can 
be effected." 

" The Minister and Churchwardens reported that in 
compliance with the resolution of the last Vestry, 
they had taken into consideration the accomodation 
which could be further made in the Church, for the 
girls of the Sunday Schools and that such accomodation 
might be made, by the alteration of the staircase to the 
gallery at the west end of the Church and Mr. 
Narsingham having given in an estimate amounting 
to £i^ I2s. 6d. for the alteration of the staircase only : 

** Resolved — That the same be carried into execution." 

'* The Minister and Churchwardens having reported 
at the June Vestry on the further accommodation which 
might be made in the Church for the girls of the Sunday 
Schools, pursuant to a reference to them by a former 
Vestry, and the same having been in part carried into 
execution by the alteration of the staircase to the gallery 
at the West end of the Church : 

** Resolved — That the Minister and Churchwardens 
do carry into execution the remainder of the plan for 
the above object, by a new arrangement of the space 
under the gallery and by turning many of the inclosed 
pews in the gallery into open seats and that notice be 
given in the usual manner of such intended alterations." 



Can the girls 

have 
accommoda- 
tion ? 



1817. 

June 2nd. 

Alteration 

ordered. 



1817. 

Aug, ^th. 

In part 

carried out. 



56 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1819. 

Feb. 15/. 

Mr, Daubuz 

will not 

relinquish 

his right. 



1822. 

April I. 

Want of 

room in the 

Church, 



^* Mr. James reported — 

" That Mr. Daubuz will not relinquish any part 
of what he considers his right to the whole of the 
space of a corner in the gallery, lately part of the 
staircase and which would make his piece square, 
agreeably to Faculty obtain'd by Sir Fisher Tench in 
the year 171 2, and declar'd that he would, after this 
Vestry, proceed to obtain it, by sending workmen to 
make the piece square : 

** Resolved — That it is the opinion of this Vestry that 
whatever right the Parish may have in the space in 
dispute, — the case is not of sufficient magnitude to 
enter into litigation about." 

**At a General Vestry Meeting of the inhabitants of 
the Parish of Leyton, holden here this day pursuant to 
Public notice. 

*' The Rev. Chas. Laprimaudaye, Vicar, in the 
Chair. 

" The Vicar reported — That the want of room in the 
Church to accomodate the small tradesmen, labourers 
& servants who now sit, or stand, in the Aisles, to 
the great inconvenience of themselves and others, had 
been observed with sincere regret for several years 
past, and the enlargement of the Church had long 
engaged the anxious attention of himself and many of his 
parishioners ; and that he had received a paper upon the 
subject which was read as follows : — 



HISTORY OF lyEYTON. 



57 



" ^ Leyton 21st March 1822. 
*' * One of the oldest inhabitants of the Parish, 
and probably nearly the oldest parishioner, trusts 
that he may be allowed before he quits this 
world to direct once more the attention of his 
neighbours to the enlargement of the Church which 
was sometime since the subject of consideration. 
The want of accomodation which was then felt, still 
exists, and many of the inhabitants have expressed great 
regret, that any circumstances should have occurred to 
prevent the execution of the plan, which was determined 
on in the Year 181 2, and which might then have been 
accomplished for ^^2200 the Contractor also having given 
Security to the amount of ;^8ooo that no injury should 
ensue, affecting the stability of the building. The late 
proposal to throw out the North Aisle to the extent of the 
present Chancel will not accomplish the object which the 
old Parishioner has in view, viz., sufficient comfortable 
accomodation for the lower classes, and it should be 
mentioned, that Mr. Gibson, Mr. Seward, Mr. Walters 
and others, who have examined the Church, were all of 
opinion that the Wall at the end of the North Aisle 
constituted a principal support to the building, and that 
taking it down would be a very dangerous measure, 
independent of which the removal of Mr. Hick's 
monument and the Communion Table, and the obtaining 
another Faculty, are serious obstacles to a plan which will 
afford but little accomodation. To carry the plan of the 
Year 1812 into effect, considerable progress has been 
made, and the expense of a Faculty incurred, which, 
having been obtained, may be proceeded on immediately, 
and when it is considered that the cost of materials and 
labour will be so much less than at that time, possibly in 



An Old 
Parishioner 

pleads for 
enlargement 

and offers 

;flOOO. 



58 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Other offers 
of £i^So. 



a reduction of 30 per cent, on each, that ^^1200 has been 
raised for the repair, enlargement and endowment of the 
Chapel at Leytonstone, chiefly by the subscriptions of 
the inhabitants of that part of the parish; — shall the 
Parish Church where there is such want of accomodation 
for the lower classes of Society, and many respectable 
tradesmen be suffered to remain in its present state, 
when the Parish of Woodford has expended more than 
;^6,ooo on a new Church, and Walthamstow has also 
spent more than half that sum in the repair and 
improvement of theirs. 

** * Impressed with these considerations — ^with the 
importance of the object, as redounding to the Glory of 
God, and the welfare of the community, in which the old 
parishioner has lived thirty- two years, he begs to offer the 
sum of One Thousand Pounds towards carrying the plan 
of 181 2 into effect with such modifications as may be 
thought desirable. The above sum, part of a Bequest 
he has unexpectedly received from a friend, he will 
rejoice in devoting to this good purpose, and he most 
earnestly presses it, and hopes that the other inhabitants 
will cordially unite in accomplishing the object.' 

** The Vicar also reported — That he had the satisfaction 
to state that the example so liberally afforded, had been 
immediately foUpwed by the undermentioned sub- 
scriptions to the amount of ;f248o 15 . o, viz. 

'• The Old Parishioner £1000 



Thos. Lane Esq 


105 


Mrs. Lane 


5a 


The Rev Chas. Laprimaudaye 


105 


Mr. Laprimaudaye 


5a 


Jno. Alphonso Doxat Esq. 


105 


Mrs. Doxat 


5a 



10 



10 



10 



I05 




I05 




I05 




52- 


10 


52- 


10 


52- 


lO 


31 • 


10 


5° 




52. 


10 


52. 


10 


5° 




26. 


5 


lO , 


, 10 


105 




loS 




26. 


5 


26. 


■ 5 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 59 

James Innes Esq 

Will. Copeland Esq ... 

Will. Cotton Esq 

Will. Hall, Esq 

Jno. Lane Esq 

Rich Lane Esq 

Benj. Cotton Esq 

A Well Wisher 

Will. Masterman Esq 

Jno. Gore Esq 

Mrs. M. Daubuz 

Mrs. Berthon 

Will. Price Esq 

Mrs. Heathcote 

Mrs. Moyer 

Robt. Innes Esq 

Jno. Innes Esq 

£H^ . 15 
"And he was satisfied, that the liberality of the 
inhabitants would raise it to a sum that would effectually 
accomplish the proposed enlargement of the Church 
without the necessity of recurring to a Church Rate — 
And that, in furtherance of this object, a General meeting 
of the inhabitants had been solicited (by Notice in 
the Church & Chapel, and by hand bills circulated 
throughout the Parish) on this Day, being the Day 
appointed for the election of Parish Officers, for the 
year ensuing; and at this meeting, the following Additional 
additional subscriptions were made, viz. offers 

amounting to 

"Alexis Jas Doxat Esq £^2 . 10 £^^^ • '5 

Jno. Hibbert Esq 52 . xo 

Sam** Bosanquet Esq 200 

WiU"- Da vies Esq. 100 

The Rev. Thos. Granger 10 . xo 

Mr. Finlay Eraser 5-5 



6o 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Resolutions. 

All 

Parishioners 

invited to 

contribute. 



Committee. 



Half of 
increased 
accommoda- 
tion to be 
free. 



Treasurer. 



** Whereupon it was resolved 

'*i. That the parishioners and inhabitants generally 
be respectfully invited to promote this desirable work, 
by adding their subscriptions, in whatever proportion 
they may ^hink proper — And that those who are not 
present be waited upon for that purpose. 

** 2. That the following gentlemen be requested to 
form a Committee, viz 

The Vicar and Parish Officers 
Joseph Cotton Esq. Thos. Lane Esq. 



John Lane Esq 
Will"*- Cotton Esq 
Will"*- Hall Esq 
Will"*- Davis Esq 



Sam*- Bosanquet Esq. 
Benj. Cotton Esq. 
Jno. Gore Esq. 
Mr. Rich**- James. 



And they are hereby appointed as such, to consul* 
with a Surveyor, to determine on the plan, and enter 
into such Contracts as may be necessary, and to super- 
intend the work during its progress, and to its 
completion, and that any five be a Quorum, 

"3. That at least one half of the increased area, and 
accomodation in the Church, obtained by this enlarge- 
ment be allotted as Free and unappropriated open 
sittings, in addition to the number at present in the 
Church, and that notice of the number of sittings so 
obtained, be inscribed in some particular part of 
the Church, and entered on the minutes of the 
Vestry. 

"4. That Sam*- Bosanquet Esq. be, and is hereby 
appointed Treasurer to the subscription ; and that he 
be authorized to pay the Drafts of any three of the 
Committee. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



6l 



"5. That the grateful thanks of this meeting be 
presented to Joseph Cotton Esquire, for the zeal with 
which he has exerted himself, in again bringing forward 
the long desired measure of the enlargement of the 
Church, and particularly for his very munificent Donation 
of One Thousand Pounds towards the requisite 
expenses. 

" 6. That the cordial thanks of this vestry be given 
to the Rev. Charles Laprimaudaye, for having called 
the inhabitants together on this interesting occasion, 
and for the zeal with which he has devoted his attention 
to the subject — and that he be requested to receive 
such subscriptions as may be offered and transmit them 
to the Treasurer. 

** 7. That these Minutes and Resolutions' be printed 
and circulated through the Parish. 

" Chas. Laprimaudaye. 
** Chairman. ^^ 

** At a meeting of the Committee for enlarging and 
repairing the Parish Church ; holden at the Vicarage 
this day 

** Present 

The Rev. Chas. Laprimaudaye, in the Chair. 
Sam*- Bosanquet Esq. Will" Hall Esq. 

Will*"- Davis Esq. Mr. Rich^- James. 

Will"- Cotton Esq. 

** The Minutes of the last Committee were read. 
The following Statement, being the correct and final 
account, was laid before the Meeting, by which it 
appeared that there remains a balance of ^^ii . 4 in 
the hands of the Bankers. 



Thanks to 
Mr. Cotton. 



Thanhs to 
Mr. Lapri- 
maudaye. 



1824. 

Apt. i-jth. 

Final 

Account. 



62 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



" Enlargement and repair of Leyton Church 

" Paid Mr. Cubit ;f3683 .18.11 

Mr. Shaw 210 • — . — 

Morphett & Son 123 . 9 . — 

Munt 58 . 8 . 4 

Parsingham 28 . 13 . 9 

Turner 7.7.6 

Skelton 3 . 5 . 10 

Moore (Mason) 97 • 7 • — 

Organ 257.10. — 

Mefs. Bosanquet & Co. (Int.) ... 3 . x8 . 2 

Pennyfeather 15 . 18 . — 

WilW- Beard 12 . i . 9 

Do- for Peppercorn's Grave ... 3 . — . — 

Messenger 5 • 5 • — 

To balance 11. 4. — 



Inscription 

setting forth 

work done. 



• 


A521 .7.3 


Subscriptions 


£3303 .11.3 


Cash received \ 




from the Churchwarden 




part of a Church 




rate, made for 




the purpose of 


•■ 1217 . 16 . — 


completing the 




repair and 




enlargement of 




the Church 





4521 .7.3 

** The following inscription was ordered to be painted 
on a board in conformity with the resolution of Vestry. 

*^*This Church was repaired and enlarged, by the 
addition of the South Aisle and Vestry room, an Organ 
provided, and walls erected on the South, and part of 
the North side of the Church Yard, in the Year 1822, 
at an expense of ;^452i .7.3 



HISTORY OF LETTON. 



63 



Whereof was raised by Voluntary Sub- 
scription 

By Church Rate 



;^3303 
1217 



II .3 
16.— 



;f452I .7.3 



South Aisle 



" * In conformity with the conditions on which the 

above subscription was contributed and a resolution of ^^^^Z^^^" 

. unappro- 

Vestry, the space of 36 feet 4 inches from East to 



West, and 26 feet 4 inches from North to South, in 
the new South aisle, now fitted up in open seats, is 
hereby declared to be Free and unappropriated for ever.' 

** Resolved — That in conformity with the resolution 
of Vestry on the 7th day of October, 1822, a book 
be immediately provided for registering the right to, 
and the appropriation of the pews in the Church, & 
that this Committee be summoned for Saturday the 
1st May for the arrangement of the same." 

"The Committee appointed to agree with Messrs. 
Cubitts for the necessary repairs of the Church presented 
the following estimate which they recommend the Vestry 
to agree to viz, 

** * Particulars of Works proposed to be done at 
Leyton Church by T. W. & L. Cubitt, Sept. 4th, 1824. 

" * Paint the whole of the outside wood and iron work 
twice in oil and the stucco work on the carcassing above 
the roofs of the aisles in anti-corrosion, paint the new 
doors to the aisles inside, and grain wainscot to match, 
the other painting touch up and make good, a patch of 
plastering under the Corbel at the west end by the boys 
gallery — ^make good the discoloured parts throughout the 
inside of the Church to match that which is perfect. 
Put in a ventilator to the window of the boys gallery and 



priated. 



Appfopfia- 

iion of Pews 

to he 

registered. 



1824. 

Sept. 6th. 

Painting and 

necessary 

repairs. 



64 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1834. 

yuly I St. 

Batten S* 

slate the 

South Side. 



1836. 

Aug. 2nd. 

Cupola to be 

painted. 

1838. 

yuly i^th. 

Rural Dean 

thinks 

Church 

should be 

cleaned. 



1884. 

Western 

Door and 

Baptistery. 



also to the window of the east gallery, make good all the 
defects to the doors and windows arising from the 
shrinking &c., reverse the hanging of the doors at the 
south east entrance to make the approach to the gallery 
stairs more convenient — alter the doors leading from the 
lobby to the church, and make them swing so as to 
prevent their rattling and put a square of glass in each 
door. Fix another grate to the cesspool of the gutter on 
the north side as an additional security against the wet 
getting in from the accumulation of leaves. The whole 
of the foregoing work is estimated at Fifty three pounds 
ten shillings.' " 

" The Churchwardens and Mr. Hall reported that they 
have agreed with Messrs. J. & W. Scarlett of Leyton- 
stone carpenters 'and Mr. Kinghorn to batten and slate 
the south side of the upper part of the outside of the 
Church." 

** It having been reported that it was six years since the 
Cupola of the clock on the Church had been painted the 
Churchwardens were requested to attend to it and order 
the same to be done forthwith." 

"It being reported to this vestry by the Vicar and 
Churchwardens upon the representation of the Rural 
Dean that the Church should be cleaned and colored. 

** Ordered 

**That the Parish Officers and J. Pardoe and W"*- Hall 
Esq"- be a committee to carry the necessary work into 
effect." 

This year *' A handsome new door of solid oak was 
inserted in the western wall of the Parish Church, and a 
convenient Baptistery was made in the south-west 
comer." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



65 



-Inscribed " Leyton Parish 1794.'* 



" Our good old Organ was remodelled, enlarged, and 
fitted with recent improvements, and was formally opened 
on Whitsunday, 1885." 

The work was carried out by Messrs. Bishop & Son 
at an expense of {/2.^o. 

The Parish Church ** was renovated" this year at a 
cost of ^^641 135. 3^. 

The Communion plate now in use is as follows : — 

I Plate •... Inscribed ** Leyton Church given 

by William Dunster, Church 

Warden 1733." 

I Chalice .... Inscribed ** The gift of Francis 

Creuze of Laytonstone 1775." 

I Flagon 

1 Chalice 

2 Small Patens 
I Large Plate, 
4 Large Plates, Inscribed *' A Bequest by Mrs. 

A. H. M. Daubuz. For the use 
of the Church of the Parish of 
Le3rton Essex. 1836." 
I Brass Plate .... Inscribed " St. Mary's Leyton 
Essex, Easter 1884." 

DISTRICT PARISHES. 
The following District Parishes have been formed 
from the Old Mother Parish of Leyton ; and, with the 
exception of St. John the Baptist, Leytonstone, a 
short account is given of their respective Churches : — 

All Saints', Leyton ; 
Holy Trinity, Harrow Green ; 
St. Andrew's, Leytonstone ; 
St. Catherine's, Leytonstone. 



1885. 

Organ 
remodelled. 



1889. 

Church 

renovated. 

1893. 

Communion 

Plate. 



66 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1864. 

yan. Sth. 

Mr. Warner 

offers a site. 



A Church 
desirable. 



No Church 

rate to be 

made. 



A Committee 
formed. 



All Saints', Letton. 

At a Vestry Meeting held January 4, 1864, "the 
Chairman having acquainted the Meeting with the offer 
of a site that had been made by Edward Warner Esq 
and announced the amount of Subscriptions that had 
been already promised : 

" It is moved by Mr. Pardoe that in consequence of 
the increasing Population of the Parish it is desirable 
that a Chapel of Ease be erected on the site offered by 
Edward Warner Esq which is seconded by Mr. Biggs 
and on being put to the Meeting is carried unani- 
mously. 

" Mr. Clarke moved that this Meeting agrees to the 
erection of the proposed Chapel of Ease with the distinct 
assurance of the promoters and the ratepayers present 
consenting thereto that they will not by any act or 
concurrence of theirs attempt to make a Church rate 
for the maintenance of the Fabric or its attendant 
expenses which is seconded by Mr. Biggs and on being 
put to the meeting is carried unanimously. 

" Mr. Clarke proposes that the following Gentlemen 
with power to add to their number be appointed as 
the Committee, viz : — 

" Rev. John Pardoe Vicar Edward Masterman Esq. 
James Eraser Esq.^(;^^^^^. John Tyler Esq. 
Dr. Joseph Aldom \ wardens William Hardcastle Esq. 
Rev. W. H. Vernon Robert J. Hendrie Esq. 

John Pardoe Esq George Copeland Capper Esq 

Edward Hibbert Esq. George Cunnew Esq." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



67 



" All Saints' Church was built in the year 1864 
by Mr. Ennor, under the superintendence of Mr. 
Wigginton, architect, and was consecrated January 
i8th, 1865, by the Bishop of London, in whose diocese 
Leyton was at that time. The land on which the Church 
is situated was given by the late E. Warner, Esq., M.P. 
The total cost, including the contract price of ;^2,400 for 
the building, together with fittings, furniture, fencing 
and fees, amounted to £2^goy 3s. 3^." In 1884 the roof, 
being found defective, was taken off, and almost entirely 
relaid at a cost of ;^I79. At this time, also, the present 
reredos of Caen stone and alabaster was placed in the 
Chancel, as a memorial to the late Major George Capper, 
by members of his family. On August loth the Church 
was re-opened, and the reredos dedicated by the 
Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Colchester. 

" In the year 1879, Dr. Brewster, in the * Leyton 
Blue Book,' brought forward the subject of the 
separation of All Saints', and stated that application had 
been made to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for a 
grant and the assignment of a separate district to 
All Saints' Church, and that it was hoped this 
application would meet with a favourable response next 
year." Various difficulties, however, prevented this being 
carried out, and it was not until January 22nd, 1886, that 
the London Gazette ^ No. 25,551, p. 321, announced that 
this long-sought object had been attained by an Order 
of Her Majesty in Council, at Osborne House, three 
days previously. 

"Owing to the generosity of Mr. Hibbert in 
providing funds for a Parsonage House, the 
Ecclesiastical Commissioners have endowed All 



1865. 
yan. i8^A. 

Church 
Consecrate. 



1 886, 

yan. 22nd. 

All Saints' 

a separate 

Parish, 



68 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Curates in 

Charge, 



The first 
Vicar, 

Parsonage. 



Saints' with /"is per annum, which together with 
the interest on some of the money given by Mr. 
Hibbert, amounts to £^^ a year. 

** Immediately the parish was divided, application 
was made to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for an 
endowment from their common fund on the score of 
population. In their reply the Ecclesiastical Com- 
missioners stated that though AH Saints' was eligible the 
funds at their disposal would not allow of any grant 
being made for several years, and that probably no 
further grant towards the endowment would be made 
until the year 1890." The total endowment of All 
Saints' now (1892) is — Queen Ann's Bounty, ;^I2; 
Ecclesiastical Commissioners, ;^2ii. In addition to 
this, income is derived from Seat Rents, which of course 
are variable. 

The following are the names of those Curates 
who have had charge of All Saints' since its formation 
into a separate district : — 

Rev. James Edmund Vernon 1863-7 

Rev. Robert Macleod Hawkins .... 1867-72 

Rev. J. M. Arnold, D.D. 1871 

Rev. Matthew Benjamin Reed Lucas 1874-8 

Rev. E. W. Robinson 1878-9 

Rev. William Tyndale HoUins .... 1880 

Rev. Edward Sutherland Kingdom .... 1881-2 

Rev. Charles Edmunds 1882-6 

Vicar : 
Rev. Charles Edmunds, M.A 1886 

The Memorial Stone was laid by Mr. G. Hibbert at 
a short Dedicatory Service, on Saturday, June 12th, 1886. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



69 



The house was finished the following autumn, and Mr. 
and Mrs. Edmunds with their family became the 
first occupants, before the ensuing Christmas. 

The fund for this building was started on the Sunday 
School Centenary Sunday (July 4th, 1880). . . . The 
following spring, a Committee of Ways and Means was 
formed, and its early efforts were greatly encouraged by 
the offer of ground and considerable other donations 
from Mr. Hibbert and Dr. Brewster. 

In September, 1882, a site was obtained, and the first 
sods were turned on the 25th by the Rev. J. Lunt, 
Rev. C. Edmunds, Rev. Ireland- J ones, and Rev. 
Morgan Gilbert. 

On October 23rd, 1882, four Memorial Stones were laid 
by Miss Hibbert, Miss Sarah Hibbert, Mrs. Lunt, and 
Mrs. Edmunds, whose initials are engraved on their 
respective stones. On July 2nd, 1883, the Schools were 
formally opened by the Bishop (Dr. Claughton) after a 
preliminary service in All Saints' Church. 

The building was designed by Mr. Richard Creed, 
F.R.I. B.A.; and built by Mr. David Sayer. The 
cost, including Site, Furniture, etc., was f/zfi^z 105. td. 
There is accommodation for 600 children. 

Holy Trinity, Harrow Green. 
This parish, constituted by an Order in Council in 
1879, is formed of outlying parts of Ley ton, Leytonstone, 
Wanstead, and West Ham. 

In 1874, through the initiation of the Rev. W. J. 
Bettison, Vicar of Leytonstone, and the Rev. G. S. 
Fitzgerald, Rector of Wanstead, an iron Church was 



All Saints* 
Sunday 
School. 



Committee 
formed. 



70 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Consecrated, 



Early 

English 

Style. 



erected, and a Mission Clergymam, Rev. H. J- 
Battiscombe, appointed. Shortly afterwards the following 
Committee was formed for the purpose of building a 
permanent Church : — 

Rev. W. J. Bettison, Vicar of Leytonstone, Chairman. 

Rev. G. S. Fitzgerald, Rector of Wanstead. 

Rev. E. J. Brewster, Vicar of Leyton. 

Rev. H. J. Battiscombe (First Vicar). 



Mr. H. Tyler 
„ H. Woods 
,, L. Wrightson 
R. Wragg 



>) 



Trustees. 



Mr. Edw. Absolom, Jr. 
,, John Burrows 
„ W. D. Collins 
,, H. Davis 

,, J. Simonds 

Mr. H. Masterman 
Mr. D. T. Morgan 
The present Vicar is the Rev. C. H. Rogers. 

In the course of two years ;^6,ooo was collected, and 
on the gth of July, 1878, the Church was consecrated 
by Dr. Claughton, Bishop of St. Albans, and dedicated 
to the Holy Trinity. By further subscriptions, and a 
surrender of some of the revenues of Wanstead Rectory, 
together with a grant from the Ecclesiastical Com- 
missioners, an Endowment of ;^3oo per annum was 
secured to the Living. A commodious Parsonage was 
next built, costing ;^2,ooo ; and a Parish Room, with two 
Class Rooms, at a cost of about ^^2,200; all being 
designed by Mr. J. T. Bressey, of Wanstead. 

The Church, consisting of nave and aisles, with 
chancel, elevated six steps, is lofty, and after the Early 
English style. The nave has a finely timbered open 
roof. The chancel roof was originally of plain panelled 
boarding, but since the restoration after the fire in 
January, 1892, this has been beautifully painted, the 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



71 



work of Messrs. Haywards, of Newgate Street. The 
detail is admirable, and the design is concentrated in the 
apse. At the apex a dove is depicted descending amidst 
golden rays, and the panels beneath are occupied with 
suitable emblems. The Church has 800 seats, all free 
and open. There is a fine Organ — cost ;^5oo. 

A fine oak Chancel Screen of Late Perpendicular style 
has been erected by subscription in memory of Mr. D. 
T. Morgan, a great benefactor of the parish. The Font 
was the gift of Mr. Richard Foster ; and the Lectern, an 
eagle, a fine specimen of oak carving, was given by Mr. 
G. Absolom, in memory of his father. 

The Altar was presented by the Rev. W. H. Higgs, 
a former curate, in memory of his parents. It is of oak. 
Late Perpendicular, finely carved, the panels backed with 
walnut, the cornice adorned with vine leaves and the 
emblems of the Passion, deeply cut. 

The population of this district has probably almost a 
unique history for rapidity of increase. At the time of 
erecting the iron Church, in 1876, the population was 
estimated at 3,000. Five years later, at the census in 
1881, the number recorded was 7,200 ; but at the census 
of 1891 it was found that the population had more than 
quadrupled, giving a total of over 29,000 souls within the 
boundary of the parish. 

For several years Mission Clergymen, notably the 
Rev. E. Sant and Rev. P. Barnes, who followed Rev. E. 
Wand and Rev. Canon Floyd respectively, with the 
temporary iron Churches of St. Margaret's and St. 
Columba, have had charge of large sections of the 
population. One of these districts, St. Margaret's, 
Rev. E. Sant, has lately had the permanent Church 



Chancel 
Screen. 



Rapid 
growth of 
population. 



72 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



St. 
Margaret's, 



Memorial 
Stone* 



Consecrated. 



Style. 



Nave and 

West Front 

completed. 



Memorial 
Stone. 



erected, a building of large size and fine proportions, and 
the district has been constituted a parish by Order in 
Council. A further iron Church — St. Alban's, under the 
charge of Rev. F. Leader Chapman — ^was opened in 
December, 1892, for the dense population on the Leyton 
Road and the west side of the Wanstead Slip. 

St. Andrew's, Leytonstone. 

From 1880 to 1885, there was an Iron Church only 
for this district, which was served by the clergy from 
St. John's. The Memorial Stone of the permanent 
Church was laid June i8th, 1886, by H.R.H.The Duke of 
Connaught. A Times newspaper and an account of the 
building of the Church was placed in the stone ; rapid 
progress was made, and on April 30th, 1887, the Church 
was consecrated by Dr. Claughton, then Bishop of the 
Diocese. The Church is of the Early English Style of 
architecture, and was designed by Sir Arthur Bloomfield 
& Sons, and built by Messrs. Woodward & Wilson, of 
London. 

The Order in Council constituting the District an 
independent parish was made December 29th, 1887, and 
gazetted January 3rd, 1888. 

The Nave and West Front were completed in 1893, 
and consecrated by the Bishop of St. Albans on 
Maunday Thursday, March 30th. The total cost of the 
Church was ;^9,35o, exclusive of the site, which was 
presented by the Cotton family. 

St. Catherine's, Hainault Road, Leytonstone. 

The Memorial Stone of this Church lies ** at the north- 
east corner of the building ; it is 2-ft. 6-in. by 2-ft. by 
i-ft. 6-in., and weighs about half-a-ton. Two of the 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 73 

faces are worked to design and the front has the 
following inscription : — * This stone was laid by George 
Hibbert, Esq., April 29th, anno domini, 1893. Richard 
Creed, Architect.' 

" Under the stone was placed a hermetically sealed 
bottle, containing a parchment with the following 
inscription :— ' St. Catherine's Church, Leytonstone. 
In the faith of Jesus Christ, this slone was laid in the 
name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy 
Ghost. Amen. On Saturday, the 29th day of April, 
1893, by George Hibbert, Esq. Rev. W. T. H. Wilson, 
Vicar of Leyton; Rev. J. Kennedy, Vicar Designate; 
Richard Creed, Architect ; S. C. Parmenter, Builder.' 

" A copy of the Times newspaper was also enclosed, 
and a cabinet photograph of Mr. Hibbert." 

The Church was consecrated by the Lord Bishop of Consecrated. 
St. Albans on St. Catherine's Day, November 25th, 1893. 

Nonconformist Chapels. 

Through the courtesy of the Ministers connected with 
the after-mentioned Chapels, the following short account 
of the progress of Nonconformity within the bounds of 
the old parish is added. I should gladly have made it 
more complete, but several to whom I applied did not 
answer my application : — 

Wesleyanism seems to have been introduced WesUyan 
into Leyton in 1770, by a Mrs. Till, although, previous ^ "^ ' 
to this, visits are said to have been made from the 
London Circuit. They appear to have been much 
opposed,* as is evidenced by records in the Vestry 
Minutes. The Congregationalists of Marsh Street, 

• See Chapter " Parish Diary." 



74 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Walthamstow, lent an old Chapel, in which the 
Methodists worshipped for forty years. In 1791 the 
conversion of Mr. and Mrs. Pocock added an impetus 
to the movement, which was felt for forty years. One 
of their sons, Mr. W. F. Pocock, gave land for a Chapel 
at Chapel Yard, which was used by the United 
Christian Brotherhood of Methodists and the Inde- 
pendents till 181 2, when the Methodists occupied it 
themselves till 1822. Love feasts were held for some 
time on Easter Tuesdays, which caused the day to be 
popularly known as " Bun-and- water-day." 

In 1822 the old Chapel was pulled down and another 
built, which was opened in 1823 by the late Peter 
McCowen. In twenty years this again proved too small, 
and a third Chapel was built, and opened on June 
26th, 1843, by Rev. F. J. (afterwards Dr.) Jobson. 

In 1848-9 the Rev. W. Burnett was expelled from 
the office of Pastor, and was succeeded by the Rev. 
James Kendall. 

The Leyton Circuit included — Leyton and Leyton- 
stone, Ilford and Chadwell Heath, Woodford Bridge 
and Chigwell, Waltham Abbey and Cheshunt. 
Among the Pastors have been — 
Ambrose Freeman, 
Isaac Broderick, 
Richard Gowar, 
Robert Fisher, 
Richard Eland, 
Robert Coleman, 
John Knowles, 
Joseph Walker, 
Henry Badger. 
Leyton is now in the Clapton Circuit. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



75 



The Congregational Chapel at Leytonstone began 
with a small preaching Station, started and sus- 
tained by the Nonconformist College at Hackney. 
In 1827 a small building was erected in the High 
Street, which was subsequently enlarged so as to 
accommodate about 200 persons, and was used for 
public worship till 1873, when an iron building was 
erected in the High Road to hold 400. 

In 1878 the present building, providing seats for 
800, was put up, at a cost of about ;^io,ooo. The 
Sunday Schools were built in 1885, costing, with 
caretaker's house attached, ;^3,ooo. 

In 1888 the Church was renovated, and the 
number of seats increased to 1,000, by adding the 
side galleries ; thus completing the original design of 
the architect. 

The following are the Ministers who have been in 
charge since 1867: — 

Rev. J. E. Turner 1867 

Rev. C. Stokes Carey 1871 

Rev. J. Brierley, B.A 1876 

Rev. R. H. Lovell 1880 

Rev. W. Pierce 1882 

Rev. Colmer B. Symes, B.A 1887 

The Primitive Methodists purchased in 1868 a 
freehold site in the Wilmot Road from the British 
Land Company, and erected, at a cost of ;^433, a 
small School Chapel, capable of holding 85 persons. 

For several years Leyton formed a part of the 
Stratford Circuit, but was made a branch in 1885, 
and an independent Circuit in 1887. 

In 1883 the Iron Church at the corner of the 
Etchingham and Leyton Roads was erected, at a cost 



Congrega- 
tional 
Chapelf 

Leytonstone. 



Primitive 

Methodist 

Chapel, 

Leyton. 



76 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

of ;^6i2. Here services were held conjointly with those 
at Wilmot Road, until 1892, when a chapel, capable 
of holding 500 persons, was erected on a site facing 
the High Road, Leyton, and the two societies were 
joined as one Church. The Memorial Stones were 
laid November 3rd, 1892, and the Chapel opened for 
worship March i6th, 1893, by the Rev. James Travis, 
President of the Primitive Methodist Conference. The 
cost, including site and temporary School premises, 
was ;^2,400. 

The following are the Ministers who have laboured 
in this locality : — 
Rev. G. Austin. 
Rev. James Symonds. 
Rev. John Rackham. 
Rev. Henry Clark. 
Rev. H. J. Stanton. 
Rev. Alfred Ives. 
Rev. F. W. Wilkinson, being the present Minister. 

Baptist The Baptist Chapel and Sunday Schools, Vicarage 

Chapel, Road, Ley ton, were erected in 1876, on a site pre- 

^^^ ' sented by the Rev. E. J. Farley, through whose 

instrumentality the Church originated. The total cost 

was ;^3,5oo, towards which the London Baptist 

Association contributed ;^i,050. 

The Rev. J. S. Morris was chosen as the first 
Minister, and continued until January, 1890, when he 
accepted the appointment of Principal of Dr. Gratton 
Guinness's College for the training of Missionaries. 
He was succeeded by the present Pastor, the Rev. 
G. T. Bailey, formerly of Waslingden, Manchester. 



CHAPTER III. 



Zhc Cburcbi^arb. 



No old Tombstones— Elizabeth Hickes— Henry More— Thomas Blayden— 
William O'Bryan — Abraham Purcas — ^Joseph Markby — Need of Enlargement- 
Col. Gansell ready to oblige the Parish — Land bought —Land prepared — Site 
of Workhouse added, and Vestry Room built — Tenders — ^Land added in East 
side.— Deposit paid— Land on North side to be purchased — Purchase agreed to 
—Expense of enclosure and Consecration — Charged on Church Rates— Empowered 
to borrow ;f 700— Enclosed with a Brick Wall. 




JHOUGH the Churchyard is by no means a 
large one, it is yet much larger than it was, 
having been added to from time to time. It 
is doubtless this necessity for enlargement 
that has robbed it of any really old tomb stones, all that 
remain being comparatively modern, and not of any 
remarkable interest. 

The earliest date seems to be 1705. It is on the tomb 
of Elizabeth, wife of Sir Harry Hickes. A more modern 
but more interesting one is to Capt. Henry More, 1773, 
who was descended in direct Hne, by second marriage, 
from Sir John, father of the celebrated Sir Thomas More. 
Another inscription is to Thomas Blayden, of Glaston- 
bury Abbey, late Governor of Maryland, 1780. 



No old Tomb 
Stones, 



1705- 

Elizabeth 

Hickes. 

1773. 

Henry More 



1780. 
Thomas 
Blayden, 



78 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

William The following may not be without interest : — 

°'^'^''^- " Here lyeth 

the Body of M' 

William O'Bryan 

who departed this 

Life May y* 5* 1733 

in the 87 year of his 

age. 
He served the Crown 

of England 
in the Army six years." 

Abraham '* Within this Vault 

^^^^^^ Are deposited the remains 

of M' Abraham Purcas 

of London Merchant. 

Who departed this life on the 22 day of June 1750 

In the 61'' Year of his age. 

He lived 

in the Constant Practice of All the Christian Virtues 

and died 
In full assurance of the reward of them." 

Joseph "To the Memory of 

^^''%- M' Joseph Markby 

who departed this life on 

the 8^** day of March 1823 

aged 72 Years. 

He collected the rates of this 

Parish for the long period of 

Thirty five Years, And was like 

wise Master of the Workhouse 

during Ten Years of the said time. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



79 



A Man of Classic acquirements 

but of modest & unassuming 

demeanour, a cheerful com 

panion and sincere Friend 

He was an Honest Man the 

Noblest work of God." 

The following extracts from Vestry Minutes will 
show how the Churchyard was enlarged. The earliest 
reference to it being — 

*• The necessity of enlarging the churchyard having 
been declared by this Vestry, the gentlemen present came 
to the following resolutions, viz. : — To take in a piece 
of the garden ground belonging to the Workhouse, not 
less than 80 feet in length, & the whole width for 
the enlargement of the Churchyard. To desire Mr. 
James to wait upon Colonel Gansell to know whether 
he will be pleased to make the house & ground 
belonging to the Workhouse a freehold to the parish, 
& upon what terms, and report his answer to the 
next Vestry." 

Col. Gansell returned, through Mr. James, the fol- 
lowing answer : — ** That he should be extremely ready 
to oblige the Parish, but before he gave his Con- 
sent, he should take an opportunity shortly to come 
down to see the place." 

I have not been able to discover whether any- 
thing further was done. 

" Notice having been taken at this Vestry that the 
Churchyard has become insufficient Xo answer the 
purpose of the many Burials that are to be made 
in it and this Vestry being informed that David 



1762. 
Oct. iSth. 

Need of 
EnlargemetU 



1762. 

Nov. ist. 

Col. Gansell 

ready to 

oblige the 

Parish, 



1797. 

June 12th, 

Land 

bought. 



8o 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1798. 
April 2nd. 

Land 
pfcpared. 



1843. 
August 
Soth. 
Site of the 
late Work- 
house to be 
added, and a 
Vestry Room 
built. 



1843. 

Sept. Bth. 

Tenders for 

same. 



Jebb Esqr. is possessed of a small piece of ground 
containing about one Rood of Land on wfiich 5 
cottages are erected which lies adjoining the Church- 
yard and which he has offered to sell to the Parish 
for the sum of ;fi50. The Minister and Churchwardens 
are hereby requested to agree with Mr. Jebb for the 
purchase to be completed at Michaelmas next & to 
cause the same at a proper time to be laid with the 
Churchyard & to apply for its being duly consecrated.'* 

*' Ordered that the three Cottages uninhabited 
standing on the Ground lately purchased by the Parish 
from Mr. Jebb be taken down & the Ground levelled 
& Mr. Pocock to have the Materials, he taking upon 
himself all charges of taking them down & levelling 
the Ground and giving the Parish a Plan of the above 
Ground with admeasurements proper to be laid before 
the Bishop previous to Consecration." 

** The Notice convening this Vestry was read. 

" A plan was produced, as prepared by Mr. Mason, 
for enlarging the Church Yard of this parish by 
enclosing the site of the late Workhouse therein, — 
also, for converting a building thereon into a Vestry 
room — ^whereupon — 

*' It was resolved unanimously : 

*' That the same be approved and adopted by this 
Vestiy." 

"The following tenders were received for per- 
formance of the several works ordered at the last 
Vestry for enlargement of the Church Yard, and 
fitting up of a Vestry room viz. — 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



8l 



VI r 


v^nanes i^arsiugnam ii 


H 'Z bu 


& 153 . 10 


.-232. 7.— 


»» 


John Marshall 


f> 


6i . 10 


— 190 . lO . — 








129 . — 


>i 


Frederick Wildsmith 


>> 


62 . 2 


— 1228 . 13 . — 








166 . II 


f> 


William Munt 


»> 


105 . — 


— 237- — •~- 








132.— 


19 


D. Morphett 


99 


79- — 


. - 257.— .— 








178 .— 


19 


B. Arber 


99 


75.- 


— J 262 . — . — 








187 . - . 



" It was thereupon resolved, That the tender of 
Mr. John Marshall, (figo. 10 o) for performance of 
the whole of the works be accepted, being the lowest 
offer. 

** Mr. Marshall having been called in, stated that 
he had made a mistake in his calculation, & therefore 
declined to take the contract ; — ^whereupon the other 
tenders were again taken into consideration and it was 
resolved, That the tender of Mr. William Munt be 
accepted. 

'* The Chairman stating that it having been con- 
sidered by himself and several of the Parishioners to 
whom he had spoken desirable for the Parish to pur- 
chase the piece of Freehold Land lying on the East 
side of the Churchyard and described as Lot 13 on 
the plan of a portion of the Grange Park Estate 
which was offered for sale by auction on the 26th 
November last for the purpose of adding same to the 
Churchyard and the Vestry Clerk stating that he had 
attended the Sale when the piece of Land in question 



i860. 

Dec. ytk 

Land on the 

East side to 

hepufchased. 



82 



.HISTORy OF XEYTON. 



1861. 
June iith. 
Deposit of 
£12 paid. 



Land on 
North side 

to be 
purchased. 



1861. 

yune 2yth. 

Purchase 

agreed to. 



was bought in and that the Auctioneer had informed 
him that the price required by the Vendor was ;^i6o 
but that he the Auctioneer was open to an offer : 

" It is moved by Mr. Churchwarden Hibbert 
seconded by Mr. Reynolds and resolved that the sum 
of ;^I20 be offered for the piece of Land. 

''The Vestry Clerk laid before the Vestry the 
Contract he had received from The Secretary of The 
British Land Society for the sale to the Parish of 
the Piece of Land on the East side of the Church- 
yard which Mr. Churchwarden Hibbert was requested 
and consented to sign on behalf of the Parish and to 
pay the Deposit of ;fi2. 

"The Vestry proceeding to consider whether it 
would be expedient for the Parish to purchase a piece 
of Freehold Ground lying on the North side of the 
Churchyard in addition to the piece lying on the East 
side thereof already agreed to be purchased, and Mr. 
Reynolds having informed the Vestry for what amount 
the same might be purchased : It is moved by Mr. 
Tyler and seconded by Mr. Reynolds that it is expedient 
for the Parish to purchase the same which is carried 
unanimously. 

" Mr. Reynolds then informed the Vestry that he 

had agreed with Mr. Graham for the purchase of Lot 

14 for ;^70 with Mr. Blackburn for the purchase of 

Lots 15 and 16 for ;^ii3 and with Mrs. Marsh for the 

purchase of Lot 17 for £6^. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



83 



''The Vestry Clerk then stated that the Land 
agreed to be purchased measured rather over half an 
acre and read the estimates he had obtained of the 
probable expense of the Enclosure and stated that the 
probable expense of Consecration Fees Law Expenses 
&c. would amount to £3^4. 

*' That the sum of ^^284 for the estimated cost of 
the Enclosure and the sum of £50 for the Consecration 
Fees and Law Expenses should be in like manner 
charged on the Church Rates. 

''It is moved by Mr. Jenkinson seconded by Mr. 
Penn and unanimously resolved that the Churchwardens 
be empowered to borrow the sum of ;f7oo on the 
Security of the rates of the Parish to be repaid in 10 
Annual Instalments with Interest. 

" The Committee to whom it was referred by the 
General Vestry holden on the 27 June last to consider 
as to the best mode of enclosing the Ground purchased 
for the enlargement of the Parish Burial Ground and 
to obtain tenders for the work reported that they 
having come to the determination that the Ground 
should be enclosed with a Brick Wall they called 
in Mr. D. A. Cobbett of Leytonstone Architect and 
Surveyor who prepared a Plan of the proposed Wall with 
a specification of the work which had been submitted 
to and approved by the Committee and that tenders 
had been invited from Mr. John Perry and Mr. Alfred 
Reed of Leyton Mr. William Arber of Leytonstone 
and Messrs. Pritchard & Son and Messrs Ashby & 
Horner of London that Mr. Willam Arber Messrs 
Pritchard & Son Mr. John Perry and Mr. Alfred 



Expense of 

Enclosure 

and 

Consecration. 



Charged on 
Church 
Rates. 



Empowered 
to borrow 



1862. 
February 

7,\st. 

To he 
enclosed with 
a brick wall. 



84 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Reed had sent in tenders which were opened by 
the Committee and were as follows viz William Arber 
;f2i7 Messrs Pritchard & Son £ig^ John Perry ;fi95 
and Alfred Reed £17 S whereupon It is moved by 
Mr. Churchwarden Hibbert seconded by Mr. Pardoe 
and resolved that the report of the Committee be 
approved and adopted and that the Tender of Mr. 
Alfred Reed be accepted." 







CHAPTER IV. 



Zhe IDicaw. 

Introduction of Christianity into Essex — Saxon invasion— Reintroduction by 

Augustine — More Missionaries — •• Sigebert the Good " — Cedd's Missionary 

labours — A "priest" in residence — Rectores — Autographs. 




N an old Parish like Leyton, where not only 
the Church, but the Vicars, in direct 
succession carry us backward for centuries, 
the question must often arise : — Is it possible 
to trace any connection of our parish with the Chris- 
tianity introduced into the country in early days ? 
I think it is possible, without any very great call upon 
the imagination, to show a connection with the early 
missionary efforts among the Saxons, and I therefore 
venture to append, as a kind of introduction to this 
chapter, the following brief account of the bringing of 
the Gospel to our land by the Great Augustine. 

When, and how, was Christianity introduced into 
Britain ? are questions impossible to answer with cer- 
tainty, but it is probable that it came through Gaul 



Introduction 

Christianity 
into Essex. 



86 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Saxon 
Invasion. 



Reintroduc- 

tion by 
Augustine. 



just before or after the persecution at Lyons and 
Vienne in a.d. 177, and that the Church thus formed 
was confined mainly to the Roman residents, and 
Romanised natives ; it probably did not strike its roots 
very deep, notwithstanding that at least three British 
Bishops attended the Council of Aries in 314. 

Whatever hold it had, however, the inrush of Saxon 
heathenism fairly beat it down in the south at least, 
and what did survive was pushed, with the Britons, far 
westward. Through the very wordy accounts of those 
days we cannot fail to see a terrible picture of flashing 
swords and crackling flame; of ruined walls, fallen 
towers, altars shattered, bishops, priests, and people 
slain in the streets and left without burial ; of the 
miserable remnant slain in the mountains or selling 
themselves as slaves to the invaders, flying beyond 
sea, or finding a precarious shelter in the forests. 
The Saxon conquerors who thus overran the land 
were every one bound by habit and tradition to the 
old Teutonic Paganism, and it is not wonderful that 
under such conditions the Religion of the Cross was 
well-nigh extinguished. 

The reintroduction of Christianity into Essex — 
however it may have been as regards the northern 
parts of the country — ^was due to the mission of 
Augustine, sent here by Gregory in 596. The possi- 
bility, however, of this mission influencing our own 
particular parish will be better seen by devoting a few 
minutes to consideration of the establishment of the 
ancient kingdom of East-Sexe, or Essex. 

The fourth settlement of German invaders who 
came here in 524 were Saxons, and founded the 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 87 

kingdom ol the East-Sexe or Essex, to which the 
Middle-Sex or Middlesex belonged, with London as 
capital. Ercemvius or Erkinwine was the first King 
of Essex about 526-530 ; but his son Sleada, who married 
a daughter of Ethelbert, King of the Jutish Kingdom 
of Kent, appears as a subject of his father-in-law ; and 
it is probable that Essex, though styled a kingdom, 
was always more or less subject to neighbouring kings. 

Ethelbert had married Bertha, daughter of a former 
Prankish King, Charibert, of Paris, on the condition 
that she should be free to worship as a Christian under 
the guidance of a Prankish Bishop Liudhard, who 
accompanied her; he never interfered with his wife 
as regarded her Christian duties, and doubtless her 
influence disposed him towards that truly sincere and 
liberal spirit with which he received Augustine in 597, 
and enabled him later still with genuine earnestness 
and sincerity to accept Christian baptism, with his 
triple confession, ** I believe." 

In the following year, 598, Augustine sent two More 
messengers — Laurence, a priest, and Peter, a monk — to Missionaries. 
Rome, for instructions on some points on which he 
was in doubt, and to ask for a reinforcement of men 
to help him in his work. Four men were chosen and 
sent by Gregory — Mellitus, Justus, Paulinus, and 
Rufinianus; they arrived about 601, completing the 
staff of the mission, and opening a new chapter in the 
history of the newly-formed Church. 

Sigebert L, or Sabert, the nephew of Ethelbert, 
was now King of the East-Sexe (Essex), and this seeming 
to Augustine to afford an opportunity of sending the 
Gospel to them, he accordingl)^ dispatched Mellitus to 



88 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Mellitus, 
Bishop of 
London. 



" Sigeberi 
the Good:* 



Cedd's 

Missionary 

labours. 



London, the capital of the kingdom, where his efforts 
were so far successful that he was the means of con- 
verting the King. Considerable progress seems to have 
been made, for in the year 604 Mellitus was consecrated 
Bishop of London, and about the same time Ethelbert 
and Sabert were occupied together in building a church 
on the site of the present St. Paul's. 

When Augustine consecrated Mellitus. one can 
easily imagine how greatly encouraged he would be, 
and the hopes he would indulge of successful mission 
work. They were, however, not to be speedily realised, 
for in no part of England was there such tenacity of 
heathenism, or so much resistance to the new faith as 
in London and Essex. In 616 Sigebert died, and was 
succeeded by his three sons, who in his lifetime seemed 
to give up a little of their idolatry, but now openly 
resumed it. Mellitus was expelled, and, crossing the 
Channel, took up his abode in Gaul, and thus London 
and Essex were for nearly forty years lost to Christianity. 
Three years later, 619, Laurence, Archbishop of Can- 
terbury, died, and was succeeded by Mellitus, who held 
the See till 624, when he also died. 

Thirty-seven years after the expulsion of Mellitus, 
653, ** Sigebert the Good," King of East-Sexe, paid one 
of his frequent visits to Oswy, King of Northumbria, 
whose earnest and Isaiah-like pleadings with him against 
idolatry resulted in his ** assenting to the faith," and 
the baptism, in 653, of himself and the friends who 
had accompanied him. He now desired teachers to 
instruct his people in the new religion, and Oswy 
summoned one Cedd, a priest, from his work among 
the Mid-Angles, and sent him, with another priest, to 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 89 

preach the Gospel in Essex, ** where, having gone 
through all parts^ they gathered together a large Church 
for the Lord. Before long, probably 654, Cedd returned 
to Lindisfarne to converse with Bishop Finan, who, 
on learning how the work of the Gospel had prospered 
with him, made him Bishop for the race of the East 
Saxons. Cedd, returning to his work, carried it on 
with greater energy than before, for Bede tells us " He 
built churches and ordained presbyters and deacons to 
assist him in preaching and baptising, especially in 
that city which is called in the Saxon tongue Ythan- 
caestir, but also in that which is called Tilaburg" 
{i.e.j Tilbury). Thus we have at this early date very 
active missionary operations carried on within a 
measurable distance of our own parish, and when we 
bear in mind that at each of these two places Cedd 
established not only a body of clergy, but also **a 
number of servants of Christy he taught them to keep 
the discipline of the regular life as far as, being yet 
rude, they were able to bear it," also that *' to the 
joy of the King, and to the joy alike of all the people, 
the institution of heavenly life received a daily increase ^''^ 
it is surely not altogether improbable that our own 
parish may have been influenced by this missionary 
zeal, and that from that time to this Christ has had 
here those who preach Him. Cedd died in 664, and 
from that time Bishops of London follow in regular 
succession, and we may fairly assume, not only that 
Christianity was firmly established, but that it 
progressed. In Cedd's missionary circuits, ordaming 
of men, and building of churches, we have the first 
shadowing of the parochial system, and so are not 
surprised to find definite mention in " Doomsday 



90 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



A Priest 
in residence. 



Book " of two ** priests" permanently stationed here in 
the reign of Edward the Confessor, 1042-1066, as also 
at West Ham, in which case even the name is given, 
** Edwin the free priest." The next definite date we 
have is 1182, when **the Churches of West Ham and 
Ley ton" are confirmed to the Abbots of Stratford by 
William de Montefichet. 



In 1327 the first name of a Vicar of Leyton occurs, 
and from that time there is a fairly complete list, 
which is as follows. For it I am chiefly indebted to 
Newcourt, but some of his gaps I have been able to 
fill up from the registers and other sources, as also to 
add many items of information concerning some of 
the Vicars. 



I am under obligation to J. C. Smith, Esq., of 
Somerset House, for kindly allowing me to read his MS. 
notes to Newcourt, a few of which I have, with his 
permission, transferred to these pages. 



Nom: Reg. Libb Rectores 

Bandake ... 65 Ste de Sudbury per 12 Kal Oct : 

1327 
Sudbury ... 85 Will: Hobekyns per 9 Sep: 
1371 
38 Will: Ayleston per 7 Sep: 1385 

per Mort Hobekyns 
46 Will: Leyton 21 Aug: 1386 per 
resig: Ayleston 
Bray broke ... { 83 Will: Machon per 16 Feb: 1390 
172 Rob: Sambome i Ap: 1399 

per resig: Machon 
193 Tho: Walsingham 23 Sep: 1401 
per resig: Sambome 
John Swayne 



> 



Patroni 



a; 



o 



o c 
< ^ 

C/3 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



91 



R. C. Chicheley 
P.L 



Grey 



Kemp 



HiU 



{ 



■< 



Norn: Reg: Libb Rectores Patroni 

28 John Topscroft per 29 Aug: 

1410 per Mort Swayne 
30 Will: Crosse 24 Nov: 1410 per 

resig: Topscroft 
Joh: Godin 
97 Joh: Wych 4 Aug: 1418 per 

resig: Godin 
35 Joh: Bennet 4 July 1420 
39 Joh: Germeyn per 20 Mar: 1430 

per Mort Bennet 
30 Laur: Martyn* per 29 Jan: 

1453 
62 Nic: Wilkokson 2 Jan: 1458 
70 Joh: Tendall per 14 Maii 1460 
79 Joh: Glover per 5 Mar: 1461 

per resig: Tendall 
182 Will: Leghe per 6 Feb: 1480 

per resig: Glover 
189 Joh: Baker per 6 Mai 1482 per 

resig: Leghe 
200 Ric: Pemell per 5 Nov: 1484 
per resig: Baker 
II Ric: Lytton Cap 23 Dec: 1493 

per Mort Pernell 
14 Joh: Hill LB 30 Jul: 1494 per 
Mort Lytton 
Greg: Fermory 
52 Hen: Baxter Cap 19 Sep: 1505 

per resig: Fermory 
54 Rob: Eglesfeld Cap 16 Feb. 
1506 per resig: Baxter 
Geo. Skipworth 
54 Rob: Famell Cap: 27 Nov. 

1 5 14 per resig. Skipworth 
9 Ric: Wolleyt per 29 Apl: 1531 T. Wood 
per Mort Famell Ar. p.h.v. 

* Laar. Martyn Will proved 25th Jaly 1467. 
t Anthony WoUey. of Layton, Will 1550-51, •* has brother Richard Wolley Gierke." 



Fitzjames 
Stokesby 



a> 

s 

M 

a 

ctf 

-a 



C/3 
> 

a 
o 
o 






92 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Nom: Reg: Libb Rectores 

I20 Job: Lythall CI 30 Apl: 1561 
per resig: WoUey at Willowes 



Grindall 



Bancroft 



Laud ... 



135 Geo: Johnson CI 24 Mar: 1564 
per resig: Lythall 

179 Jac: Ballard CI 5 Maii 1575* 

per resig: Johnson 
209 Geo: Aelmert CI 10 June 1583 

Rob: Godfrey! CI 1588 

218 Mic: Hunt§ CI n Nov: 161 7 
per Mort Godfrey 
Benjamin Stone || 1625 
John Haslerir Minister 1628 
Rob: Domvile CI 1630** 

Tho: Lake CI 2 Nov: 1638 per 
Mort Domvile 

Sam: KeeneU S.T.B. 1639 
Sam: Foxy§§ 1644 



Patron i 
£p: Lond: 

per Laps 
Thos White 

Mil: 
et Joanna Ux: 
Ric: Warren 

Ar. 
Ep: Lond: 

per Laps 



Ep: Lond: 



Mariaft Rel: 
Tho: Lake 
Mil. 



* Registers of Marriages. Baptisms, Deaths, commenced this year. 

t His son Henry baptised April 27th, 1584. 

} Married at •• Leighton," Octobsr 27th, 1588, to Blanch Hall. 

§ Children of his were baptised in 1618, 1619, 1623. His son William was buried 

1622; his wife Joyce was buried March 27th, 1620. He married Elizabeth Huth 

August 17th, 1620, and buried her February 21st, 1621. He himself was buried 

September 21st, 1624. 

II His daughter Elizabeth baptised December 12th. 1625. 
II His son Richard baptised March loth, 1628. 
** This date is given on last page of Register A but after a baptism in 1626 is 
the following:^" The first Child that Mr Damvil Chrisen at layton, 1626." 
His wife was buried September 26th, 1628 ; a son, 1643 ; a daughter, 1647. 
According to an old Marriage Licence, Mr. Domville was married Decemb;ir 
ist, 1618 to Mary Chapman, spinster. 

ft Mary, with her sister Susan, inherited the Manor of Ley ton from their father, 
Sir William Ryder, who died in 161 z. 

J{ See Chapter, •* Noted Leytonians." 
§§ He came here from Chingford. His son, Jeremey Foxi, was baptised July 
23rd, 1644. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 93 

Nom: Reg: Libb Rectores Patroni 

Sam: Fletcher 
Hugo Williams* 1647 
Jeremiah Levett 
Phil: AndertonJ. A.M. 1651 

Inducted June 20. 
Joh: Cox 1662 to i669§. 
Joh: Strypell M.A. Catharine Mrs. Swanley & 

Hall, Cambridge 1669 to 1737. others 

John Dubordieuir M.A. Catharine David Gansell 

Hall, Cambridge Jan: 21 1737. 
Thomas Keighley** M.A. St. William Gansell 

Peter's College Cambridge 1754 

July 13 



* Was *' Minister " in 1647. Was sequestered as a Malignant, upon which he 
kept a school in Capworth Street. He is described in last page of Raster A as 
"only an inhabitant sequestered." Children of his were baptised in the years 
1647, 1648, 1651, 1652, and buried 1650, 1655, ^^5^t 1664. ^^ ^1 these he is 
described as " Minister." 

f According to his will 1651, he had property at Temple, in forest of Knares- 
borough, Co. York. In 1650, Jeremiah Levet is returned as "there" (f.f., at 
Leyton) "by order of the Con-mittee for Plundered Ministers." At this date the 
Commissioners appointed to enquire into the state of Ecclesiastical Benefices, 
found by their inquest that the vicarage house at Leyton was in tuin; that the 
whole profits of the benefice, including an acre of glebe, were only £16 per 
annum ; that an augmentation of /60 had been granted by the Committee for 
Plundered Ministers; and that the presentation was in George Swanley and 
others, to whom the rectory is impropriated. 

I He was of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he took the degree of 
Master 1649. He had an augmentation of £$0 yearly allowed him out of certain 
sequestered estates ; but not conforming at the Restoration, he was " outed by the 
Bartholomew Act," and afterwards taught a school in the parish for twelve years 
He died August 27tb, 1669. Children of his were baptised 1656, 1658, 1660, and 
one buried 1661. 

§ When he became Rector of Stappleford Abbots, in Essex. 

II The well-known Historian and Antiquary. He was " Married at Oxen in 
Christ Church, Feb. 7. 1681, to Mrs< Susan Lowe of Oxen Maiden." Children 
were baptised 1685, 1686, 1687; buried 1685, 1691, 1711. . 

If Prebend oi St. Asaph and Vicar of Sabridgeworth. 

** His son baptised April loth, 1760. 



94 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Autographs, 



Nom: Reg: Libb Rectores Patroni 

Thomas Hector* Spurrier LL.B. His Father. 

Worcester College, Oxford 1797 Purchased 

May 26 
Charles Laprimaudayef B.A. 

Christ Church, Oxford 1800- 

1848. 
John Pardoe 1848-1873. 
Edward Jones Brewster* LL.D. 

1 873-1 880 
James Lunt M.A. 1 880-1 892 
William Thomas Henry Wilson § 

M.A. 1892. 

I add the following: an exact copy of the last 
page of Register A. The entries are by different 
hands, and some are undoubtedl)^ autographs: — 
" 1588 Vicars of Low Leyton 



1628. Robert Godfrey James Ballard 
John Hasler Michael Hunt 

Minister 1625 George Ailmer 

Benjamin Stone Rob. Dumvill 
Fletcher Samuel Keme 
1647 Hugh Williams Samuel Foxey 
only an Jeremiah Levet 
inhabitant Philip Anderton 
sequestered 



1575 

1617 bur 1624 

1583 Inducted 

1630 Isdd 

1639 

1644 



1651 
John Cox 1662 
John Strype 1669=68 
yrs minister 
John Dubordieu 1737. 8 
Thomas Keighley 1754 
Thomas Hector Spurrier May 1798 June 
1798^' 

* See chapter *' Noted Leytonians." f Died aged 83. 

\ Formerly Barrister-at-law : Chairman of Quarter Sessions at Melbourne ; 
Member of Legislative Council, N.S.W. 
§ Formerly Officer in the Indian Navy. 




CHAPTER V. 



Zbc Cburcbwarbcna* 

1649— 1893. 




HE following 
Leyton will 
a suitable 

of Leyton : — 

Year 

1649 Moyer 

1650 

1 65 1 James Church 

John Smith 
1 65 2* Dan Andrews 

John Wright 
1653 John Wright 

Rich Boone 



list of the Churchwardens of 
be interesting, and will form 
companion to the Vicars 

Year 

1654 Rich Boone 
tBenj Bond 

1655 Benj Bond 
Laur Moyer 

1656 

JThos Haford gentleman 

1657 Thos Haford 
Joh Wood 

1658 Joh Wood 



* Of Leytonstone, Esq., Alderman. 

t *' He left £5 to the Parish, which was laid out for changing the old Chalice 
for a greater, ann 1670." 

{ Appointed a feoffe for the Almshoose by Mr. Smith, the founder, by his will, 
October 20th, 1853. 



96 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Year 

1659 JohWood 

Tho Hopkins 
1660 

Rob Smith 

1 66 1 Rob Smith 
J as Church 

1662 Nich Church 
J oh Burton 

1663* 

1664 Joh Burgh 
Will Floyd 

i665tWill Floyd 
Rich Hopkins 

1666 Rich Hopkins 
Rob Hadon 

1667 Rob Hadon 
Joh Davissen 

1668 Joh Davissen 

J Rob Baldwine 

1669 Rob Baldwine 
Hen Kearsley 

1670 Hen Kearsley 
J J oh Perrye 

1 67 1 Joh Perrye 
Rob Sheaffield 

1672 Rob Sheaffield 
§ Rob Harvey 



Year 

1673 Rob Harvey 
Gilb Metcalf 

1674 Gilb Metcalfe 

J Will Whiteacre 

1675 Will Whiteacre 
Joh Holmes 

1676 Joh Holmes 

J Will Humphreys 

1677 Will Humphreys 
Hen Sawyer 

1678 Hen Sawyer 
Rich Haywood 

1679 Rich Haywood 
Joh Holmes 

1680 Joh Holmes 

1681 Geo Vaughan 

1682 Rich Sadler 

1683 Joh Sawyer 
J Hen Sayer 

1684 Hen Sayer 
Joh Tabarham 

1685 Joh Tabarham 
II Tho Nash 



* No Churchwarden's accounts entered this year, 
t Was Churchwarden in April and September, 1666. 

I Scrib n pot., U,, Scribere non potuit, not able to write. 
§ Gave, by will, ;^io to the poor, 1695. 

II Scrib npot. In 1694 he left £50 to the poor. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



97 



Year 

1686 The Nash 

♦Rich Hutchinson Esq 

1687 Rich Hutchinson 
Joh Wolfe. 

1688 Joh Wolffe 
Will Church. 

1689 Will Church, 
tjonath Plummer 

1690 Jonath Plummer 
tWill Bull 

1691 Will Bull 

J James Houblon 

1692 John Tabarham 
tWill. Howard. 

1693 Will Howard. 
§Mr. Dalby Thomas. 

1694 Dalby Thomas 
George HockenhuU. 

1695 Geor HockenhuU 
Will Thorowgood. 

1696 Will Thorowgood 
tWill Cross 

1697 II Hen Knight 
IFCapt Pulman 

1698 Harry Knight 
♦♦Edw Darvell 

Sir Rowe Ainsworth Kt 



Year 

1699 Sir Rowe Ainsworth 

Kt. 
Will Wood. 

1700 Will Wood. 
ttTho Jarcock. 

1 70 1 Tho Jarcock. 
t Joseph Creek. 

1702 Joseph Creek 
Jacob Morris 

1703 Jacob Morris 
Edw Darvell. 

1704 Edw Darvell. 
Joh Stayton 

1705 Joh Stayton 
JJLawr Moyer. 

i7o6§§Will Thorowgood 
Joh Davis 

1707 Joh Davis 
Hen Mills 

1708 Hen Mills 
Tho Pierson 

1709 Tho Pierson 
Sam Parker 

i7ioll|lPeter Cartwright 

ITIT David Gansel 
171 1 Tho Pierson 
Tho Smith 



* A Colonel. He lived in Capworth Street. 
I Afterwards Sir James, Knt. and Aldm. 

(John Tabarham bore office for him). 
•• Poor and excused. 
\l Will Thorowgood served for him. 
nil Tho. Pierson serves for him . 



t Scrib n pot. 

II Occ. December and, 1697. 

If Erased. 

ft He kept the Bowling Green. 

§§ For Mr. Moyer. 

HH Will Sayer serves for him. 



II 



98 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Year 

1712 The Smith 
♦Walt Ryan 

1 7 13 Walt Ryan 
Joh Read. 

1714 Joh Read 
fSam Cotton 

1 71 5 Sam Cotton 
JJoh Fisher 

Sir Harry Hickes 

Bart loc Fisher 

1716 Sir Harry Hickes 
tjoh Cookes. 

171 7 Joh Cookes 

f Rob Bowyer. 

i7i8§Rob Bowyer. 

ilWill Watkins 

1719 Benj Skinner 

1720 Benj Skinner 
irSam Remmington 

1 72 1 Rob Snow 
Matt Agas 



Year 

1722 Matt Agas 
**Jam Grammar 

1723 Tho: Gwillim 
ttWill: O'Brian 

1724 Will: •O'Brian 
J J Jam: Bridges 

1725 Jam: Bridges 
§§Joh: TalbriU 

1726 Joh Talbot 
Will Parrott 

1727 Will Parrott 
Adam Holt 

1728 Adam Holt 
Rich Glynne 

1729 Rich Glynne 
IlllPeter Cartwright 

1730 Peter Cartwright 
Joh Ladbrook 

1 73 1 Joh Ladbrook 
Will Fellows 

1732 Will Fellows 
PeregreneBertie 



* Tho. Pierson swom in his stead. 

t Rob. Snow served for him. 

} Excused bearing offices by Act of Parliament. 

§ Rob. Snow served again for him. Appointed Beadle for searching after 
nmates and taking up vagrants, £$ per ann. 

II N. Jacob Morris also served this year. 

^ Mr. Snow serves for Churchwarden for Mr. Remmington, by his order and 
consent of ye parish. 

•• Tho. Gwillim served for him. 

\\ Scrihi^pot. Called sometimes Bryant. Prosecuted 1729 for embezzling the 
Parish money. 

\X He kept the *< Coach and Horses." 
. %% (Talbot) the Smith. |1|| Stephen Woodserved for him. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



99 



Year 

1733 Per Bertie 
Will Dunster 

1734 Will Dunster 
Joh Phillipps 

1735 Joh Phillipps 
Edw HoUoway. 

1736 Edw HoUoway. 

* Ambrose Moore. 

1737 Ambr Moore. 
♦Rich Smith 

1738 Rich Smith 
Steph Skynner. 

1739 Stephen Skynner 
jRich Hoy 

1740 Rich Hoy 
Rene Cottiby 

1 74 1 Rene Cottiby 
Peter Lefebure 

1742 Peter Lefebure 
Sam Bosanquet 

1743 Sam Bosanquet 
Edw Millerd 

1744 Edw Millerd 
Rob Arrowsmith 

1745 Rob Arrowsmith 
Phil Coant 

1746 Phil Coant 
Hill Burton 

1747 John Campe 
JWill Edwards 



Year 

1748 Will Edwards 

1749 Will Johnson 
Jam Henshaw 

1750 Jam Henshaw 
Rich Barwell 

1 75 1 Rich Barwell 

1752 Rich Blunt 
§Tho Watson 

1753 Tho Mills 
James Cooper. 

1754 Tho Mills 
James Cooper 

1755 James Cooper 
Joh Holled 

1755 Joh Holled 
Tho Minors 

1757 Tho Minors 
Sam Wordsworth 

1758 Sam Wordsworth 
Rich Bristow 

1759 Richard Bristow 
iJNic Magens 

1760 Nic Magens 
Tho Powell 

1 76 1 Tho Powell 
Will Wells 



* Joh. Jenkins was his dep. 
S Fine /15 15s. od. 



t The wheel wright. ♦ Scribnpot. 

William WiUiams served for him. 



321819B 



lOO 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Year 

1762 William Wells 

Charles Clavey 
i763*Matth. Lichigary 

Newman Hattey 
i764*Newman Hattey 

Joh Turner 
i765»Joh Turner 

William Cooper. 
i766*Joh Webb. 

Will Fellows 

1767 Will Cooper 
Will Fellows 

1768 Will Cooper 
John Scandrett 

1769 Tho Bladen 
Joh Scandrett 

1770 John Scandrett 
Geo Dewsett 

1 77 1 Geo Dewsett 
Joh Whalley 

1772 Joh Whalley 
tAdam Stracey 

1773 Adam Stracey 
Heath Ellis 

T774 Heath Ellis 

Edward Rowe Mores. 
1775 Edward Row Mores. 
I Francy Creuze 



Year 

1776 William Hanson 
Job Matthew 

1777 Job Matthew 
Tho* Oliver. 

1778 Tho» Oliver 
Tho* Farrer. 

1779 Tho* Farrer 
James Dalbiac 

1780 James Dalbiac 
John Roebuck. 

1 78 1 John Roebuck 
Henry Hayman. 

1782 John MofFatt 
William Holbrook. 

1783 William Holbrook 
John Newton 

1784 John Newton 
Saunders Oliver 

1785 Saunders Oliver 
Robert Greatorex. 

1786 Robert Greatorex 
Elias Lock. 

1787 Elias Lock 
William Perkins 

1788 William Perkins 
Thomas Browne 

1789 Thomas Browne 
Samuel Lichigaray 



* Sam Davis served for him. 
t Scrib n pot. 

I Was excused on presenting a piece of plate to the altar, 
served. 



£dw. Camden 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



lOI 



Year 

1790 Samuel Lichigaray 
Henry Henley. 

1 79 1 Henry Henley 
Ary Holman 

1792 Ary Holman 
Nathaniel Brassey. 

1793 Nathaniel Brassey 
John Ives. 

1794 John Ives 
Peter Berthen 

1795 Peter Berthen 
Robert Williams 

1796 Robert Williams 
Bryan Troughton 

1797 Bryan Troughton 
Samuel Turner 

1798 Samuel Turner 
Richard Adams. 

1799 Richard Adams 
Rowland Minns 

1800 Rowland Minns 
Thomas Lane. 

1801 Thomas Lane 
Andrew Johnson 

1802 Thomas Lane 
James Innes. 

1803 James Innes 
Thomas Lane. 

1804 Thomas Lane 
Thomas Dibbs 



Year 

1805 Thomas Dibbs 
Thomas Lane. 

1806 Thomas Lane 
Henry Wildman 

1807 Henry Wildman 
Thomas Lane 

1808 Thomas Lan6 
Richard Franklin 

1809 Robert Briscoe 
Thomas Lane 

1 8 10 Thomas Lane 
Joseph Clementson 

181 1 Joseph Clementson 
Thomas Lane 

181 2 Thomas Lane 
James Byrn 

1813 James Byrn 
Thomas Lane 

1 81 4 Thomas Lane 
*Luke Ward 

1 81 5 Thomas F Bristow 
Thomas Lane 

1 816 Thomas Lane 
John Coope 

1817 John Coope 
William Hall. 

1818 William Hall 
William Davis 

1 8 19 William Davis 
Charles Hibbert. 



Excused May i, on account of age and infirmity. T. F. Bristow appointed instead. 



102 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Year 

1820 Charles Hibbert 
Richard Mbunt. 

1 82 1 Richard Mount 
John Alphonso Doxat. 

1822 John Alphonso Doxat 
James Hill 

1823 James Hill 
Edward Warner. 

1824 Edward Warner 
Thomas Old. 

1825 Isaac Solly 
William Cotton 

1826 William Cotton 
J. Rosier 

1827 Job JeflFkins 
Robert H Innes 

1828 Robert H Innes 
John Gore 

1829 John Gore 
William Hall. 

1830 William Hall 
James Gale. 

183 1 William Hall 
John Chadsey. 

1832 John Chadsey 
William Hall. 

1833 William Hall 
Samuel Edenborough. 

1834 Samuel Edenborough. 
William Pavitt. 



Year 

1835 Jo^^ Reay 
Edward Golding 

1836 Edward Golding 
John Tyler 

1837 John Tyler 
John Marshall. 

1838 John Marshall 
William Hall. 

1839 William Hall 
Benjamin Cotton 

1840 Benjamin Cotton 
John Pardoe 

1 84 1 John Pardoe 
Jacob Sims 

1842 WiUiam Rhodes 
John Tyler. 

1843 John Tyler 
Thomas Burrell 

1844 Thomas Burrell 
Nicholas Charrington 

1845 Thomas Moxon 

James Pincott 

Reynolds. 

1846 James Pincott 

Reynolds 
Benjamin Wharton 
Kind 

1847 Benjamin Wharton 

Kind 
James Reeve 
*John Lane. 



• Nom. by Vicar. 



mSTORy OF LEYTQN. 



103 



Year 

1848 James Reeves 
Robert Graham 

*John Lane 

1849 Robert Graham 
Frederick Bedwell 

*John Lane 
1 850! Frederick Bedwell 

tWalter Alexander 

Urquhart. 
1 85 1 Walter Alexander 

Urquhart 
William Lyon 
*John Lane 
1 85 2 J Thomas Sidney 

J James Reeves 
1853* Frederic Bedwell 
Thomas Sidney 
i854§Frederick Bedwell. 
§The Lord Mayor 

1855 Edward Charrington 
James Helme 

1856 Edward Charrington 
Edward Masterman 

1857 Edward Charrington 
Edward Masterman 



Year 

1858 William Hardcastle 
Charles Hope 

1859 William Hardcastle 
Charles Hope 

i860 John Smith 

Edward Hibbert. 

1 86 1 Edward Hibbert 
Joseph Emery 

1862 Joseph Emery 
James Eraser 

1863 James Eraser 
Dr. Joseph Rufus 

Aldom 

1864 Dr. Joseph Rufus 

Aldom 

William Byas 

1865 William Byas 

II Dr. Joseph Rufus 



Aldom. 



1866 WiUiam Byas 
John Tyler. 

1867 John Tyler 
John Fraser 

1868 John Fraser 
George Chew 



* Nom: by Vicar f Vicar did not nominate one this year. 

{ Nomination of one by Vicar objected. 

I Both elected, which custom seems to have prevailed till 1874, when Dr. 
Brewster claimed and exercised his right. They were elected as " Upper " and 
*< Under " Churchwarden. In this list till 1874, the first named is the " Upper," the 
second the *'Under": afterwards, the first is the ** Vicar's," the second the 
•« People's" Churchwarden. 

II Elected by 39 votes, against 34 for Mr. Collins. A poll was demanded for 
Mr. Collins, which resulted in Dr. Aldom's election being confirmed by 244 votes 
to 40 given for Mr. Collins, 



104 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Year 

1869 George Chew 
James Gallaher 

1870 William Byas 
Charles Hoar. 

1 87 1 William Byas 
Charles Hoar 

1872 William Byas 
John George Gorton 

1873 John George Gorton 
John Simonds 

1 874* John Tyler. 
John Simonds 

1875 John Tyler 
John Simonds 

1876 William Charles Bar- 

tholomew Hockley 
John Tyler. 

1877 John Tyler. 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley. 

1878 John Tyler 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley. 

1879 George Hibbert. 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley. 

1880 George Hibbert 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley. 



Year 

1 88 1 George Hibbert 

William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley 

1882 George Hibbert 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley. 

1883 George Hibbert 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley 

1884 George Hibbert 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley 

1885 George Hibbert 
William Charles Bar- 
tholomew Hockley 

1886 George Hibbert 
Benjamin Biggs 

1887 George Hibbert 
Benjamin Biggs. 

1888 George Hibbert 
Benjamin Biggs 

1889 George Hibbert 
Benjamin Biggs. 

1890 Arthur Isbell 
Benjamin Biggs. 

1 89 1 Arthur Isbell. 
Benjamin Biggs. 

1892 Arthur Isbell 
Benjamin Biggs 

1893 Arthur Isbell 
Benjamin Biggs. 



• Nominated by Dr. Brewster. 



CHAPTER VI. 



(Tbe parteb 'Rcdfatera. 

Bits of Information— 



The Registers—Description — Variations and Additions 
Marriages— Baptisms — Burials. 




THINK none of my readers will consider this 
chapter uninteresting, or dry, if only they 
will try to read between the lines. The 
extracts which follow are exact copies 
from the Registers as regards spelling, grammar, 
capitals, etc., as to alter them would be to rob them of 
their charm. Perhaps a word or two concerning the 
Registers themselves will not be unacceptable. The 
earliest begins for Baptisms and Marriages in the year 
1575 ;* for Deaths, in the year 1617 ; and ends for 
Marriages, 1754 ; for Baptisms, 1783 ; and for Deaths, 
1726. It is marked A, and is perfect, with the exception 
of two leaves, which appear to have been missing before 
it was paged and rebound (probably, in the reign of 
Queen Anne). 

* This year Jacob Ballard became Vicar of Leyton ; and Grindal, Archbishop 
of Canterbury ; whether either or both had anything to do with the commence- 
ment of Registers here I cannot say. 



Registers. 



Description. 



io6 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Variations 

and 
Additions. 



Bits of 
Information. 



Let not my readers suppose that these old Regis- 
ters are anything like the unsentimental, regulated books 
of the present day. They are dusty, brown, worm- 
eaten, parchment leaved, sheepskin bound books, 
intended to last as long as the world. The earlier 
entries are written in old English, and it is not till 
about 1650 that we get to anything like the modern 
writing. A striking feature about them is the brevity 
with which the entries are made, but a more pleasing 
one, the variations and additions, which are not 
infrequent. Thus, in registering Marriages, men are 
described by the terms " Ccelebs," **Viduus," **Wid- 
dower," " Bachelor " ; the women by '* Maid," 
*' Woman," " Puella," ** Maiden " ; and the way 
married as by " Bains," " Banns," ** Bands " ; the 
latter, perhaps, prevailing when some disappointed 
husband or sour bachelor was clerk. Who knows! 
Again, it is interesting to notice how, when the lady 
was **of the quality," the prefix Mrs. was given as a 
title of honour, notwithstanding that she was a spin- 
ster; and the entry was made in the clerkly hand of 
the Vicar. One wonders, too, sometimes when puzzling 
over the shaky, ill-spelt, sprawling entry by the clerk, 
whether such things as ** blue ribbon movements" were 
known in those days; or, if so, whether they were 
encouraged by the said clerk. 

Perhaps the most interesting part of these old 
Registers is where there is given odd bits of informa- 
tion, which often give glimpses, as it were, into the 
great world outside the quiet parish, many instances 
of which will be found in the following extracts. 

Very often entries, memoranda, or notes concerning 
legacies, gifts to the poor, orders for collections, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. IO7 

letters written about Parish affairs, lists of Vicars, 
copies from wills, dates of induction of Vicars, etc., 
etc., are made by Vicar or Churchwarden. 

Mensis: 1575 Marriages. 

Novebris The xxth day were married Robert Peper- 

corne and Elizabeth.* 
Aprilis 1578 The xxth day were married 

Browne Esquire and Elizabeth Pawlet the 
daughter of the Right Honorable the Lord 
Gyles Pawlet. 
Novembris 1578 The xviith day were married Henry 
Parvish and Elizabeth Colston. 
Jeafry Tomkins and Joan Hayms daughter to 
Conduit haymes of hackney were were married 
the 24 of April in the year 1581. 

Novbris 1581 The xxxth daye being St. Andrews 
Day were married Andrew Copland & Mergery 
Ballarde. 

Octobris 1582 Thexxviiith day were married Margaret 
fogge William Nash and Ellen Hamond vidua. 

Octobris 1588 Robart Godfrey vicar of Leighton and 
Blanch Hall were married the seaventh of 
October 1588. 

January 1588. Bernard Whetston gent and Ann Pawlet 
Lady were married the viith of February. 

December 1605 Edward Noell Knight and Julian 
Hickes were married the xxth of December 
1605.+ 



/ 



* This is the first entry. 

t Note in Marg: " Daughter of Sir Baptist Hicks/' but seemingly by a 
mncb later hand. 



Io8 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1606 Sir Charles Norison Knight and Mary Hickes 

were married the iiiith of December 1606. 

1607 William Kinge butcher and Mary Cope were 

married the 20^ of May 1607. Witnesses 
Jhon Bolo Elizabeth Cope and William 
Winter. 

Richard Bonner and Godly Cottons were married 
the xxxist of January 1607. 

1609 Rychard Alexander and Margaret Braynewood 
both of Wesham were married at Leyton the 
vith day of June 1609 by Robart Jennings 
Vicar of Westham. 

161 1 Charles jhon .... gent: and Sara Hicks widow 
gent: were married the xth of September 161 1. 

1 61 3 Nicholas Day alias Hunt and Constantine John- 
son were married with License the 25*^ of 
March 1613. 

Christopher Whitlowe and Elizabeth Smith Citi- 
zens were married with License the 28*** of 
October 161 3. 

1 61 7 Sir Robert Quarles Knight was married to M" 
Mary Parvis daughter to the Lady Hickes 
the 6'^ May 161 7 

1620 Michaell Hunt Vicar and Elizabeth Nuth were 
marryed the 17 August 1620. 

1620 Hugh Barker Doctor of Law and M" Mary 
Pyot daughter to Richard Pyot Citizen & 
Alderman of London deceased were married. 



HISTORY OF LEYtON. lOQ 

1620 Francis James of the Parish of St. Olaves in 
Old Jewry London Esquire and Sara Pyot 
daughter to Richard Pyot late Alderman of 
London were married the 23rd of October 
1620. 

1622 William Smith of the parish of Westham . Oat- 
mealeman and Elizabeth Bytterton of this 
parish were married loth of April 1622. 

1624 Thomas Mart of Shordich bachelor and Rebecca 
Wail of this Parish maid were married 25^ 
of July 1624. 

1626 John Coulton Singleman and Adayton 

Singlewoman were married the 17^ of April 
1626. 

1627 John minister* of gods word and Miss Ann 

make wear maried the 25'** of february 1627. 
William Sheppeard and mary Clarke married 
the 15'** of July by banes. 

1633 Andrew Sandertin preacher of gods word and 
Susan Barrow was married with Lysenc the 
2 1st of January. 

1635 Thomas Whit more Esquire son to Sir William 
Whitmore Knight of Shropshire and Eliza- 
beth Aston daughter to Sir William Aston 
Knight and Alderman of London was married 
with Lysence sixteenth day of April. 

1637 Edward Pislor gent and Grace Greane both 
of this parish and sarvante to the Right 
Worshipful Sir William Hickes was married 
with Licence the 11^ day of July. 



* Query Hasler, see Baptisms, 1628. 



no HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1641 Gabrill Miles gent and marchant of London 
and EUenor Kendall of the parish of St. 
Augustan London puella was married with 
lisence the 29*^ day of September. 

1681 John Strype Minister of this Parish Bachelor 
& M" Susan Lowe of Oxen Maiden, Married 
at Oxen in Christs Church, Feb. 7. 

1688 M' Thomas Morgan of St Mary Woolneth 

^5 London Bachelour and M^* Susan Cox of 

pt'^ST^^' St Michael Crooked Lane Maiden May 31. 

1695 M^ Francis Asby of S Boltolph Algate Bachelor 
and M" Elizabeth Tench of this parish 
maiden Married in the Church of Katharine 
Coleman Lond. Mar 28. 

1701 William Dickinson of Greenwich Bachelour 

Clarke to Sir Christopher Wren Kt for the 
Works at Greenwich and Elizabeth Thomson 
of St Edmund the King London Maiden 
Sept 4. 

1702 Zebulon Frith widdower & Bathsheba Magnoe 

both of this Parish Dec 29. 

171 1 M' James Crawforth of St Katharin Creechurch 
Bachelor and M" Susanna Strype Maid of 
this Parish Married at the Church of Bromley 
S Leonards May 8. 

Jacob Jacobus in the License 
1713 James A Bates of the Parish of Stafford in the 
County of Stafford Bachelor and Mary Boswel 
o'^^ of the Parish of Yeograve in the County of 
Darby Maden Octob. 2. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. Ill 

1 718 Thomas Plaisted of S Andrews Holborn London 
Bachelor and Susanna Gifford of the Parish 
of Westham Soluta Aug 28. 

1722 George Carpenter Esq Son & Heir Apparent to 
George L^ Carpenter and Elizabeth Pette of 
S Andrews Undershaft London Aug 26. 

1729 M' John Smith of St Mary Stratford Bow in 
the County of Middlesex Widdower & M" 
Anne Cookes of the Parish of Leytonstone in 
the County of Essex Maden So entered in the 
Licence. . 

1732 M' Thomas Harris of Hackney Bachelor & M" 

Susanna Crawforth Grand Daughter of the 

Rev** M' John Strype of this Parish Maiden 

by License Aug 5**** 
1738* 

StewartlJamesiBatch. lof Hackney 
Clarry I Mary ISpinst.lof the same Parish 



With Iby lApril 2 

Licence I Dubordieu I 



Baptisms. 
Mensis 
Octobris 1575 Anne Relfe daughter to Thomas Relfe 

was baptized the iiiith of October 1575. 

Marcij 1578 The 4th day was baptized Jhoana a 

base child supposed Jhon Bates the father. 

Maij 1580 The 29**" day was baptized ffan Vanwilder 
the daughter of Henry Vanwilder gent and 
was buried the same day.f 

* This commences the modem style of registration, 
t Within the year 4 children were baptized St bnried the same day. I 
think this Henry Van Wilder, was the son of '* Philip. Van. Wilder gent one of 
the Kinges Majesties Privey Chamber" who held property at Ley ton, "Rock- 
holle.'* By Will 1552-3 he directs to be buried at St Olaves Hart St. 



112 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1584 The 27*^ daye of April was baptized Henry the 
son of George Aelmar Vicar of Layton but 
was born the 19*^ day Lady Pawlet godmother 
Henry Vanwilderf Edward Bigg George Pil- 
kington gent*- godfathers. 

1593 Thomas Washer sonne of Thomas Washer fidler 

was baptized the 24th of January 1593. 
Katherine Guy the daughter of William Guy 

Sawyer was baptized the 28^ of January 1593. 
John the sonne of George Hanshawe weaver was 

baptized the 21" of January 1593. 
Margaret the daughter of Robert Tyas Taylor 

was baptized the 12* of February 1593. 
Elizabeth Baker the daughter of John Baker 

alias Duhurst was baptized the 22°** of April 

1593. 

1594 John Sadler the sonne of Thomas Sadler CoUer- 

maker was baptized the 21" of April 1594. 
Edith Wright the daughter of William Wright 
glover was baptized the 21" of April 1594. 
1594 Thomas Browne the sonne of Notorius Browne 
was baptized the 16*** of May 1596. 

1606 James Cutte the daughter of John Cutte of 

Thornedge in Coun: Nottingham was baptized 
the 27*^ day of Oct 1606. 

1607 Thomas Hues the sonne of John Hues vagrant 

was baptized the 24 of January 1607. 

1608 Elizabeth Baker the daughter of Sir Thomas 

Baker Knight was baptized the 18*^ of April 
1608. 
Beniamin Mason the sonne of Francis Mason 
Miller was baptized the 16*^ of May 1608. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. II3 

1608 Elizabeth Rudd the daughter of Mathew Rudd 
of Chelmsford gent was baptized the 2ist of 
July 1608. 

1610 Henry Randall the base sonne of Elizabeth 
Randall was baptized the 25th of May 1610. 

The Witnesses or Suretyes Henry Coleman of 
Walthamstow & John Palmer of Stepneigh 
& Jane Richman of Layton Widdow. 

John Farr the sonne of Richard Farr stranger 
was baptized the 7^ of July 1610. 

Penelope the base daughter of William Nashe 
as it is suggested begotten on the body of 
Margret Harler his servant was baptized the 
30*** of November 16 10. 

1 61 5 Anne daughter to a 

traveller delivered in Laytonstone was baptized 
the 27^ of August 1 61 5. 
Sara daughter to James & Jane Vauray dutch 
people and dwelling at Plastow in the parish 
of Westham was baptized the 6th of October 
1615. 

1 61 6 William Farmer the sonne of William Farmer 

of Tempel mill was baptized the 20*** of 
October 16 16. 

1 61 7 Alice Layton the base daughter of Grace Layton 

was baptized the 9*** of February 161 7. 

1618 John Hunt the sonne of Michael Hunt Vicar 

was baptized the first day of December born 
the 23'** of November at 4 of the Clock in 
the morning 1618. 



114 HISTORY OF LETTON. 

1619 Thomas Holland the sonne of Thomas Holland 
Brickmaker was baptized the 5^ of August 
1619. 
William Hunt sonne of Michael Hunt Vicar 
was baptized the 27*** ot February i6ig.* 



1623 Elizabeth Hunt the daughter of Michael Hunt 
vicar was baptized the 6*^ of July 1623. 

1625 Elizabeth the daughter of Beniamine Stone Vicar 

of layton was baptized 12 day of December 
1625- 

1626 William the son of James and Alice Sharp 

bap the 15*** of Novem: The first Child that 
M' Dumvel Chrisen at layton 1626. 

1628 Richard the sonne of John Hasler minister & 
Anne his Wife baptized the loth Mrch 1628. 

1634 Ralph the supossed sonne of Ralph Barley 
Coatchman begotten of the body of Katherin 
Mince beinge base borne was baptized the 
19^ day of June. 

1636 Mary the daughter of Sir Thomas Stanley Knt 
was baptized the 2"** day of June. 
Katherin the daughter of the Right Worsh^" 
Sir William Hickes Knight and Barronett 
was baptized the 29*** day of June. 

1638 John the sonn of John Kempe laborore was 
baptized the last of September. 



* Here is a break of about three years ; as also between 163 1-4, where should 
be the cx>rrespondmg leaf. There is no gap in the paging; but the book was 
probably not paged till it was rebound, sometime about the reign of Queen Anne. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. II5 

1639 William the sonne of Samuell Kem'e Minister 
of thys Parish Batchelor in Divinity was bap- 
tized the one and thirty day of July 1639. 
Sir William Hicke Knt Barronet ^ 

Mr Robert Harrington nesses 

The Lady Stanlay ^* 

Quere If this be not a Keme-sone. Ccrte gloriole «^ 

William the son of Sir Henrj' franklin Knight 
was baptized the first day of October. 

1 64 1 Mary the daughter of M' John Shanterlin a 

dutch Marchant was baptized the 23"* day of 
december. 

1642 Anthony Kem the Sonne of Samwell Kem 

Minestere Bacheler in devinite was baptized the 
9th of august 1642. 

1643 John the Child of a traveller being bom in 

fox his bam was baptized the 28 of January. 

1644 Jeremey Foxi the Son of Samuell Foxi Vicar 

of leighton was Baptized the 23"* of July. 

1645 Bazell Kem the son of Samuel Kem bachiler 

in devinity was Baptized the 24 of Aprell 
1645. 

1647 Beniamin Williams the sonn of Hugh Williams 

Minister was baptized 5 of September. 

1648 Margarett Williams the daughter of Hugh 

Williams was Baptized the 15*** day of 
Januari 1648. 
165 1 Edward Williams the son hugh Williams 
minister was baptized ye 20"* of may. 

* Added by another hand. 



1 1 6 HISTORY OF IXYTOK . 

1652 Theoffilus Williams the soon 6f Hugh Williams 

minister was baptized the 25*^ of September. 

1653 debera the daughter of umfry and Catren 

gallee was baptized the 22°** of October. 

1656 Joseph the sonne of Master George Swanley 
gentleman and Barbare his wife was born the 
28 of September baptized 2°** of October. 
Anno 1656 Memorandum that Susanna Anderton 
the daughter M'' Philip Anderton Minister of 
Lowlayton was born the 26*^ of January 
being munday and baptized in the Parish 
aforesaid the 5*^ of Februaiy being Thursday. 

1658 Memorandum that Philip and Laurance the 
two sons of Master Philip Anderton Minister 
of this parish Lay ton were borne the 13 of 
July being Tuesday 1658 and Baptized the 
21" of July being Wensday Anno 1658. 

1660 Memorandum that John Anderton the son of 
Philip Anderton Minister of Low Layton was 
publicly baptized the 21 day of November. 

1662 James the sone of Mr. Robert Smith was 

privately baptized as soon as born June 14. 

1663 John Laiton found in a barn at hoUowadown 

in this parish was baptized the nineteenth 

day of June. 
1667 Robbert poppogunde blakeomore was baptized 

the same day i.e. as '* Mickele sonne to Sur 

William Hickes." 
1674 Julian the Daughter of Mr John Parsons* & 

Elizabeth his wife May 9***- 

••'After Sir Joh Parsons & Ld Maior of London 1703.1704." Note by 
Mr. John Strype. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. JIJ 

1675. Mary a child found in the Warren; at Leyton- 
stone June 13. / . 

.. John born in New England aged 17 months 
Elizabeth bom in London Ghildren of Mr 
Binjamin Batten & Elizabeth his wife Mar 24. 

1683 "Henry' the son of Patrick Coster alias Cros- 
grove & Verius, & Elizabeth his wife* Aug 28. 

1685 -^^ Susanna the daughter of John Strype & Susanna 

his wife Oct 16. 
1686' Susanna the daughter of John Strype Minister & 

Susanna his wife Oct 12. 

1687 Hester the daughter of John Strype Vicar & 
Susanna his Wife Dec f. 

1690 Samuel Thorowgood aged 24 years Sep: 11. 

1692' ' Hannah the daughter of Samuel Thorowgood 
:. arid Mary his Wife October 13. - .;: 

1695 Christopher the; spn:;of Ghrisioph^f Jackson & 
Sense hi§. wife Feb: : 23/ , . , . 

iGgid Hope-Heath, a .Black mayd about ;2i July 12. 

1699 Elizabeth the daughter of Henry Box and Frances 
' his Wife April 9 being Easter Sunday. 

1701 William the son of j6hTi Halsey of Dadlington 
in. the County of Leic. and Sarah his^ wife 
delivered in Leyton Marsh July 1 3. 

1764 Elizabeth Brown df Stepney an /elderly Person 
Mar: 20. v, - . 

1-706 Miriam <kughter of ^ebulun Frith & Bathshebah 
his wife Nov: 19. •. ^ 

1767; ThWnas the sdii of Gapt Daniel Isireal & Sarah 
his Wif&3^6b ote^^V- i^ : ; ^K-:' 



Il8 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1710 William the son of John Pykin & Dorothy his 

wife born the 15 of January 1702. 

1711 John Barksoure a Black of Wesh Ham Parish 

May 6. 

1 713 Rachel a Foundling at M' Fishers gate Sep: 13. 

Theophilus the son of John Vixon & Elizabeth 
his wife Nov. 8. 

171 5 Richard the Parents unknown brought from 
Warren House Apl 10. 
William the son of David Gansel Esq & Margaret 
his wife Oct 5. 

171 7 Anne the Daughter of a certain Stranger at 
M" Lees Jun: 28. 

Mephiboseth |sons of James Thomson Deceased 
^7^^ Lazarus J & Margaret his Wife Jun: 5. 

1723 M" Anna Hickes at years of Discretion Feb 13. 

Lyddia the Daughter of Monmouth Pasfield and 
. . . • his wife Mar: 15. 

1725 Katharine daughter of David Capon Clerk & 
Katharine his wife Jun 24. 
George a Black servant to Sir Fisher Tench Bart 
Aged 20 Nov: 7. 

1727 Sarah Lucy daughter of David Capon Clerk & 

Katharine his wife Feb 26. 

1728 Dorothy a black maid Servant to Sir Richard 

Hopkins Kt Jun: 29. 

1730 John Weavan a Black about 10 years of age 

Oct 4. 

1 73 1 David son of the Rev: M' David Capon & 

Katharine his wife Sep: 30. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. Iig 

1734 Shadrak the son of Shadrak Coe & Rebecca 
his wife June 3. 
Robert son of Peter Cartwright Esq & Mary his 
wife baptized in the house of Robert Dennett 
of Walthamstow Esq by David Capon Curate* 
& Lecturer of this Parish. 

^lyj Joseph a poor Foundling Oct 22. 

1738 Moyer Lydia da of Benjamin & Francis Aug 11. 

Baptized by D' Lisla Arch^ of Canterbury. 

1739 George Conrade S of Adrianus & Mary Vanden 

Pomeneer April 24 1739. 

1745 Susannah Da of David & Catherine Capon 
Sep 23"*- 

1753 Moses Leyton a foundling Jan: i. 

1760 Richard Son of Thomas t & Sarah Keighley 
Apl 10. 

1770 Jane Keturah Dr of the Rev** John & Jane 
Harrison Sep 2. 

1773 Juliana Lucy D' of the Rev^ Jelinger & Juliana 
Symons Dec 20. 

1778 Caesar Giner an East India Black Mar: 18. 

Burials. . 

Note that all the buryalls that have bin since the 
yere 1575 unto this year 161 7 are to be seen in an 
old Register booke belonging to this parish of Layton. J 

161 7 Jane Segar widdow was buryed the 30^ of 
November 161 7. 



* Also Schoolmaster. f Vicar of Leyton. 

{ I have been unable to find this *' Old Register Booke." 



120 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1618 John Bridges son of John Bridges Londoner 

was buiyed the 16 of April 1618. 
The 20*** day of April was buryed a poore fellow 

that dyed in the Grange Barne. 
John King servant to the Lady Hawkins was 

buryed the 6'** of May 161 8. 
Daniell Stone Gardiner servant to the Lady 

Hickes was buryed the 14*** of May 1618. 

161 9 William ffarmer servant to Mr Baker at Temple 

Mill was buryed the 21"^ of March 1619. 

1620 Joyce Hunt the wife of Michael Hunt Vicar was 

buryed the 27*** of March 1620. 
The first day of December was buryed the base 

daughter of one Margery that was Thomas 

Thatcher's servant. 
John Sache Yeoman was buryed the 24 of January 

1620. 
The 17^ of February was buryed the sonne of 

Richard Maynard not christned. 

1621 Elizabeth Hunt the wife of Michael Hunt Vicar 

was buryed the 21'* of February 1621. 

1622 William Hunt the son of Michael Hunt Vicar 

was buryed the 20*** of July 1622. 
William Futter Scrivener of London was buryed 

the 10'** of August 1622. 
fferebras Corny Butler to the Lady Hickes was 

buryed the 14*^ of December 1622. 

1623 nikolas Ibbotson clarke of the church was buried 

the 12 of June 1623. 
sarha daughter of Abraham muUinger preacher 
was buried the 14 of August 1623. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 121 

1623 William pumfret a poore man that died in a 

barne was buried the 4'** of January 1623 
The 25*^ of Jan was buried a poore garle 1623 
Prudence Daves daughter to John Daves 

Conseller was buried the 9*** of March 1623 

1624 The 5 day of August was buried a child of 

Thomas Woods not crisened 1624. 
Michaell hunte Vicar of laighton was buried the 

21 of September 1624. 
goodwife Stratford the wife of William Stratford 

was buried the 6'*" of november 1624. 
goodwife goffe was buried the 16^ of febreari 

1624. 

1625 Dennis wood the Daughter of toby wood squier 

was buried the 24 of June 1625. 
A poore woman died in the hiway was buried 

the 30*^ of June 1625. 
A strange man & a maeid was buried the ist of 

September. 
Sir Thomas Williams knight was buried 19 of 

November 1625. 

1626 Edward lord Sinelman & Sarvant to Mr. Gasack 

was buried the first of April 1626. 
Jeffrey Eayres gent man buried in the Chancel 

the 16^ of Septem. 
Yougham houtapila duchman servant to Mr. 

Abraham baker buried the 2 of Febrari 1626. 
Thomas Connaway Sarvant to the lady of 

barkshara buried the 15 of Mar. 

1627 Edward Querill Mr. Maynards man buired at 

Walthamstowe the thirty one of August. 



122 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1627 A. Soone of one Mr. Dalwas of London buried 

in the Chanswell the seventh day of September. 
Popo Clarke Sir William Hykes his man buried 
the 22 of September. 

1628 Mary the wife of Robert Dumvell Viccar buried 

the 26 of September 1628. 

1 63 1 Elias Allen of Richmond servant to the kings 

ma*** buried the of September. 

1632 Roger Ebbitson parish clarke buried the 15*^ of 

May. 

1633 A new borne woman child found dead in a 

feald whose payrents was unknowne was buried 
the 28*^ day of March 1633. 
Thomas the base son of the supposed Thomas 
Whittall of Walthamstow begotten of Elizabeth 
Skilton was buried the 23"^** day of April. 

Henry Maille the sohne of John Mayle Scrivener 
was buried the third day of September. 

Stephen Parfett the sonne of Stephen Parfitt being 
the second sonne of that name was buried 
the 13 of September. 

1634 A man child being born a parish child of St. 

James in the Dukes place by Algaite in london 

was buried the 16*^ of July. 
Tristram the sonne of Mr John Luager a minister 

was buried the 19*^ of October. 
John Powell a Cobbler was buried the 20*** day of 

October. 
Thomas CofFe a laboring man & a stranger 

was buried the 17*** day of December. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 123 

1635 George James of St James Parish in the Dukes 

place nere algaite london a parish child was 

buried the first day of July. 
Rebecka the daughter of Mr Henry Andrews 

alderman of London was buried the 26 day of 

August. 
Mary the daughter of William Braythwaite 

Minister & Scoulemaster of Greachurch in 

London was buried the last day of November. 

1636 Edmund the sonn of Edmond Merritt a musiciner 

of london the 9**" of March. 
John the sonne of William Read of Laytonstone 

was buried the y^ day of Maii. 
A poor travilling man whose name was unknown 

was buried the 6*** of September. 

A poor traveler whose name was unknown was 

buried the 2"** of October. 
Thomas Clapton sarvante to the lord A Scut 

of the Forrest house was buried the 23'** day 

of January. 

1637 A poor travelinge woman whose name was 

unknown was buried the 18**" day of December. 
Giles Underwood a Dutchman and servant to 
M' Abraham Baker esquire was buried the 
first day of January. 

1638 Robert Dumville Vicker of Lay ton was buried 
the 18**" day of June. 

Abigaile the daughter of M' Anthony Abdie 
Alderman of London was buried the 5*** day 
of July. 

1639 John the son of William Burneham Parish 

Clarke was buried the 27**" day of March. 



124 iHISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1639 Richard Cole sarvante to Sir Thomas Stanley 

Knight was buried the 29*** day of April. 

1640 . Lucy the daughter of Sir Henry Franklin Knight 

was buried the 12^ Day of Sept. 
Ann the wife of Richard Smith a poor traveler 
was buried the 17**^ day of January. 

1641 Christian Steward a poore traveling woman was 

buried the 6*** of May. 
Paul the son of Richard Haysell wire drawer of 

Bishippegaite in london was buried the 

second day of August. 
John Catlin sarvante to Dame Ladie Ashcut was 

buried the 6*^ day of October. 

A poore travelling woman whose name was 
unknown was buried the 9*** day of January 

1642 Thomas the son of a traviller was buried 12**" May. 
William Burnam Clarck of Layton was Buryed 

the 13 day of May 1642. 
Anne Webster was buried 13*** of September with 
her stilborn child. 

1643 A Crissom* Child of William laylers was buried 

the 11*** day of April. 
Anthony kem the sonne of Samuell keme minester 

and Bacheler in divinity was buried the 25**" day 

of April. 
Mary Dumvill the daughter of Robert Dumvill 

the 22°^ of May. 
1645 M" Cop widow sister to M'* Griffis was Buried 

29*** of March. 

, * f.«: Chrisom. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1^5 

1^47* Jane Kem the daughter of Samuell kem Bachiier 

in divinity was buried 14 August. 
- ' Mary Stilles the child of a londener was Buried 

the 6"" of September/ " 

1650 Edward Williams the sonne of hugh williams 

minister was buried the g^^ of September. 
Margret williams the Daughter of hugh williams 
minister was buried Deceb. 

165 1 Two children of Edward mainard were buried the 

22 of December. 

1652 Robt the Sonne of Edward wenam was Baptized 

and Buried the 19*** of Jun. 
Thomas Redge clarke was buried the 27*** January. 

1655 Samwell the sonn of Master Williams minister 

buried 21 of November. 
Daniel the sonn of Master wiUiams minister was 
buried 23 of November.* 

1656 Edward Jones of the ames house was buried the 

30 of April. 

Mistress Weeds mother was buried the 15 of 
June 1656. 

1657 Josefe the sonn of Master williams minister was 

buried the 5 Octobr. 
Thomas Clefford the owldest was buried the 16. of 
March. 

1658 Richard Clarke a wine copers child was buried 

the 21** of April. 
Barker the bricklayer was buried the 27*** of May. 

1659 Richard a poore fellow at Rooke Hallf was buried 

the 7"^ of Augt. 

* There were eight barials this month, an anusual number, 
t Now Rackhold. 



126 HISTORY OP LEYTON. 

1659 Sarah a poore wench buryed the 5** day of 

february from thomas lamie. 
William Jones a nurse child* of the widoe Cones 
buried the s*^ of february. 

1660 The young Lord Chesschesterf was buried the 

29*^ of December. 

1 66 1 Susanna the daughter of Master Philip Anderton 

minister of this parish of layton was buried the 
7**" day of August 1661. 
John sarvant to goodman hill was buried the 6*"" of 
September. 

1662 John Boulton Clarke was buryed the 4*^ of May 

1662 Qoseph Bilton chose clarke the 4*"" of May 
1662). 

1664 M" Margret the daughter of Sir Lawrance Smith 

Knight and dame Joan was buried the 16'*' of 
July 1664. 
Edward son to Hugh Williams minister was 
buried on the 6*^ of december 1664. 

1665 A boordor (boarder) of M' Woods was buried 

the 7*"" of December. 
The son of a travillin woman was buried the 
II**" day of August. 

1667 M' John Lantham ffloyd Esquire son to Sir 

Charles Lantham ffloyd Knight departed this 
life the 8**" day of September & was buried 
the 17**" day of the same month. 

1668 John Choke Butler to the Lady Chichester was 

buried January the 23. 



* Entries of this kind are rather freqaent. 
t The Clerk's way of spelling '* Chichester." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 127 

1668 Son in law to John ffrost was buried May the 20. 
Elizabeth daughter to John ffrost was buried the 
23'** of July 
i66g James son to one grissel griffin of london widdow 
was buried november the 27. 
Adonijah son to Mr Thomas Danges was buried 
the 19'** of January. 

1670* Widow Unwin of the Robin Hood Leytonstone 
Feb 24. 
The right Hon*^'^' Charles Earle of Norwich Mar 7**"- 
M^ John Evans of the Greenman Leytonstone 

Mar 7**^ 
Mary leyton a parish child Apl ii. 
A son of John Tabraham, unbaptizedf June i. 
Old Widdow Johnson of the Almes house Oct 26. 

1671 Old Jone Bullock of the Almes house Feb 13. 
Old Jane Hutton wife of John Hutton aged 95 

June 12.J 
Goodman Kettle Aug 6. 
Elizabeth Mason of the Almes house Aug 23. 

1672 Jane Cones Daughter of Goody Cones of the 

Almes house Feb 4. 
Goodwife Ball of the Almes house Feb 23. 
Jane Pimm a poor servant wench Mar i. 
William Ball son of the late Goody Ball Mar 12. 

1674 John Jones Tapster Sep 13. 

1675 Mary Warren a parish child found in Le)rtonstone 

Warren Sep 12. 

* Mr. Strype became Vicar 1669 and the Rasters were immediately 
better kept. 

t Waa Mr. Tabraham an anabaptist ? all hia children were nnbaptixed. 
\ John Hntton died 1679, aged 106. 



128 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1676 John Hart of the Justice at Leytonstone June 19. 
Anne daughter of Robert the Black from Mile 

end July 30. 
. John son of Goody Soyleman run over by a 

Coach Sep 9. 
Old John Harrobin Dec 5. 

Elizabeth ) Twins, Children of Francis 

A man child unbaptized) Butterfield Dec 31 . 

1677 Robert Chalice Ostler at the Robin Hood 

Feb 4 
Richard Jennings the Ferry-man drowned in a 

Flood Feb 15 
Sarah the daughter of William Framewell of 

Temple Mill Mar 22 

1678 Sarah the wife of Thomas Nash aged eighty six 

Apr: 6. 
John Davis of the bowling green Apr: 27. 
Margaret Dovers servant at Captain Moyers 

June 28. 
Ellen the wife of John Harris of Whipps Cross 

Aug 29. 
M' William Davis found dead at the side of 

a pond Nov 8. 

1679 Rose the daughter of D' Thomas Baxter from 

Hackney Apr 17. 
Rachel Stot Widdow of New Castle upon Tine 

July. 
Old John Hutten of Leytonstone aged io6 years* 

Feb 8 

* See Churchwarden's Accounts 1652. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 129 

1680 Rowland Devonshire Gardiner at the Forest 

house Sept 23. 
Elizabeth Searl Widdow of the Almes house 
found dead in Walwood Mar 22. 

1 68 1 Rob Linsey of Hackney drowned going over 

a foot bridge in Perrins Lane May 7. 
Widdow Hagget of the Alms house found dead 
in the fields May 29. 

1682 Robert the son of . . . Painter drowned in 

a Cellar May 6. 
James Buoy a Scotchman & stranger Nov: 14. 

1683 Samuel HoUowman a bricklayer at Forest House 

Aug 8. 

1684 M'^ Edward Trevir one of my Lord of Oxfords 

troup Kilt Oct 19. 

1685 Francis Mathews a poore harvest man Jun 19. 
Lawrence Moyer Esq aged 'j'] years Sep 4. 
Susanna the daughter of John Strype Minister 

of this parish Nov 23. 

1686 Samuel Turvey a travailer from Yorkshire 

May 30. 

1687 Mathew Wilson found dead in Snows Lane 

Jun 23. 

1689 Joseph Christopher a parish nurse child of S 

Christophers London Aug 7.* 

1690 Andrew Newton a poor stranger from Jeremies 

Ferry Oct 25. 



* Entries of this kind are very frequent ; and especially of Children from 
St Christophers. 



K 



I30 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1691 Mary the daughter of John Strype Vicar May 21. 
Zacharias Bareboom a Norwegian June 15. 
Joan Sawyer aged fourscore & odd Mar 9. 

1692 Edward Bayley of the Almes house aged about 

80 Ap 17. 
Robert Church aged a hundred years wanting one 

May 24. 
Joan the wife of Christopher Jackson found dead 

in her house Sep 16. 
Martha Perry Widdow aged 78 Oct 27. 
Robert Billington aged 80 years Mar 15. 

1693 William Thurstan a youth June 9. 

Richard Redfern a poor Harvest man from 

Darbyshire Sep 6. 
John Willis a poor servant that had lived at 

the Bowling Green Jan 8. 
Mr. Gilbert Kennedy lately come from Jamaica 

Feb: 22. 

1694 Francis Green the Coachman May 6. 

William Lewis Sir William Hickes Gardiner 
Richard Prince late Sir William Hickes his 
Servant both drowned July 17. 

Thomas Nash aged 84 years July 22. 

1696 Jane the daughter of Goodman Anderson June 18. 
Richard Neves Servant at the Bowling Green 

Nov 15. 

1697 M" Dulcebella Draper Widow aged 82 years 

Dec 6. 
John Sawyer Farrier, an antient man Hanged 

himself Jan 23. 
A Foundling unbaptized found at Leytonstone 

Mar I. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. I3I 

1698 Richard Evans a poor Travelling Pedler May 12. 
Anne Money a poor harbourless woman from 

Leytonstone May 16. 
Simon Sumner of Spittlefields Silk Stocking 

Weaver May 23. 

1700 M^ John Thompson Parish Clark of White 

Chappel Lond Apr 20. 
Susan Adams Servant at the Greenman by a 

broken leg Sep 23. 
M"" Knight Midwife Oct 22. 

1 701 M^ Thomas Newcomb Steward to the late 

Bp of Ely Apr i. 
Elizabeth Hil Servant to M' Strype Vicar Jun 3. 
Anne Fuller late of Waltham Abby aged neer 

90 Jul 17. 
William Whittoft an Officer Jul 20. 
M" Elizabeth Roper of the Bishopric of Durham 

Serv' to M" Wharton Jul 21. 
William Jones of the Harrow Leytonstone 

Nov: 14. 
Jane Stock a Relation of William Howards 

Jan 18. 
Anne North M" Jones of the Harrow her Maid 

Jan 19. 

1702 M^ Francis Gloysten a Breamer from London 

July 12. 
Abraham Darvil servant to a Coffe man in London 

Dec 29. 
Edward Chapman a poor travailer dying at 

the Ferryhouse Jan 5. 

1703 Thomas Butcher Sir Harry Hickes Coachman 

drowned in his Pond Jun 30. 



132 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1703 Anne daughter of Daniel Challier of Lond 

Callico painter Sep 18. 

1704 Mary Eves of the Almes house aged 80 & upwards 

Sep 7. 
Mary daughter of John Huys a Dutchman of 

Stepney Sep 17. 
John the son of Edward Rawlins of the Forest 

side Sep 18. 
Thomas the son of Philip Bristow a Black of 

Barking Oct 8. 
James Hurlbert a Sayler in the Warspight 

Dec 26. 
Mary Lane living in the little house going into 

the Marsh Feb 25. 

1705 Henry Wilder at the three Blackbirds Dec 16. 

1706 Robert Smith M*^ Cottons Coachman hanged 

himself Apr 8. 
Sarah Stileman Widdow upwards of 80 years 

Sep II. 
John Wit my Lord Castletons Footman Nov 5. 
Thomas the son of M^ Lescallect of Walwood 

Dec 19. 

1707 John Davis of the Almes House Vir . . . 

fortunce Mar 22. 

1708 Jane the Daughter of M"' John Hewyt of 

Leytonstone Clerk Feb 22. 
Robert ... an old Servant at Ruckholts 
aged 87 Feb 27. 

1709 Miriam the daughter of Zebulun Frith May 12. 

a poor travailing man that died in M"' Churches 
Barn May 14. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. I 33 

1709 Richard Hollins found dead falHn down stairs at 

M^ Cookes Jul 25. 

1710 Mary wife of . . . Jewel at the Ferry Jun 2. 
William White M^ Gansels servant Dec 28. 

171 1 A poor man found dead near the Grange Barn 

Nov I. 
Hester the daughter of John Strype Vicar 
Feb 24. 

1712 Thomas Purson Churchwarden July 27. 

1713 Henry Gowlet Prudden the Coachman's man 

Apr 30. 

William Watkin drowned at Olford May 5. 
Thomas Marriage of Navestock kild by falling 

from a waggon Dec 12. 
Robert Adams a poor man a stranger that cut his 

own throat Jan 12. 

1714 Philip Ball aged 92 Mar 16. 

M" Anne Brunning aged 84 from London 

Apl 8. 
Joseph Bilton Parish Clark aged 76 Apl 23. 
William Steed drowned neer the Ferry May 31. 
William Gladwin who died in M' Brians Barn 

Dec 14. 
David Player aged 88 Jan 16. 

1715 Harry Knight a Pensioner aged 80 odd Sep 8. 

Richard Wynnd a poor man lodging at the Harrow 

Nov: 19. 
Anne Poney a Girl drowned •per infortunium 

Nov 27. 

* Through misfortune. 



134 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

171 5 George Butcher Parish Clark of a mortification 

Jan 27. 

1 716 M" Baxter of Hackney buried in the Vault Aug 3. 
John Sumner from Sols Green Dec 11. 

17 17 John Darnehil a poor travailing soldier May 3. 
Elizabeth the Daughter of John Jenkins fel into 

the Fire June 28. 
Audrey Gryme a stranger Scot Jul 6. 
M" Alice Jesson aged 91 Jan 16. 

1 718 Daniel Augeband a Swede Nov 17. 

Alice Richardson from Knots Green Dec 19. 

1720 M" Arabella daughter of Sir Fisher Tench Bart. 

Oct 7. 
John Dagget slain by the falling of a Scaffold 
Dec 4. 

1 72 1 Sir Robert Beechcroft Kt & Alderman of London 

Jun7. 
Mary Taylor late of Algat found dead in a Wei at 

Leytonstone Aug 15. 
A man found dead under a Hedge near Brians 

Feb 6. 

1722 Theodosia daughter of M Seignoret of Islington 

Aug 16. 
M" Elizabeth Griffith aged fourscore Oct 25. 

1723 Mary Cross Widow of Allhallows Barkin Aged 90 

Apr 9. 

1724 A poor Travailer unknown dying at Leytonstone 

Jun: 18. 
Bathsheba late wife of Zebulun Frith Mar 16. 

1726 A man a Stranger that drowned himself Dec 5. 

1727 William Parrot killed by a fal from his Horse 

Jul 29. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 35 

1728 The Rev: M' John Hewyt of Leytonstone School- 

master Apl 16. 
Robert Waters that died in Brians Barn July i6. 
Samuel son of John Ladbrook scalded in a Tub of 

Wort No 5. 

1729 Thomas London a Black Apl 12. 
A poor man found drowned Jun 3. 
A poor travailing Woman 

A poor child dying in the street at Leytonstone 

Aug 19. 
John Purcen Capon Son of David Capon Clerk 

Lecturer of this Parish Aug 26. 
M' Piers Manduit sometime Windsor Herald* 

Nov 10. 

1730 John Son of Shadrack Coe July 7. 

1 73 1 A Man shott in Breaking a house at Sails Green t 

Oct 14. 

1732 A poor young man who died in a Barn July 22. 

1733 A poor man who died in the Watch House Apl i. 
M" Magdalena Playment buryed in the Dutch 

Church Austin Fryers May 11. 

1735 George Pompey a Black Servant to Sir Fisher 

Tench Sep 3. 

1736 Sir Richard Hopkins Knight and Alderman of 

London Jan 16. 
Bury'd a poor stranger drowned in the River May i . 
A poor man found dead in a Barn from Ruckolts 

Sep 25. 

* Herald's College consists of three Kings-at-Arms, six heralds, and foar pur- 
suivants. The six heralds are styled Somerset, Richmond, Lancaster, Windsor, 
Chester and York. 

t Also •• Sauls Green." now " Harrow Green," - 



136 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1736 Jane Murry found drowned in a Pond on the 

Forest 27. 

1737 A servant of M"^ Knapp who hanged himsel 

Oct 14. 

1742 Claudius Beranger Barjenus July 14. 

1745 A poor man found dead Jan 3. 

1746 Samuel Dec 20. 

1747 Jones Jan 6. 

1748 poor man found dead Feb 8. 

1750 A poor man found drowned Apl 10. 
Sarah Aug 8. 

1 75 1 David Capon Clerk* July 6. 

1753 Hypolita Hanna Loubier Nov 9. 

1754. The Right HonW* Sir John Strange Master of the 
Rolls May 23. 

1755 Poor man buried by the Coroner's Warrant May 3. 

1756 Sarah Fleet One of the Foundlings t July 14. 

1757 Isabella Dubordieu widow of the late Vicar Aug 17. 

1758 Stephen Wood late clerk of this parish Feb i. 
Martha Wittewrong dughter of the late Sir John 

Strange Dec 4. 

1759 Dame Ann relict of Sir Richard Hopkins Feb 26. 

1764 James Wilson & . . . Profit two drowned men 

June 20. 
A footpad buried name unknown Sep 24. 
1770 Eleanor D' of Sam* Bosanquet Esq and Eleanora 

Bosanquet Oct 12. 

* Mr. Capon became carate to Mr. Strype in 1723. Mr. Strype became 
Vicar 1669. 

t There are thirteen of these entries in the next six months; and in the next few 
years they recur with similar frequency. 




CHAPTER VII. 



Zbe Cburcbwar&en0' accounts* 




HE earliest Churchwardens' Accounts that 
are now in existence are for the year 
1651 : from that date we have them com- 
plete. The following extracts are fairly 
representative of the whole, and are given exactly as 
they occur. I trust none of my readers will think 
that I have given too many : — 

1651 Paid Brett the Smith for iron work about the 

Church Gate & Whipping Post 3 • 2 

1652 Item paid to the Cobler for a Chimney in the 

tree per order* i. o. o 

Imprimis paid to Goodie Whittal for keepmg 
the lame girl for 52 weeks at 2/6 per week ... 6 . lo . o 

Paid to Mr. Andertont for half a years rent for 
Goodie Mason's part of the Vicridge house ... 5 • o 

Item given to the informer for extraordinary 

Servis and Charges in prosecution 2.0.0 



* John Hutton, who dwelt in an old hollow tree at Leytonstone, and died in 

1679, age 106. 
t Vicar from 165 1 to 1662. 



138 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1653 Church Wardens account debited as follows. 
** Collected the g^ Octob, upon a Briefe for 
Melbourne St. Andrews in Dorsetshire which 
was not taken up nor paid 9.6 

Paid for setting up the larger States armes ... 1,5.0 

Paid for setting up the lesser i.o.o 

Paid for the releife of poore prisoners in the 
Colchester Goale to the 25^^ March 1.6.0 

1659 For money paid to Mr. Cooper tayler to cloathe 

& teach Philip Kemp the trade of a tayler ... 10 . o . o 

For money paid Goodman Mason to give a poor 
woman that lay in the streets two nights ... 5 - o 

For money paid Goodman Bockett for the Kings 
armes & carriage of them & for the firaime ... 7.2.0 

1660 For 3 bottles of Muscadin* 6.0 

For a gross of pintes wh: was given to the boys 
on assention day 3- o 

For a dinner for the gent: & bread & beer for the 
boyes at the green man 2 . 18 . o 

For a dore for the Steeple & the hinges and a 
staple 8.6 

1662 Paid Mr. Curry ffittz for officiating the cure tow 

lords dales i. o. o 

also Mr. Erdeler & Mr. Cocker 20/. each ... 2.0.0 

For setting up the font i . 15 . o 

Paid for the Booke of Common Prayer 7*6 

For a Booke of Articles 3 • 8 

1664 To Mr Hafeild the Surgion for the ciu-e of 

Goodman Haggis 1.3.0 

1665 Item for bread & wine for 6 Communions ... 2 . 13 . 9 

Item paied the bearers & other charges touching 
the burial of Richard harrington dying of 
the distemper i . 4 . 10 



* z8 bottles used this year. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



139 



1665 Item given to releeve the widdow Coanes in the 

time of hur distemper 5* o 

It Paid the charge of disposing of M' Kents 
sarvant that lay sicke of the distemper at the 
Grange 3*6 

It for mending the vaine when it was blowne 
downe 1.5.0 

1666 To monye payd for a flaggon 10 . o 

To monye for washing the surplise & other 
linning 11 . o 

To monye given to severall that were in distress 
after the fier and that M' Cop did recommend 14 . o 

To monye payd for mending the whiles of the 
bells 

To monye payd the ringers to drinke 

1667 For wrightinge and settinge up the Comand- 

ments in the Church 

For the iron worke fifor the fifount & the brick- 
layers worke settinge it up 

The procession dinner ffor the parish at the 

green man was spent 

And a bottle of Sacke ffor me 

For whitting one part of the Church & fifor 
wrigtinge Scripture thereon 

fifor Rayles palls & nayles & Carpenters worke 
to fifence the Churchyard 

1668 Whiting part of the Church and writing 

Scripture verses thereon 

1670 Given 3 seamen wch were cast away at Harridg 
pd by M' Jno Bruminge fifor Exc* ofif y® 

Comunion Cuppe more than y« 5* in his hands 
w^ hee reced fifro: W" filoyd fifor w^ we 
discharge y« s<* M' Jno: Bruminge 2.8.0 

1 67 1 pd y« parritor for y« seqestration 2.0 

1672 fifor hoase shoos & shifts for a child 7* o 



6. 


6 


2 . 


6 


3.10. 


10 


I. 8. 


8 


5- 10. 





2 . 





7- 


6 


I . 8. 





7. 


6 


I . 


6 



140 HISTORY OF LEYTON, 

1672 fifor Cattijcases 1.8 

1673 Pd M' Haflford y« Surgion fFor setting Rackets 

thigh ••• ••• ... ••• ••• ... I . o • o 

pd the parrittor for a prayer book i. o 

pd for bread & wine for 4 times* i. 8. o 

1675 ^y n^oi^i^y P^id for the parish dinner uppon 

holly Thursday 9.0.0 

Paid to Goodman Walsh for a 100 of Tyles ... 2.6 

ffor a sheet to wind up a traveller that dyed at 
Scraggs house and buried at Lay ton ... 2.0 

1676 To five Seamen y* had lost their ship by a 

Hurrican 2.6 

Expences in & about binding CoUings child ... 9 . 10 

Given to eleven poor men their wives and 
children undone by Fire in Ireland y* came 
with Passes 3 • 6 

Expences in carrying Joh Jackman home to his 
master at Mile-end twice 2.0 

My expences in going with Jackmans boy to the 

shipe again & upon the seamen 4.6 

1678 pd y« Chimney man for a certificate .6 

pd flFor mending y« bell wheeles 2 . 12 . 6 

pd fFor a CofFon flFor Jn® Grome 6.0 

pd flTor bread and beere for his buriall 4.0 

pd Vaughan flfor a booke flfor y« fast i . o 

pd flfor a Rope flFor y« flfaunte i. o 

1679 The Charges of the pambulacon of the boundes 

of the parishe as followeth 

for beefe 

for a surloyne of beefe 

for two leggs of veale 

for 10 chickens 

* The Wine was 2/. per bottle. 



I . 


6 


14. 


8 


13. 





3 . 






HISTORY OF LEYTON. I4I 

1679 for wine ... 18. 6 

for bread & beere 2. 7, 6 

for dressinge the meate 15-0 

for lenToDS and oringes 2.6 

for poynts 2.6 

given to Elizabeth Smith who had much loss 

by fire 4 

given to two ministers widdowes and children 
coming with a petition and a pass 1.6 

paid for a book of Homilies & a paper book for 

writing Strang ministers names 10 . o 

for oyle for the bells hynges for a pewe dore and 
a cobweb brush ... 4. 6 

paid to the apparitor for the ministers appear- 
ance before the Archdeakon at Elford* ... i . o 
1 68 1 For relieving two decayed gentlemen 2.0 

Paid to the Carpenter for mending the bells & 

pends 1.7.8 

Paid for a CofiSn for Samuel Dane 6.0 

Paid Goody Holmes for nursing from the 29^** 
of Nov: to the 8*** of April 2.0.0 

For a Table of Consanguinity 1.6 

The total amount of the Churchwardens' disburse- 
ments for this year is ^^21 125. od. The accounts are 
endorsed " seen and attested at a Vestry May i. 1681 " 
and signed by Same Polatt 

William Holcroft & John Strype William ffloyd 
Dalby Thomas The mark of 

The mark of Richard -H- Hayward 
Robert Harley Thomas O Nash Rob Sheffeild 
: — Colman John Tabarham 

* This year 31 Soldiers, .59 Seamen, 49 Travellers being provided with passes, 
were relieved and passed on. 



142 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

i68a May 25. For the perambulation dinner ... 4 . 14 • o 

For a gross of pointes for the boyes ... 3*4 

Dec 23. Given to Josias Rowlands being in 

great want i . o 

Aug 15 Payd James Eves for all materials and 
workmanship in making a pew for 
the use of the Parish Officers ... 2 . 13 . o 

Feb. 10 Paid Mr Strype for Chatichisms ..! 3 • o 

Paid to poor seamen whoe had passes 
and certificates to be relieved ... 1.6.0 

Mar. 31. Payd Goodman Bolton for oyle for 
the bells and 3 matts for the ropes 
and burying Elizabeth Parker 3 • o 

Paid for bread & wine for the Sacra- 
ment on Easter day 12 . o 

1683 Paid for the Kings declaration and prayer booke i . 6 

Paid to the Archdeacon's Visitation at the 
Church 8.8 

Spent upon Holy Thursday in bread beer Ale 
Cheese and points for the boyes 2.1.6 

Paid Bilton for washing & mending the Church 

Linen pulpet cloth & pillow 12. o 

Paid for oyle for the bells & dressing the Church 
at Xmas 3-0 

Paid for nursing Cromps great girl one month... 8 . o 

Paid for a pair of shooes & stockings for the 
great girl 3.6 

Paid M' Perry of Wanstead with Cromp's great 
girl to be his apprentice 3. o. o 

Relieved a man woman & child by pass ... 1.6 

Relieved 9 seamen* to York 1.6 

Relieved distressed officers by pass 1.6 



* 64 Seamen and 78 other persons passing through the Parish were relieved 
this year ; most of them *' by pass." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. I43 

1684 May the 8 beinge Assension day a dinner for 

the preambleation cost 5.4.9 

for the points for the boyes 3 • o 

Paid the hie Constable for one year's Char- 
retable ues money* 2 . 10 . o 

payd Master Strype for a tabell consarninge 

marigie (marriage) o. i. 6 

1685 2 Oct Paid the Plumer for leading the Church 4.2.0 
For three Russe Tyles and half a Bushell of 

haire for the Church i* 3 

Paid Bolton for 3 Busshells of Coales for 
Oarke '.. ... ... 2.6 

1687 paid for bread & wine for 2 Communions at 

Easter 16 . 8 

1688 gave the saide gaxson for Releafe & Luckin 

after the sogers wife at times i. o. o 

gave a man that had a great loss by fire ... 5« o 

payd for five hundread of tiles 10. o 

payd for busiles of Lime 1.6 

payd for 5 bottiles & a half of wine 11 . o 

1689 Payd Widdow Jackson for a nurse child 3 

months 18 . 8 

Paid for a praier Booke i. o 

Paid for a warrant to bring M" Glascock out of 
powne 6 

1690 For bread & wine for the Holy Communion ... 8 . 10 
Paid to William Thorogood for mending the 

Churchyard Pales 3-3 

1691 For two prayer books ... 2.0 

Nov: 5 paid to the ringers twise at the Kings 
return 6.0 



• "hie," "ues," " charretable "— read "high." "use." "charitable." This 
entry appears in the accounts every year. 



r44 HISTORY OP LEYTON. 

1 69 1 for expenses when Carters boy was bound at tHe 

hall 1.6 

1692 payd the ringers for ringe 6 dayes that is to say 

the Kinges Cronnacion and 5 other times ... 18 . o 

payd for the sun diall ... 2.6 

1694 Casting the Crakt bell & mending the Clapper 

etc. 8 . 15 . o 

other charges about the bell 1.16.9 

To thorogood the Carpenter setting post & rails 

& poles round the Churchyard 4.4.8 

1695 pd for an act against swareing* 6 

pd for 500 of Brickes and J A 100 of lyme ... 14 . o 

pd the brick layer 3 dayes work 7 • 6 

for 106 foot of oak in scanttinges 9.10.0 

1697 Paid for a surplice for M' Strype 2 . 15 . o 

1698 paid the Kings duties for 5 burialls and one birth 1.2.0 

Charges for watching of Kendrick given to his 

wife I . 19 . o 

for carrying of John Kendrick to Bedlam & 2 

bonds and a warrant .. 1.9.9 

for his keeping there & discharge ... ... i.a.6 

for carrying their goods to Woodford & a cer- 
tificate 15 . o 

M' Blunt the Doctor bill for Kendrick 7-6 

1699 for a proclamation dinner & bred and points for 

the boys 7 . 14 . o 

5 bottles of tent for the sackrement and bred for 

the same 12.10 

Gave to the Ringers when the King came home 3 . o 

paid more to m' blunt the a potecarer 4*3 



* On July 6th, this year, the Churchwardens '* Received of 2 for tipling & 
profane swearing, 14 . 4." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. I45 

1700 payed for killing 7 bedghogs 2*4 

payed for a pair of shews for Sneed ^ • 4 

payed to Goody Jackson for a 11 weaks keeping 

ofJamesSneed 1.2.0 

Charges in binding James Sneed 5 - ^ 

payed the Kings duties for M' Statens made 

burial 4.0 

payed the Kings duties for andrew dezell Childs 

berth ... ... ... ... ... •.* 2.0 

1702 For two Vestry Dinners 2. o. o 

Paid for weather Boarding the west end of the 

Church 19 . o 

1703 Paid the Glaziers Bill and painting the weather- 

cock i8 . o 

Gave 2 decaid Ministers 2.0 

For charges to help up the bell ... 2.0 

For Catchize Books two Dozen 1.6 

1704 The Perambulation Dinner 9.0.4 

Paid to several Travilers that fell sick in the 

forest ... ... ... ... ... ... 13 . 6 

for Citements and Prayer Books 10 • o 

1705 Pd att two General Vesturis for meat and Drink 3 • 15 • o 
Pd for Robert King being lame and mad ... 5 • 15 • o 
Pd for Christopher Jax;>on & putting him into 

St Barthlmews Hospitall and clothing him 
with 3 shurts 2 neckcloths and 2 pr of stockins 
I coate I wastcoat i pr of britches and wraggs 

and Roolers 3.5.4 

1707 for too vestry dinners 5 . 11 . 4 

for perambulation Dinar 8 . 14 . o 

to the surgeon for curing anne hymas 2 . 15 . o 

1708 instead of a preammulation it was allowed ... 3.0.0 

(The two Vestry dinners cost this year £6 . 11 . o,) 

for a new pare of Stocks at laytonstone ... 3.0.0 



146 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1708 for Releasing of .Widow Willet out of prison ... 

for 60 hedge hogs 

for mending the Clapper of a Bell 

1709 Allowed a parish Dinner on Ascension day 

1709 

Allowed another parish Dinner Nov 4 

1 7 10 Paid for a woman in fitts at Latenstone 

42 Weeks Keeping Edward Dandy 

Paid for shoes for Edw: Dandy & stokins 

Paid for Briches for Ditto 

Paid for 32 Weeks Scooling for Ditto at 3^ 

171 1 Pd Marg^ Jones and her Girl sick at La: stone 

Pd to move her to Snows 

Pd for a sheet & shift for her 

Pd M' Baker for bleeding her 

Pd M' Sterne for her pass and Oath 

Pd the Constable with the pass 

Pd Dame Snow for 5 wee J at 6/- p wee 

Pd M' Cocking Surgeon for her cure 

1 7 12 Pd M" Stripe for a Comon prayer booke 

Pd M' Jere: Wakelin for Charity & Bridge 
money 

Pd M' Archer for Cleaning & setting up the 
Commandment ... 

1713 Pd M"^ Davis for sending away a woman with 

Child 

Pd to 23 Soldiers & seamen & 2 decayed parsons 

Pd the Surgeon for curing Jacksons thigh 

Pd to the Coroner & Clark & BalifF & man & 

horse to fetch the Coroner ... 

Expenses that day the man was found 

for a Coffin & a Shroud 



14. 


5. 





I . 


. 







4- 


6 


7. 


II . 





3 • 


10 . 


I 




6. 


6 


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4- 







7. 







6. 







8. 







2 . 


6 




I . 


6 




5- 







2 . 


6 




3- 







2 . 





X . 


13- 





4- 


10 . 







12 . 





5. 


. 





I . 


I . 


6 

6 




7. 


8 


2 . 


. 





3- 


10 . 







4- 







10 . 






. HISTORY OF LEYTON. I47 

1 71 3 Pd the Expenses of the Coroner & Jury & 

Buriall of the man that cut his throat ... 2.16. o 

Pd for sendin to find the woman that dropt the 

Child 2.0 

Pd for a new surplice & washing 4.0.0 

Pd Charitable use & Bridge money 6 . 10 . o 

Pd the drink for the Ringers 1.8.0 

1714 Paid James Bridges for a Dinner on holy 

Thursday 3.8.7 

Paid for Wans for the boys 3 • 6 

Paid for Drink for the men & boys when they 
went the bounds of the parish 3-2 

Spent at Hackney for to see to get Esther 

Snow out Apprentice 10^ 

Paid for two night caps, & two pinners for 
Esther Snow 3-6 

Spent at several times when I went upon the 
Sarch, for Inmates 3 • 6 

Paid Theodorus Smith by order of the Vestry, 
to put him in a way to live 10. o 

Paid to three disbanded Seamen .9 

1715 Paid M' Hill the high Constable for defending a 

pretended Roberry ... z . i . 7^ 

Paid for Matting for kneeling On at the 
Communion Table 3-4 

Given to Goody Pricklove to help her to pay her 
husbands fees & Discharge him out of prison 2 . 6 

paid M' Vaughan The Attorney, his Bill for 
Defending our cause against M' Ryan about 
the Land Tax and other Expences 14 . 8.4 

paid M' Wood the Carpenter for mending the 

Church Styles 5 • o 

paid M' Hatton, for painting the Church Yard 
Gate ... ... ... ... ••• ... 4.6 



2 . 


O 


19 . 





zo . 





IQ. 


8 



148 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1 71 5 paid for mending William prossens shoes at 

severall times 

1 7 16 paid the High Constable for Robbery money ... 
paid M' King for one years mending the Church 

Windows due at Lady day 171 7 

paid for 59 hedghogs 

17 1 7 paid Edward Green Grass towards two posts in 

the Road to part the Bounds at Low Layton 

& Walthamstow 8.9 

paid for mending Mary ponds shoes at severall 
times ... ••• ... ... ... ... 7 

M' Bakers Bill for Phasick for Henry Cooper 10 . o 

for entering the articles of agreement between 
Low Layton & Walthamstow about the 

bounds of the parish s. 6 

paid for horse hire to go to Rumford to the 

. vissitation i • o 

1 71 8 For getting a Woman away that Lay Sick at 

the Bell Lay tonstone 5* o 

Given Bathsheba Rearmond to send her out of 
Town ... ... ... ... ... ••• zo t o 

Z7Z9 Paid M" Darvell for getting a poor woman that 

fell in travell to her house of 2 children ... z • o 

Paid M" Darvell for keeping a poor Woman of 
two children four Weeks, & necessarys for 
her ... ... ... ... ... ... 2.5.6 

Paid severall Accidentiall poor Z7 . zo 

Z720 paid for one shirt for William Preston 6.6 

paid for 2 pairs of Stockings for Ditto ... 4.6 

paid for a peruke for Ditto 3-6 

Z72Z I paid 6 Shellen Pur week Till November the 
13 for Rofos 3 Children which is Z2 Weeks 

and 4 Days 3 • Z5 . o 

for 2 Paier of Shoos and a Paier of Stocken 
Ditto .... ... ... ... ... ... 3 • o 

for 2 Shurts Each of them and 2 Eaprons ... 5 • o 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 49 

1721 for the Procklaimasonfor thefast 2. 6 

1722 To a big bellyd woman several days & nights at 

nursing at Robinsons, & conveying her to 
Chigwell after she had gathered strength to 
prevent her lying in here, she fell in pieces in 

2 or 3 days there 17. 7 

To posting a letter on account of a Charity Gift 4 

To Goody brown buying yam & knitting a pair 

of Stockings ^ • 4 

To a linning bagg to carry the Church linningto 

& fro 2 . o 

To M' Green overseer of the poor Charges on a 
young woman who would have drowned 
herself in our part of the Marsh River ... 2.6 

To M' Wafer for setting a broken arme of on 
Roberts and curing a sprained arme of Sarah 
Edwards x . 5 . o 

Three purges* 9 

To Widow Brown to bleed and doe something 
for Alice Reason, having violent fits i . o 

To Thomas Aldridgewho was in a sad condition 
by a nail running into his knee & disabled 
firom working, Allowed him commencing from 
Jan: y« 14 to Aprill y^ i5**» being Easter Munday 
being 13 weeks, the first two weeks at 2/6, but 
upon a hungery complaint of six mouths to 
be fed & not a hand to earn a morsel of bread 
for them made it up 4/. per week, w<* amounts 

tO ■■• ••■ ... ... ... .aa ... 

1723 for releiving of decayd ministers at divers times 5 

for two vestry dinners 6.5 

to y^ apothicary bill for fissike for richarsons 

wife 1 . 10 

for buriall of a woman that cutt her throat all 
charges 4 . 14 



9 



* Apparently for a boy with small-pox. 



150 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

for removing of foure bige bellyd woemoen out 
of y^ parish when like to bee chargeable 

for soethering y« Communion Cup 

1724 Paid for 4 New Bellropes waying 32 pounds at 

8^ per pound 

Given to 3 poore Slaves* 

For bleeding Ann Reeves 

Gave hir (Jno Lord's wife) to go oflF with hir 
GreatBeley 

Gave to a very poor woman in Great Want ... 

1725 Paid Coach hire & Expenses to Carry Mary 

Wright to S^ Thomases Hospital & Expenses 
there 

Gave to several! poore Slaves 

1726 for Tobacco for Old Gutteridge at times in 6 mo. 
to Bearers fetching a man that dyed at the Bell 

at Leighton Stone 

Tobacco for Old Gutteridge 

For a Coat for Old Gutteridge 

ForaPoleCatt 

for Matting to lay round the Communion Table 
48 Weeks schooling for Jack Obryan 

1727 Gave to a woman that cryed out being bigg 

with Child mentained two days and to M'* 
i^ee ••• ••• ... •■• t.« ■•• 

for one old Hedg Hogg and five young ones ... 

to Mother prickloves Daughter & Grand 
Daughter Both Sick in Bed, for Mutton, bred, 
Coales Oatp meal, salt & Drink 

the Buriall of a poor man from the Harrow 
Bread Drink & Carage 

* Seven other slaves relieved this year. 



16. 





10 . 





I • 


4 


I • 


6 




6 


16. 







10 


I . 





4. 





3- 


4 


6. 





2 . 


4 


12 . 







4 


8. 





8. 





5. 


9 


I . 


6 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. I5I 

1727 Gave to M" Heart for curing a dangerous 

swolled face and Broak inwardly of old 

prickloves daughter 2.6 

for victuals and drink old man 10 

gave y« old man 2. 6 

1728 payd to carrying old Gutterudge to Church ... 4.0 

1729 for the Burial of a Child died in the Street ... 2.6 
to a Woomen Pertending to be in Laber L.S. ... 2.2 
for a Coffen for a Child died in the street ... 2.0 

Charges on men on a Sarch 2.0 

to a Hedghog to my child 4 

to wine & Sugger for Thb Edwards ^ • 4i 

to Coffin & Shroud for Tho Edwards 10 . o 

for a new wheelbarrow for the Church 7-6 

1730 Charges in Gitting the Iricb women away to 

Ireland i . i . o 

Gave Mary Elphick When her Children sick of 

y« Small pox . 9« o 

to a poor Creature in feets By Sir Fishers ... 2.7 
Gave 3 poore Men which was Drowned out of 

there Houses 2.6 

Gave 2 poore farmers Which was Burnt out of 

there Houses in Essex 5 • o 

Charges at Hickses Hall about the Cobler ... 14 . 6 

for Shurts Capp and bibs for an Layton ... 3*0 

for a Leter from Widow Beggs boy 4 

1 73 1 for maintaining a Poore woman found in the 

forest in Labour who afterward Died ... 2.0.0 

1733 Paid Davis for Shoos for 4 parish children ... 6.0 

Paid by order of Vestry to Stephen Wood to 
Lend William Smith to purchase his Goods 
Destrained for Rent ... 6. o. o 

for making a Gound for Eliz Merrey & Binding 2 • o 



152 HISTORY OF LEYTON, 

1733 To Cost for nursing y^ woman Delivered at the 

stocks ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 . o • o 

Pd M' Woods Bill for burying a man from the 
Watch house 15 • 6 

Paid to a Crew of Sailers rescued from the 
Algereins ••• ... .•• ... ... 5 • o 

Pd Mills the Bricklayer for new paving the Isle 
of 3r® Church i. o. o 

Pd E3rres the Smyth for Iron Bars Screws etc 
Belfry Windows i . o . o 

1734 Pd for Communion Wine 4 Quarts 12/. Bottles 

io<^2days 12 • 10 

M' Agas a Bill for Stepps and post to the 
Church Yard Style i . 15 . o 

Mat Agas for a Churching Pew & Christine near 
y« Belfry &c 3 . 11 . 6 

1735 A Hankerchief for Mary Morris i . o 

Thread for Mary Morris 3 

M' Heel Carpenter Work done including y« 
New Stocks at Leytonstone 8.9.0 

Paid M' Woods bill for a Jepseys Lying in and 

burying the Child 13 • 10 

M' Woods Disbursements & for his trouble in 
cleaning the Monuments 4.0.0 

1736 Paid for a Lock with 12 Keys for the farmers 

Wives Pew 6.6 

Paid M' Wakel in Quit Rent for y« Parish 

House 12 years to Michaelmas ... ... 18 . o 

pd i/[T Wood for his attendance at y« paying 

y« Turnpike Carts 2.0 

pd M' Burton for Poore Bread 4 . 13 . o 

paid for bleeding Mary Morris 6 

Expenses getting a poor woman out of the 
Parish that was going to drown herself ... i . o 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 53 

1736 P^ Dame Brown for Cloathing the Child that 
was left in the parish by CounceK Strange's 
Gate ... ... ••• ... ... ••• 7 * ^ 

paid Thomas Hart Upholsterer for Window 
Curtains for the Church by Rect i • 15 , 10 

Paid Dame Brown for nursing the child that 
was dropt in the parish for 13 weeks ... i • 6 . o 

Paid Dame Brown for Curing the said Child of 
asurfeit 1.6 

Pd the Constable attending Fairlop Fair ... xx . o 

pd John Werram M' Smiths Black 2.6 

pd for two sacks of Coals for Henry Jackson ... 5-6 

M' Wood i y' Care of y« Velvet 13. o 

Bill of Law Charges about Cole the Surgeon to 
Jere Benthem 21 . X3 . 6 

X738 pd Jo° North Attorney carrying on a Case 

against St Andrews Holbom 3.7.0 

pd M'* Davis for Nursing a Woman l3dng Inn i • o . o 

pd a Man & Cart fetching Her out of the 
Marsh & Straw 2.6 

pd two men to help her & a blanket for the 
Child 2.6 

Gave 5 Poor Slaves miserably burnt 2.6 

pd a Man for Cleaning the Church Paths 

X Day i 2.3 

1739 paid for a Tunick for little Agas 2.0 

paid M' Johnson at y^ Plough & Harrow for 
things y^ Man had y^ Dyed there 5 • o 

Charges for Will™ Pain to y« fleet to be marrad 
and examination before M' Donnit 10 . o 

Charges in gitting John Pomfritt out of prison 
and carrying him to y« fleet and marring 
them and Coach Hyir and Carrying him to 
Jestis Donnitt to have him discharged and gail 



154 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1740 pulling down the Watch House and Cleaning 

the Bricks and carrying away 8.8 

Beck Mitten to fetch hir Stays out of pawn ... 3 • ^ 

payd for a form of prayers for Ja*g 2.0 

A man almost dead to gitt him away 5 • ^ 

parsons wife i. o 

To Midlebrook for a bible & Common Prayer 

Book 4.3.0 

Paid at Bedlam for M" Symonds 5. 15. 6 

Crutchess for a poor man i. o 

1 74 1 To a man & his wife to go to Brumadgam 

(Birmingham) 4.6.6 

To 2 yds i to to lining of Bretchess giving to 
Goddard at 8* 1.8 

1742 paid in Nov: last for Lee alias Lively in Cash & 

Rent .. 1.4.6 

Paid Pearson the Carpenter to try y« Waters of 
Sun Tavemfields i. 8. 9 

To an advertisement about the Workhouse ... 2. o 

Paid M' Hawkins for Drawing y« plan of y« 
Workhouse & for having a Ruf Drought of y« 
Bond which I engros'd 2.2.0 

to 92 y^ of cloth Distributed to y« poor Children 
& Women & for making the same in Shifs & 
Shirts being ell wide cloth at 9} p yard makes 
3 . 10 . II & making 13/9 in all 4. 4. 8 

ASurplice 3.8.6 

Paid for cleaning the well of the Almshouse ... 10 . o 

Paid to Thaydon Boys Parish Charges Expd 
on one of our Poor 2 . 18 . o 

1743 Bridge money 

1744 5 Gallons of Wine for Communion 

1745 Expence for searching for Papists 



3- 


10 . 





3- 


,13. 


4 




8. 






HISTORY OF LEYTON. I55 

1746 paid for horse & Chaise to Woodford 2.0 

for Coffin srowd and duties for an Earl'*' ... 14 . o 

F^ the Crowner for Coming to the Hi way-man 
that was shot i. i. o 

Pd. M' Wyborn for the use of the Room were 

the Hiway man Lay 5 • o 

Expences for M"^ Wood & my Self to go to 

the Justice 3-0 

Gave the Justice's maid i. o 

for 13 i pk Loves at several times to Harbert... 10 • 10 

for Going to London twice with an intent to 

swear in the new Churchwarden 5 • o 

1750 to 12 seamen With a Pass Burned with Liting 2 . 6 
to 4 seamen Witha Pass Burned w' Littening i . o 

1 75 1 for the order of Counsel to alter the Prayers for 

the Royal family i. o 

for Tarr to Tarr the Gable End of the Church 

and to the men ... ... ... ... ... 4.6 

to Richard Adams for Cloath His Father Ded 18 . o 

1755 To Beer allowed Crow he having no appetite 55 

Days at i^ a Day 4* 7 

1756 To a woman delivered in the Street 2.6 

John Eccles to look after a privateer i . o 

To Stephen Baker and family eat up with y^ 
jen ••* ... ... .,. •«. ••• 2 • 2 • o 

1758 Paid for a Hors & man to fetch D' Cave to 

marry Bradshaw 7*6 

By Cash received of Tho* Ballard for a Fine ... 28 . 17 . 6 

1759 Paid for mending the Chalice 18. o 

1761 To myself sitting up all Night with a mad- 
woman ... ... ... ... ... 4 * ^ 

* Not '* an Earl " a peer, but Ann Earl a pauper. 



156 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1763 Expence attending a committee at Stratford ... 3^ 

Paid the Consecration Bill 2a • 18 . 8 

Paid for a Church Yard Umbeller 1.7.0 

To a Deal box for the same 4. o 

1764 Expencis att the Rose & Crown with the 

Coronors Jury On the Man Shott 16. o 

To half Ayears SoUowry to the Beedel ... a . 10 . o 

1765 To expenses & Charges in getting rid of Potters 

wife and 5 Children as per Bills 20 . 12 . 8 

To William Buley Wife 10. 6 

1767 To Horse Chaise and Expenses to the Bishop's 

Visitation at Rumford *3 . 3 . o 

1768 Paid two laborers for pulling down the fence on 

the Forest 3- o 

Paid for playing the Engine 3-6 

paid Beedels Half years SoUowry t 5- o 

Paid Wells Schoolmaster for entering this acct. i . o 

1769 Ordered M' Stephenss Bill a Mounten to 

3 . 13 . 6 be paid 3 • X3 . 6 

1770 Paid at Guy's Hospital for David Turner 168 

Days at 4^ 2 . 16 . o 

Paid Jno: Davises Wife while he was on militia 
Duty from May 29*^ to June i9**» by Order of 

Justice Smith 14 . o 

J771 Paid Expences Surveying the Church 2.0 

Paid y^ Smith for two pair of hand Cuffs ... 7 • o 



* At a Vestry Meeting held Oct 5. 1767 is the following entry : — 

*' It appearing to this Vestry that ye Expences of the Churchwardens 

going to Rumford having greatly Increased of late, it is 
" Ordered, that for ye future ye order of ye Vestry of Oct 1743 be revived, 

to Wit, That ye Expence of ye Churchwardens going to Rumford shall 

be limited to twenty shillings, & not exceed thirty shillings when the 

Minister accompanys the Churchwarden." 

t The Churchwarden's own entry, which certainly justifies the expenditure 
recorded next. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



157 



1772 Pi M' Chal* Briscoe for setting Todds Daughters 

Lregg ••• ... ... ... ... ... 2 • 2 . o 

1774 Pd Munday the Carpenters Bill for y« Cage ... 15 . 13 . 8 

Pd Postage on Lettir of Order for thanksgiving 
on the Birth of a new Prince 2 

1778 Lock & Key to Church Door 17. o 

Jennings & Co for Holl^ for 2 Surplices ... 6 . o • o 

Sarah Wood for making Do i . i . o 

W™ Carter for taking the People to Rumford 

to be confirm^ & expences i. 5. o 

M" Burton for i year board of Sarah Jones & 
teaching her the business of a Mantuamaker 10 . o . o 

1779 Prayers for the fast 2. o 

1780 Reynolds & Pettit for surveying the Church ... 5 . 5 • o 

1784 For Killing a mad dog 6 

Two books stole out of the Church 3*6 

1785 Fine to Lords of the Manor for late Ballards 

Houses ... ... ... •.. ••• ••• 30 • o • o 

A poiecac .•■ ••• ••• ... •*• ••• o 

1787 Expenses at Romford Young people and self . 

1788 Tho» Want Bricklayer^ 
Edm<* Terry Carpenter J 

Expences at the Cock & bell 

M' Johnson Church Bible 

Joseph Norville Churchyard Umbrella 

1789 Tho* Want Bricklayer | building up West End 30 . 15 . 3^ 
GeoAitchisonCarpenterJ church & repairing roof 9 • 13 • 10^ 

M' Biggs for a Glass Coach at Visitation ... i • 2 . o 

Expenses at visitation at Cock & bell i • 5 • 6 

Edw Hasler for Watching the Church while 

under repair 15 • o 

pd M' Holbrocks man for killing a mad dog ... 5*0 



Vestry Room 



17' 

37 . " • 
21 • 10 . 

2.0. 

4. 4. 

I • 10 . 



6 

8 
9 
o 

o 
o 



158 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1790 One Years Quit Rent to Ley ton Grange Manor 

to Michaelmas last i . 10 

Advertisements & Hand Bills on the Church 

Being Robbed 18 • o 

Expences for young persons that were confirmed i . 10 • o 

1 79 1 To Neame & Blunt for a Thermometer in a Tin 

v^ase ••• ... ..• ... •.. ... J A, , o 

1792 For Killing 2 Mad Dogs 10 . o 

21 Ells of Holland for 2 Surplices 9/- 9 • 9 • o 

For Making Do. i. 4. o 

4i yd Green Baize for a Curtain for the 
Christening Pew Window Rods Rings and 
making the same 14. 6 

For a Dinner at the Lion and Key i . i • o 

1793 Dec 17. Expences Attending & Meeting of 

the Inhabitants in support of the Constitution 
of Great Britain & of the Government by 
King Lords & Commons — for advertising 
Printing Messengers & other Charges ... 6.6,0 

1794 W Pocock & M" Want on account of Contract 

for repairing the Church by order of 

Vestry 150 • o. o 

W Pocock Carpenter extra work allowed by 

Vestry 40.14. 6 

M" Want Bricklayer do do ... 42 . i . 9 

Conveying Young Persons to be Confirmed 

Dinner &c. 4 . 18 . o 

Jesse Gibson Surveyor for his several attend- 
ances Drawing agreement &c 15. 0.0 

W Pocock in full of his Contract together with 
;^29 . 18 . 5 Bill for extra Work as approved 
by J Gibson 21.18. 5 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 59 

1795 Joseph Markby for Two spring Curtains & 

Repairing Pulpit Hanging 10 . 6 . o 

For destroying Mad Dogs & Vermin ... ... 19 . 6 

1796 For Killing a Mad Dog Three Hedge Hogs & 

one Pole cat ... . ... 6.8 

For two Curtains to the Gallery Window, 
>6 one was stole soon after it was put up ... i . 12 . o 

1797 M' Smallwood for Hanging the Church with 

Black Cloth for the Funeral of the Rev: Tho» 

Keighly 24 . 12 . o 

1798 June 2. David Jebb Esq. for the purchase of a 

piece of Land to enlarge the Church Yard 

containing 42 Pole or thereabouts 150 . o . o 

Dec 19. Dozen Forms of Prayer for the Thanks- 
giving on the Victory over the Dutch ... 6.0 

William Pocock for a New Pulpit & sundries 
inside the Church ... 9 . 11 . o 

1799 Charles Jones for refreshments the Bishops 

servants & others at the Consecration of the 

New Church Yard July 3 i • 10 . 6 

Pd for destroying Sparrows 7- o 

J. Walker Charges for Consecrating the Burial 
Ground 28 • 19 . 4 

1800 Letters of Sequestration from the Bishop 

occasioned by the Living being Vacant on the 

resignation of the late Incumbent 2 . 10 • 6 

1802 A New livery for the Beadle 5 . 9 . o & a New 

Hat 18/ 6.7.0 

An Oxford Almanack for the use of the Clergy- 
man at the Church 2.6 

1802 M' Rollerson on account of his trouble in 

teaching the S.S. Boys to sing i . i . o 

1803 Paid Jackson & Moser for repairing the Retort 

and new pipes where wanted 40 • o . 4 

Paid for wax Candles for the Church i . io( 



l60 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1803 Paid Mess'* Rivington for small books for the 

Church 16 • o 

Paid M' RoUerson a gratuity for his trouble in 
teaching the Children to sing Psalms ... 3 • 3 • o 

Paid Expenses occasioned by the Confirmation 
at Romford this year 9. 6. 2 

1804 Paid for killing a supposed Mad dog 5 • ^ 

1805 Richard Skelton for 40 Staffs for extra Con- 

stables under the defence act 8 • o . o 

1 806* A Gratuity to Beard for his attendance putting 

up a Clock 2 . 2 • o 

John Sumner Plumber & Painters Work done 
to the Clock 

Richd Skelton Smiths Work do 

John Morphet Bricklayers Work do 

Will™ Brook Carpenters Work do 

Tho" Burton putting up & repairing do 

1807 Thomas Bruton for regulating y« Church Clock 

& keeping in repair for i year 2 • 2 • o 

1807 The hire of several Carts to convey young 

persons to Romford to the Confirmation & for 
Refreshments there for the parties so con- 
veyed 12 • 17 • 6 

For Killing 30 doz of Sparrows & fir Vermin ... 12 . 9 

1808 Towards the expence of a New Bible & prayer 

book for the Desk — the remainder having 
been paid out of a private subscription for the 
Pulpit Cloth etc etc 8 . 11 . 6 

Paid for extra cleaning after the Soldiers ... 10 • o 

Destroying 5 dogs supposed to be mad ... 1.5.0 



* The following entry shews how the Churchwardens* account was this year 
rednted: — 

" By a Church Bell sold to Skelton 6 . 17 . 4 " 



9. 13. 





IS 5. 


I 


14. 8. 


3 


51 . 10 • 


6 


21 • • 






HISTORY OF LEYTON. l6l 

1809 Paid Sarah Beard for two Extra cleanings (of 

the Church) after the Volunteer Corps ... 10 . o 

Paid the expenses of Walking the boundaries of 
the Parish this year. Ribbons 12/. Wands 2/6 
Refreshments and dinners at the Green Man 
& Red Lion & Horse & Groom 22 . 10 . 8 ... 23 . 5 . 2 

Accounts Paid by Vestry — Overseers of the Poor. 
1 787 M"^ Gorst for shaving the poor 

For shaving & Drawing the teeth of the poor ... 
Sale on light Gold 

1792 Skelton for the Cage Door 

R Hamilton for a Great Coat & Hat for the 
Beadle 

1 793 Assurance of the Free School ;f 200 

1796 For a bucket & rope for the Alms Row Well 

1797 Master of the Workhouse for making House 

Linen at the Chool (School) 

1798 M^ Heaton for innoculating Children 

do for extraordinary Cases 

M"^ Briscoe for do. 

1810 M" Want for Whitewashing 106 Rooms* 

181 1 C Penny feather for making up Old pulpit Cloth 

into New Cushions for occasional use in M'« 

Moyers pew 2 . 11 . o 

1812 Petty cash paid for destroying 3 Mad dogs 15/. 

& sundry vermin 11/2 1.6.2 

1814 ilbof Wax Candles 2.2 

1815 M' James bill for Law Charges relative to 

Chancel 35 . 16 . 11 

* Mrs. Want was the widow of a builder. These rooms were probably in the 
Workhouse. 

M 



I 


. 12 . 





I 


. II . 





I , 


. . 







II . 


6 


5 • 


10 . 







17- 


6 




3- 


9 




15 • 





5- 


5- 





2 . 


2 . 





I . 


16. 


9 


7- 


17- 






l62 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1 817 John Tanner for Dinners &c. for 83 Boys & 45 

men after walking the Bounds of the parish ... 15 • 12 . o 

J. Spenny for morning refreshment to the same 5.1.0 

Dan Asborn Afternoon do. o , i . o 

For Blue favors 2.0.0 

I Rake for white wands for the Boys 0.0.0 

M^ Parsingham Carpenter as per Contract for 

the alteration under the West Gallery of 

Church and New seats under & in the Gallery 55 • 17 • 6 
1 8 19 M' Plumb expances of conveyance of 39 

children for Confirmation at Hackney ... 3 . 12 , 6 

Fifteen yards of 7/4 Black Cloth, to hang the 

Church in mourning for the Queen at 6/. ... 4 . 10 . o 

For Killing a Pole cat i. o 

1 82 1 Paid the Hackney Watchmen for Apprehending 

Grave Robbers 3,9.6 

1822 British Copper C° Circle to the Clock 5 • 6 • 3 

1825 Skelton & Son repK Grave didders tools & a 

Bell 4 . 19 , 10 




Part II. 
pbtlantbropical. 



Chapter I. 
COLLECTIONS 

Chapter IL 
THE NATIONAL SCHOOLS. 

Chapter III. 
THE ALMS HOUSES. 

Chapter IV. 
THE BREAD FUND. 

Chapter V. 
THE WORKHOUSE. 

Chapter VI. 
BEQUESTS. 



Part II. 



CHAPTER I. 



Collections* 

Collection for Sowerby— Three Collections— Henry Harrison— Re-building St. 
Paul's— First Missionary Collection— Another MissionaryCollection— " Briefes read 
and gathered in the Church and Parish of Leyton "—Collections for Eight Yearsi 

ending 1888. 




|HE following extracts will illustrate the way 
in which collections were wont to be made; 
they will also shew that the sympathies of 
those days were not so narrow as we are 
sometimes apt to think. It will be noticed that they were 
only made ''upon the King's letter " or " brief," but I 
trust none will be tempted to wish that they could only 
be so made now, instead of when the clergyman is 
moved to ask for them. 

" Received oi Robert Smith Churchwarden of Lo 1651. 

Layton the sum of fore shillings ten pence upon a breafe cdUdim 
for Sowerby in Yorkshire f^ 

'^ by me John Krisced.'' 



i66 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1662. 
October 7. 

Three 
Collections. 



" Received of M' Church Churchwarden of Lowe 
Layton in the County of Essex Three Briefes with the 
collections 

ffor the Citty of Oxford ye sum of 16 . 10 

ffor M" Ann Walter of Redriss 3 . 10 

ffor John Newman of Southveel 4 • o 

** I say received by me 

"John Adams.*' 



1662. 

March 20. 

Collection 

far 

Henry 

Harrison 



1678. 
Collection 

rebuilding 
St, Pauls. 



" Rs the 20^ of March 1662 of M' Nicho: Church, 
Churchwarden of Low Layton fowre shiUings & nyne 
pence wh was collected on a breefe for the releefe of 
Henry Harrison Marriner I say reed 

'*by me John Saunders 

"Deputie CoUecter." 

" An Ace'- of y® names of those persons in this parish 
who contributed towards y® rebuilding of y** Cathedrall 
Church of S* Pauls London together w*^ their contri- 
butions An: D 1678 

S' Will Hicks Bart. ... 
S^ W°» Holcroft K°*... 
Lawrence Moyer Esq' 
M' Mathias Goodfellow 
M' Robert Harvey ... 
M' John Wolfe 
M" Anna GriflBn 

M" Davis 

M" Church 

Henry Sayer Churchwarden. 
John Strype Minister... 



10 00 



... 01 . 


10 


00 


... 01 . 


00 


00 


... 01 . 


00 


00 


... 00 


10 


00 


... 00 


10 


00 


... 00 


OS 


00 


... 00 


02 


06 


... 00 


01 


00 


... 00 


01 


00 


... 00 


00 


06 


... 00 


10 


00 



The totall is 5 

** The mark of 
*' Henry H Sayer Churchwarden.'' 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 67 

" An Assesment made at Vestry held at y*" Bowling 1690- 
Green Feb 5 1690 for raising 3^ sum of 07 . 07 . 00 ^^^ „ 
y* is to say for charitable use money for 

One Year 02 . 10 . o 

Bridg Mony ... 00 . 12 . o 

Robbery Mony 03 . 00 . o 

Two Inditements 01 . 09 . o 

07 . 07 . o 
This Rate is levyed at i** pound as follows 

** A Peny rate for robbery mony etc made 1691 " 

Then follows the assessment, the Parish being 

divided as follows 

" Layton Stone* 

" Layton Street 

" Capworth Street 

" Landholders." 

" The Names of those Gentlemen & other Persons, in 1714- 
the parish of Low Layton in the County of Essex, with piyst 
their Gifts, For the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Missionary 
parts, Collection. 

M' John Cookes 

Sir Harry Hickes 

M"^ Gansel i , 

M" Barnard 

M' Ryan 

M" Cox 

Sir Robert Beachcroft 2 

M' Remington 

M' Cartwright 

M' Winn 

M' Moyer i 

M' Bowyer 

* Sir Michael Hicks Kt k Bart: who lived at Ruckholt heads this list, 
t A guinea ia those days was i . i . 6. 



lO . 


9+ 


lO . 


o 


I . 


6t 


2 . 


6 


5- 


o 


5- 





3- 


ot 


5- 


o 


5- 


o 


7- 


6 


I . 


6t 


5- 


o 



1 68 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1718. 

December. 

Another 

Missionary 

Collection. 



1670- 1709. 
" Briefes " 

and 
Collections. 



M' Hamilton 
M' Shereman 
M' Glyn... 
M*"* Dunster 



5- o 
2 . 6 
I . o 
I . 6 



8. II 



'* This money was paid To Rowland Try on Esq, by 
the hands of Robert Snow Churchwarden." 

*' A Collection Made in Low Leyton in Essex upon 
the King's letter, for a present supply of Money, to be 
made by all the Parishes within London, & to 21 miles 
about, by a Voluntary Contribution ; for the carrying on 
the good work of the propagation of the Gospel in foreign 
parts ; & particularly in our Collonies in the West Indies : 
And for the support & Maintenance of Ministers & 
Catechists, to preach the Gospel and instruct the 
Heathen and others in those parts, in the Christian 
Religion : and for supplying them with books of devotion." 

A sum of £^ 5s. being collected, was doubtless sent 
to the Society. A list of the subscribers is given with the 
amount of their subscription, which is duly signed by the 
churchwardens. 

'* Briefes read & gathered in the Church and parish 
of Leyton Essex.'' 

1670 Oct 16. Peter Kys & Michael Kys poor 

protestant Hungarians 5.8 

1671 Apl 30 For ye Repair of Waltham Church ... 4 
June For ye redemption of ye English 

Slaves in Argiers 6.0, 

Octo For ye fire in ye City of Oxford ... 7 

1672 Apl 28. For ye fire yt happened upon ye 

Sugar Bakers house in London 8 . 



10 



10 
o 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 69 

1673 J^^® 15- For the Fire yt happened to ye 
house adjoining to ye Theatre Royall ye 
loss amounting to 1 1488;^ 2.6. 10. o 

Aug: 24 For ye fire at St Katharins in 

London ye loss amounting to 25354;^ 5.0.... i . 2 . 10 

Apl 28 For ye fire yt happened upon ye Barn 
of Tho Gibbon in ye parish of St. 
Margarets ye Cliff in Kent ye loss 1481;^ ... 6.0 

Mar. 8 For the Church of Benenden in Kent, 
beat down with thunder & lightening ye loss 

amoimting to 3920;^ 14 . o 3-7 

1675. Oct 31. For lieutenant Collonel Pilkington 

of leicestershire, who spent about 500;^ per 

v^ Ann in raising Men, horse & arms for ye late 

King now ancient and in want 6.1 

1676 Apl 30 For ye fire yt happened in ye Town of 

Northampton ye loss amounting to 152000 

thousand & eight;^ 4s 6** 6 . 12 . o 

1677 Apl 22 For ye Relief of Thirty Distressed 

Hungarian Ministers who endured slavery 
upo ye Galles of Naples 

1678 Aug 4 For ye building of St Paul's 

1680 Nov: Towards ye redemption of ye English 

Slaves in Algier 

1 68 1 June 12 For ye Protestants of leser Poland . 

1682 Apl 9 For French Protestants 

July 16 For ye fire yt happened at ye Maze in 

Southwark ye 9^ of June 1680 ye loss 

3752;^ 18 18. 6 

1683. Feb 10 Towards ye relief of ye poor in London 

in ye great Frost 3 • 7 • 3 

1684 June 15 For ye loss at Runswick in Yorkshire 

caused by ye opening of a Hill on wch ye 
Town stood & swallowing up ye houses, ye 
loss i2oo£ 10 . o 

1685 Mar 14 For ye damage sustained by Kirk- 

stantan Water in Cumberland, 900 acres 

being over flowed 7« o 

1686 June 27 For ye French Protestants 54.17. 9 



I . 


I« . 


3 


5. 


10 . 





10 . 


19. 


6 


2 . 


. 





15- 


19. 


6 



170 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

i683 Apl 23 For ye French Protestants 36.10. o 

1689 June 25 For ye Irish Protestants fled into 

England 58 . 4 . 8 

Dec 14 For y« Protestants of Savoy now fled 

into Swisserland g • o . o 

1690. Apl II. The second brief for ye Irish 

Protestants 16 . 12 . 6 

1691 June 14 For ye fire & Mischief don by ye 

French at Teignmouth, ye loss 11000/ ... 14 . 4J 

1692 July 18 For the Redemption of Captives in 

Algiers & Sally 7 . 11 . 10 

1693 J^^y 9 For y^ damage don by y« French 

Pyrates at Druridge, Widdington, & Clibborn 
in Northumberland The loss between 5 & 
6ooo;^ 10 . o 

1694 J^^y 22 For y« French Protestants & 

Ministers 5 . 12 . o 

1699 Apl 15 For ye Voudois & Refugee French 

Protestants about Savoy 12.0.10 

1700 June For Redemption of neer 300 English 

Captives at Machanes under y« Emperor of 

Jer & Morocco 6.9.9 

1702 Mar 14 For repair of y« Church of Lutter- 
worth in Leicestershire: ye Steeple blown 
down & ye Roof & Wals beat down. The 
dammage 1528;^ 7*6 

1709 For relief, subsistence, & settlement of the poor 

distressed PaUtines 23 , 3 . 9 

From 1670 to 1704 there are 146 Collections. 

1881-8. To enable those v^ho desire to compare Collections in 

y^\ modern days with those of olden time, I append the 

Collectum. following account of monies raised in connection with St. 

Mary's during the years 1881-8, inclusive. This does 

not include what has been raised in the separated 

Parishes of St. John's, Leytonstone, Holy Trinity, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



171 



Harrow Green, St. Andrew's, Leytonstone, and All 
Saints', Leyton, all of which are offshoots from the old 
Parish ; nor, it is needless to add, what has been raised 
by Nonconformists. 



For the Poor 

Church Expenses, including the Churchyard... 
National Schools (exclusive of the Government) 
Grant, Endowment,and Children's Pence.. ) 
Sunday Schools, Management and Treats 
Christian Societies outside the Parish 
Temperance Work, Adult and Juvenile 
Clubs — Shoe, Clothing, Medical, etc 
Soup Kitchen and Old Folks' Treat 
Organ and Choir (Special, 1887) 

Home Mission Work 

Church Building and Repairs, 1884 and 1887. 
School Building, 1884 

Government Grant... 

Endowment 

Children's Pence ... 

Rent of Rooms 
Alms Houses and Bread Fund (Endowment) 
Distributed as interest on Club deposits 
Contributions to Clubs, Sale of Garments, 

Magazines, Soup, &c. 

Endowment Home Mission Fund, 1884 



Schools 



i 
1867 

3030 



10 10 

8 7 



1509 12 2 



O 
12 



790 
2419 

874 5 

848 9 

84 6 

203 16 

4828 8 

I 199 10 

2692 10 

2075 14 

351 
1305 

153 

1537 

43 



8 
10 

4 
6 

9 
6 

7 
4 
6 

4 

o 

II 

2 

4 
I 



2991 13 I 



97 7 o 



For eight 

years, ending 

March 31, 

1888. 



;f 28,903 10 6 




CHAPTER II. 



Zl)c national Scboola. 

Facsimile of first page of Strype's Minute Book — Mr. Ozler's Will — Rules for 
regulation and government of the School — Names of first Scholars — " Reasons of 
dismission " — The first Master, Mr. Phillips — Examination— Two Scholars expelled 
— Boys to be expelled if absent a month — Notorious lying— New Trustees — 
Charles Young resigns, and David Capon elected — No Meeting of Trustees for 
twenty years — Nine Trustees appointed — No one to examine — New School 
house wanted — " An unfeigned supplication ** — Richard Thompson elected 
in place of Wells — School House burnt down— Re-built — Master will not sit with 
boys at Church — Mr. Walker chosen Master— Only two boys in the School — 
Young ladies instead — Schoolmaster arrested for debt — A Sunday School 
commenced— Only fourteen Scholars to be admitted— Mr. Bosanquet leaves 
/200— School House to be re-built — Girls to be admitted— New Rules and 
Regulations — New log book— Rules as to fees— Singing— Planting Potatoes- 
Class . Rooms added— Cloak Rooms — Hibbert Room— Elementary Education in 
1891 — Leyton School Board — Statement presented July 22, 1891. 




^HE Managers of our National Schools are 
fortunate in possessing the book which was 
given by John Strype to the first Managers. 
This book contains a continuous record of 
the School from its commencement in 1710 till its re- 
building in 1846. 

I have not done more than give such extracts from it 
as appeared to me sufficient to give a brief history of the 
beginning and progress of the provision made for the 
education of the young in the parish. The commence- 
ment, compared with what is now done, will perhaps 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



173 



appear poor and mean to some ; but they should bear in 
mind that, in fairness, the effort should be estimated not 
according to what we now have, but according to the 
age in which it was made ; then all honour will be given 
to Robert Ozler, and the men who tried to carry out 
his wishes. 

" This Book is for the Use of the Freeschool of 
Low Leyton, Given by John Strype Vicar of the said 
Parish June 23, 1710. 

" ROBERTO OZLER Fundatore 

" CAROLO HOPTON Executore 
'' NATHANIELE TENCHsoloFidei Commissario, 
& boni operis Inceptore, & Perfectore ; 

Anno Dom. MDCCX." 



Facsimile 

of 
first page 
Minute 
Book. 



"This is the Book marked A referred to in the 
Affidavit of the Reverend Charles Henry Laprimaudaye 
sworn before me this eighth day of December 1846. 

" R. Richards." 

''In the Name of God Amen. 

''I Robert Ozler of the Parish of St. Martins' 
in the Fields in the County of Middlesex Gent, do 
make and ordain this my last Will and Testament in 
manner and form following. First, I do direct & desire 
that my Body may be decently interred by my Executer 
in St. Mildred's Poultry Church or Chancell London, 
in a Vault there Item, I give and bequeath all and 
singular my Real & Personal Estate in Lands, Tene- 
ments, & Hereditaments, and parts and parcels thereof, 
and all my goods and Chattels wheresover, unto my 



1697. 
February 4. 
Mr. Ozler's 

wm. 



174 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Cousin Charles Hopton of Golden Square in St James 
Westminster Gent, and to his Heirs, Executors, and 
Administrators for ever, in Trust, and charged and 
chargeable with the Payment of all my debts, & funeral 
expences, and also with the Sum of three hundred pounds, 
to be by him and them raised & paid within Seven years 
next after my decease for the erecting and building a 
School in a convenient place for that purpose on the 
Wast ground of and belonging to Low Leyton in the 
County of Essex, or some other apt and convenient 
place in Low Leyton aforesaid for that purpose, in case 
it may not be built on the said Wast : And twelve pounds 
p Ann for ever to be paid quarterly to the Schoolmaster 
for the time being, & to be for ever Which School I do 
intend for the teaching and instructing of the Children of 
the Inhabitants of Low Leyton & Walthamstow in the 
said County of Essex, in Reading and Writing free 
without paying anything to the Schoolmaster in that 
behalf. But if the said Charles Hopton his Heirs or 
Assigns shall neglect or refuse to pay the said three 
hundred pounds for the use aforesaid, in manner as above 
said, or to pay the said twelve pounds p Ann to the said 
Schoolmaster and Schoolmasters successively. Then I do 
give and bequeath my said lands unto Alderman Tench, 
and Richard Hutchinson Esq, both of Low Leyton and 
their Heirs for ever, in trust to raise & pay the said three 
hundred pounds for the purpose aforesaid & for the 
paying of the said Twelve pounds p Ann: in manner & 
form as aforesaid: And to employ the residue of the 
Profits of my said lands, deducting all charges & expenses 
touching the Promises & Trust, & pay the same to my 
said Kinsman, his heirs, & Assigns, and in trust for him & 
them for ever. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



175 



" And I do Nominate, Ordain & Constitute the said 

Charles Hopton my Executor, & the said Alderman Tench 

and M' Hutchinson to-be Overseers of this my Will and 

for the building of the said Schools. In Witness whereof 

I have hereunto put my hand & seal the third day of 

February, in the Year of Our Lord God, One thousand 

six hundred ninety & seven. 

" Rob. Ozler. 

'* Signed, sealed, & published by the said Testator, & 
subscribed and attested by us as Witnesses thereto in 
the sight and presence of the said Testator immediately 
after the Publication hereof. Robert Brown, The mark 
of Frederic Milford, William Grosvenor. 



** This Will was proved Feb 7 
Clements 
Executor, 



lb 



169I before Will. 



LLD by the Oath of Charles Hopton 
'' Ever. Exton Reg' Depu'-" 



*' Rules and Orders appointed and established for the 
regulation & government of the Free School founded and 
erected in the Parish of Low Leyton in the County of 
Essex as the Charges and Benefaction of M' Rob* 
Ozler Gentleman deceased : by his last Will. 

'* Whereas Robert Ozler of the County 

of Middlesex Gent deceased did by his last Will & 
Testament dated the 3'*^ day of Febry 1697 therein 
bequeath and give 300;f & i2;^ p ann for ever for 
the Erecting & Building a School-house in the Parish of 
Low Leyton in the County of Essex for the Teaching 
and instructing of Children of the Inhabitants of Low 
Le3rton & Walthamstow in the said County in reading 



Rules for 
regulation 

and 
government 
of the School. 



176 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

& writing free without paying anything to the School- 
master in that behalf, & having therein committed the 
care of Erection and Government of the said School 
to be Established, unto Nathaniel Tench, & Richard 
Hutchinson Esq his Trustees therein named, Whereas 
the said Richard Hutchinson being since deceased, the 
surviving Trustee Nathaniel Tench both by & with the 
advice and consent of Charles Hopton Gent Executor of 
the said Will of the said Robert Ozler deceased, 
purchased an house & land in the parish of Low Leyton 
aforesaid for the Erecting & establishing a School 
pursuant to the said Will, which purchase hath been 
since approved by the Right Honb* the Lord High 
Chancellor of Great Brittain by decree of the high 
& hon*'** Court of Chancery as proper for that purpose. 
And whereas in pursuance of the said Decree there 
have been appointed for the Government of the said 
School and Management of the Charity 12 Trustees viz. 
Nathaniel Tench, Charles Hopton, John Strype Minister 
of the Parish of Low Leyton, John Cooks, John Fisher, 
Walter Ryan, & Charles Blount for the Parish of Low 
Leyton ; as also John Morrice, Tristram Conyers, 
Edmund Chishall Minister of the Parish of Waltham- 
stow, and Edward Hillersden for the Parish of 
Walthamstow with full power from time to time to make 
& Establish Rules & Orders for the better government 
of the said School, & management of the said Charity as 
by the said Order & Decree relation being thereunto had, 
it doth & may appear. And whereas pursuant to the 
said Orders & Rules the Trustees before named having 
had due notice given them in writing to meet at the said 
Schoolhouse to make and Establish Rules & Orders for 
the better Government of the said School and 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. ^^^ 

management of the said charity have Constituted & 
appointed the following Orders & Rules to be observed 
& kept as EstabHshed Rules for the good Government 
of the same. 

'^ I. Imprimis it is hereby declared that the said 
School shall consist of fourteen free scholars whereof 
seven to be of the Parish of Low Layton, & seven of the 
Parish of Walthamstow. And that the Scholars shall be 
therein out of the said respective Parishes by the said 
respective Trustees of each Parish of such as they shall 
judge the most proper objects for the said Charity, 
Which Boys so elected shall be presented to the said 
School by a Certificate under the hands of two at least 
of the said Trustees of those Parishes out of wh: those 
Scholars are so chosen & accordingly admitted. 

'* 2. Item that the Children admitted into the 
said School, shall not be under the age of 8 years 
nor stay in the School after the age of 14 years, and that 
all the vacancies either by death or removal shall be filled 
up as soon as may be by the said Trustees of the said 
Parishes as before directed, so that the full number 
of poor boys or at leastwise so many of them as may be 
had, may be constantly taught in the said School to read 
and write well gratis, as is appointed by the Will of the 
Founder, and that when any Boy shall have enjoyed the 
freedom of the School 3 years, or shall attain to read & 
write competently in any shorter time, notice thereof 
shall be given by the Schoolmaster to the Trustees 
in order to his dismission, if they think fitt. 

" 3. Item that the Children taken into the said 
School shall be free from noisom diseases, & be kept 
clean & free from vermin by their Parents and Guardians, 



N 



178 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

or Otherwise on Complaint of the Master to the Trustees 
thereof, they shall be by any two or more of the said 
Trustees removed and discharged from the School. 

'* 4. Item that in case of death or removal of the 
first Master of the said School appointed pursuant to the 
before mentioned Decree by Charles Hopton, & 
Nathaniel Tench, the said Trustees of the respective 
Parishes being summoned to meet at the School-house at 
a certain day appointed for the electing of a new Master 
for the said School shall so many of them as are there 
present (not less than 5 of them being present) then & 
there elect & choose a new Master for the said School 
in the place of the Master deceased or removed as before 
by the majority of votes. 

'^5. Item that the Master shall every Tuesday & 
Thursday (not being Holiday) from the hours of 2 to 3 in 
the afternoon instruct the Children in the Church 
Catechism so as they may be able in Lent or at 
such other times as the Minister of each respective 
Parish shall think fit to answer to the same, And that 
the Children of Low Layton together with their Master 
accompanying them shall resort to the Parish Church of 
Low Layton and the Children of Walthamstow to the 
Parish Church of Walthamstow, every Sunday both 
morning & afternoon, & also on Holidays & other times 
when prayers are read in the Church & the boys of each 
respective Parish shall be placed altogether in a place 
appointed by the Minister & Churchwardens of the 
respective Parishes. 

'* 6. Item that the School-hours from Lady-day 
to Michaelmass be from 7 to 11 in the morning & from 
I to 5 in the afternoon, and from Michaelmass to Lady 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 79 

Day be from 8 to 1 1 in the morning & from i to 4 in the 
afternoon, or till such time as they can well learn their 
books. That the names of the Scholars be called over 
every morning and afternoon, & the absent or Tardy be 
punished as they deserve by the said Master, and that 
the Master do by no means suffer any Stealing, 
Swearing, Lying or any other gross immoral Behaviour 
to be in the Scholars but that he punish the same 
proportionably to the fault And if he find any of the 
Scholars notoriously guilty & incorrigible that he do 
present their names to the Trustees in order to their 
expulsion. 

"7. Item, that the Master read prayers in the 
School every morning either to be taken from the Book 
of Common prayer or others to be approved of by 
the Minister of the respective Parishes, & that a Chapter 
shall be read every morning by one of the Boys 
appointed by the said Master either before or after 
the Prayer as the Master shall think fitt. 

" 8. Item, that the School break up at a convenient 
time not exceeding eight days before the feasts of 
Christmas, Easter, Whitsunday, and St Bartholomew 
And that the Master demand nothing of the Poor 
Children's Parents, either at their breaking up or 
entrance into the said School. 

'* 9. Item that for the better encouragement of the 
said Master, that (besides the standing income settled by 
the Decree in Chancery upon the said Master, pursuant 
to the Will of M' Robert Ozler deceased) it be 
permitted and allowed to the said Master to take into 
his School & there teach & instruct in Reading Writing, 
as also in the Latin & Greek Tongues with such other 



l80 HISTORY OF LETTON. 

learning as their Parents or Guardians shall desire, such 
& SO many other children as may be no manner of 
hindrance to the well Teaching of the Poor Children of 
the Foundation, of which the Trustees to be the Judges, 
& for recompense & pains in so doing he be permitted & 
at liberty to take & receive of the Parents of the said 
Children or of such persons as shall sqnd their Children 
to be taught & instructed in his School, such stipend and 
Reward as they shall agree upon. 

" lo. Item, that there be two General Visitations of 
the said school every year by the said Trustees, the one 
within lo days after Lady- day, & the other within lo 
days after Michaelmas-day, to examine the Behaviour 
both of the Master & the Scholars and upon default 
in either the Master or the Scholars that the Trustees 
proceed to admonition or Expulsion as shall be expedient, 
To which General Meeting or oftener if occasion require 
there sTiall be summons sent to all the Trustees at least 
six da)'s before the day appointed, which summons the 
Master shall be obliged to issue out, and that by a 
writing which he shall send to them as he best can, 
at which Meeting the said Trustees being so met together 
or so many of them as do then & there appear shall 
examine whether the rules appointed for the government 
of the said School be complyed with & performed, & of 
the proficiency of the Scholars, & the Diligence & good 
behaviour of the Master, and further to Order & appoint 
such things to be done ; as they who then meet shall 
think fitt for the management & promotion of the good of 
the School, & regulation thereof. 

*' II. Item, that the Trustees for the Government of 
the said School appointed by the Decree before 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. l8l 

mentioned being in Number 12 It is ordered & 
appointed as a standing Rule for the well governing ol 
the said School pursuant to the aforementioned Order 
& Decree, that when & as oft as the said Trustees shall 
either by Death or removal to dwell out of the said 
Parishes be reduced to 5 dwelling within the said 
Parishes, then such Trustees or the Major part of them 
(all being duly summoned to the said Meeting as before 
mentioned) shall elect & choose 5 New Trustees living in 
the Parishes in the room of those who shall then be dead 
or removed as aforesaid. 

** 12. Item that the said Schoolmaster do Register 
in a book to be provided for that purpose the names & 
ages of the Children that shall be admitted as Free 
Scholars of the said School, & the time of their entry or 
admission, & of all the Orders Resolutions & Actings of 
the said Trustees in reference to their Trust. 

" 13. Item It is further ordered & appointed that 
the House, Out-house & Premises of the said School- 
house being put into good and Sufficient repair before 
the admission of the Master, the said Master shall keep, 
uphold, sustain, & maintain the said House & Premises 
with all manner of needful & necessary reparations 
during his abode in that house & so leave the same 
at the time of his death or removal, excepting still 
any calamity that may happen by Fire. 

*' 14. Item, chat these Rules & Orders be fair wrote' 
and engrossed m Parchment of which there shall be two 
fair Copies one of which to be put in a frame & hung up 
in some convenient place in the School-house, in such 
place as the Trustees shall appoint for the better 
securing of the same. 



l82 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

*' All which Orders & Rules before recited and 
expressed for the good Government of the said School, 
having been allowed & approved pursuant to the Order & 
Decree before mentioned by the Right Honb^® the Lord 
High Chancellor of Great Brittain are hereby declared 
& established to be the Orders & Rules by which the said 
School shall be governed & managed. At a Meeting of 
the Trustees for the said School this Thirteenth day of 
February 170^1, . 

"John Strype 
**John Cookes 
"Edw: Chishull. **John Morrice • 

** Fisher Tench 
"John Fisher." 

1710. g admitted into the Free-school of M' Rob' Ozler 

Names of "^ 

fiy^f deceased. 
Scholars gy ^^^ Nomination of y* Trustees of Low Lay ton. 

admitted, 

Jacob son of William Watkins 11 years old enter** 
June 27. 

Daniel Son of John Davis 8 years old enter'd July 10. 

John Son of George Turner 10 years old enter'd July 31*'* 

George Son of George Turner y* same age enter** 
July 31^'- 

John Son of W°* Franklyn 9 years old enter** July 3i**- 

By the Nomination ot y* Trustees of Walthamstow. 

Aaron Son ot Giles Margerson 11 years old admitted 

June 26***- 
John son of Joseph Schooling 8 years old, enter^ July i8***' 
William Son of William Macarius 8 years old enter** 

July 26^*^ 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



183 



Richard Son of Sutton 10 years old enter"* Septem^*^ 30^*'' 
Samuel Son of Widow Smith 12 years old admitted 
Novemb' 14'^* 

Boys were dismissed the School after three years ; if 
they were not withdrawn before ; which happened in very 
many cases. 

In 1744 ** Reason of Dismission " began to be 
given. Some of them may be interesting. 
Shadrack Coo. Dismissed Dec 19, 1746. To learn 

accompts to be qualified for business. 
John Franklyn. Dismissed 1749. Taken into y® Blue 

Coat Hospital. 
John Horn admitted 1756. Gone to service at the 

green man at Laytonstone the time neglected. 
Henry Wakefield. Dismissed Dec i. 1760. Taken 

away and sent to the weavers on the Forrest. 
Jno: Hasler May 17, 1762. This child died of the 

small pox. 

Mr. Phillips the First Schoolmaster seems to have 
been appointed by Charles Hopton ; before the Decretal 
Order in the Court of Chancery ; for in the " first settle- 
ment of the School" dated June 30th, 1709, he is referred 
to as having been Schoolmaster for one year & a half, & 
having been paid ^18 by the said Charles Hopton. 

A Meeting of the Trustees was held (apparently 
the first) for the purpose of examining the Children, they 
** were called & examined singly concerning their 
proficiency in their Learning, before M^ John Cookes, 
M' Charles Blunt, & John Strype Vicar" '' Who saw 
their writings, heard them read in the Bible, & repeat the 
Church Catechism. In all which they were approved & 
M' Carter the Master thanked for his Diligence." 



" Reasons 

of 
dismission.*' 



The first 

Master, 

Mr,Phiaips. 



1711. 
October 8th. 
Examina- 
tion. 



i84 



HISTORY OF LEVTON. 



1712. 

May lath. 

Two scholars 

expelled. 



1718. 

Oct. 20th. 

Boys to be 

expelled if 

absent a 

month. 



1720. 

Oct. loth. 

•* Notorious 

lying:' 



1721. 

AprU nth. 

New 

Trustees 

appointed. 



Richard Sutton and John Davis were the two first 
scholars who distinguished themselves, but not 
gloriously, for on May 12th, 171 2, the former was 
expelled for " negligent & disorderly conduct" and the 
latter " admonished for swearing & playing truant." 

A New rule was made to the effect *" that if any boy 
shall be absent from the School, for the space of one 
Month together he shall be utterly afterwards discharged 
from the School." ** Favour" was to be shewn in case 
of sickness. 

** Grey of Walthamstow was admonished now a 
second time for notorious Lying." 

This is entered and signed by the Newly appointed 
Trustee the Rev. Edm. Chishull Minister of 
Walthamstow. 

The Trustees having been reduced to five by death 
and removal ; the following Gentlemen were appointed to 
make the number ten, according to the Decree of the 
Court of Chancery. 

Benjamin Moyer. 
Peregrine Bertie* 
Sir Henry Maynard Bar: 
John Conyers 
Robert Dennet. 
The other five at this date were. 
(Rev.) John Strype 
(Rev.) Edm^ Chishull 
Nath: Tench 
Walter Ryan 
John Cookes. 

* " z6go Aug 17. Mr. Peregrine Bertie, son of the late Earl of Lindsey, upon 
a wager ran the Mall in St. James' Park eleven times in less than an hovLr,**— Diary 
of Narcissus Luttrell. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



185 



Mr. Charles Young the Schoolmaster voluntarily 
resigning, the '* Trustees then & there present do 
unanimously elect the Rev: M' David Capon Clerk* to 
be School-Master of the said School." 

The next Meeting of the Trustees was November gth, 
1723 : but there was not another Meeting till June 25th, 
1744; when the following Minute was made by the 
sole surviving Trustee : — 

*' Whereas thro' the Long Indisposition of the 
Reverend M' Strype the Regular Meetings & Visitations 
for the Better Management of the Charity Have not 
been Held, And Whereas the only Remaining Trustee 
is Benjamin Moyer Esq, & It is therefore Become 
Necessary to add Nine more Trustees, so as (according 
to the former precedent in 1721) there may be six of the 
Parish of Low Layton & four of the parish of Waltham- 
stow : The said Benjamin Moyer Esq Doth hereby 
Nominate & appoint The Reverend John Dubordieu, 
Vicar of Low Leyton, Sir John Strange Knt, John 
Phillips Esq, Peregrine Bertie- Esq, and Samuel 
Bosanquet Esq all Inhabitants & Freeholders of the 
said parish of Low Leyton : And also the Reverend M' 
Collins Vicar of Walthamstow, Sir Will" Maynard Bart, 
William Woolhall Esq, & Thomas Allen Esq In- 
habitants & Freeholders of the said parish of Waltham- 
stow, to be Trustees of the said Charity, & continue in 
such Trust During their Lives unless they remove out of 

the said Parish. 

"Benj : Moyer." 

These "New Brooms" began with the usual 
disturbance of dust, but soon the quiet dust resumed 



1723. 

Sept. 2yd. 
Chas Young 

resigns^ 
DavidCapon 

elected, 

1723. 

Nov. gth. 

No Meeting 

of Trustees 

for twenty 

years, 

1744. 
fune 2$th. 

Nine 

Trustees 

appointed. 



* Also Curate and Lectarer. 



i86 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1.748. 

April yylh. 

No one to 

examine. 



1760. 
Jan. i8<A. 
A New 
School- 
house 
Wanted. 



its peaceful reign, judging at least by the following 
entry. 

"Memorandum. That in pursuance of Summons 
sent to the Trustees by the Reverend M*" Capon, to meet 
here this day, in order to the Annual Visitation of the 
School, the Master and Scholars attended accordingly 
from ten in the Morning till past one in the afternoon, 
When (no gentlemen being come, & there appeared 
no probability of any coming) the boys went through the 
usual Examinations, very much to their Master's & 
their own credit, and it is a great pity, that there were no 
more present, to be Witnesses of M*" Capon's care & 
diligence and of the proficiencey, decent behaviour, & 
neatness of the poor children. 

** John Dubordieu." 

Mr. Wells the Schoolmaster, presented a " Humble 
Petition " to the Trustees, shewing that, by the terms of 
Mr. Ozler's will he is obliged to reside in the School-house, 
but he has a large School of other Boys ** and the present 
school room being but small & the house very old," 
he makes "humble request" that they will "give him 
leave to pull down the present boarded house & enable 
him to build a brick Dwelling house as by the plan 
annexed or any other they shall think more proper. 
That he will Tyle the present thatch & barn & make it 
into a Large school room by which the premises will be 
much improved for the purposes of the Charity." 

The Trustees considered this suggestion of the School 
Master " proper," and graciously gave him permission to 
collect the money needed, which was estimated at ^^250. 
The money does not seem to have been forthcoming, for 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



187 



in August, 1763, five of the Trustees signed an appeal to 
the inhabitants of both Parishes for ;f 140 ; by the 
7th of May, 1764, only £^\ i8s. 6^, had been received ; with 
which and any ** more that might be had " ; Mr. Wells un- 
dertook to build in accordance with a second plan laid 
before the Trustees, "with good & proper materials 
viz. the Front & each End to be built of Brick, & the 
Back Front of Boards." 

The Trustees met and received a petition for Mr. 
Wells, the Schoolmaster, in which he does " now humbly 
beg leave to lay not only the accounts, but his unfeigned 
supplication relating to the deficiency of the money 
arising to defray the charges so contracted." From his 
account it appears that ^A^i 13s. 6Jrf. had been expended, in 
addition to the ;^i40 for which he had undertaken to 
build. Towards this ;f 1 08 13s. 6i. had been promised and 
;^99 45. 6i. paid. The Trustees appear to ignore the 
;^4i 135. t\d.^ anddirect the Schoolmaster to apply to those 
who have promised ** and others," in hopes of raising the 
whole sum oi £1^0* With what success is unknown, but 
by October 6th, 1770, the ** Extras" had amounted to 
;^52 125. 6|^., and the Trustees then allowed " the School- 
master to give the Boys a HoUiday for a few Mondays or 
Saturdays in order to apply for assistance towards 
raising the money now remaining unpaid to the Work, 
men." This probably produced something, but certainly 
not enough, for on June 20th, 1774, the Trustees met to 
elect another Schoolmaster, Richard Thompson, in the 
room of Henry Wells, he having " died since the last 
Meeting," and at the same meeting their Minutes close 
with the following paragraph : — ** There being now 
something behind remaining Due to compieat the sum 



1766. 
Du. 2gth. 

An 
^ ^unfeigned 
supplica- 
tion:' 



1774- 

fum 20th. 

Richard 

Thompson 

elected in 

place of 

Wells, 



1 88 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

of £140 for the Building the Schoolhouse, it is 
recommended to the Gentlemen of the two Parishes 
to give assistance towards paying the same." This 
appeal produced £55 i8s. od. out of which '^ £10 12s. od. 
being the remaining balance not received to make up 
the sum of £140'^ was paid to Mrs. Wells, through 
her son ; she is also ordered to " put the Premises in 
proper Repair before she quits." Nothing is said about 
the ** Extras," £$2 12s. 6|i., but ;^2i is given to 
Mrs. Wells, being a '* gratuity " and in " Consideration of 
the great expences incurred by my late husband, & of the 
indigent circumstances I am left in." The balance in 
hand of the Trustees was reserved for future expenses, 
but ;^20 25. gd. was immediately spent on the School- 
house, which left £4 y. 3^. in their hands. 

1779- On Friday, January 8th, 1779, the School-house was 

J<m. Sth. ,, totally burnt down." On the eleventh of the same 
house burnt month the Trustees met and commissioned Mr. Wells, 

down, carpenter (a son probably of the late Schoolmaster) '* to 
have the premises cleared out, & to draw out a 
regular plan together with the several scantlings of the 
materials according to the size and dimensions of the 
former house before it was burnt down." A Mr. 
Tarling offered to rebuild it for ;fi30, but Mr. Wells 
proposed to rebuild it for £q8, according to ** the reduced 
plan directed by the last meeting." This proposal was 
accepted. It was also decided to make a representa- 
tion to both the parishes of Walthamstow and Leyton, 
and to desire them jointly to raise the sum of £84. 
This was apparently granted, for the Leyton Vestry 
February 8th, 1779, granted from the Poor Rates the 
sum of ;^42, to be paid in two instalments of ;^2i each. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON- 



189 



The following resolution was then agreed to by the 
Trustees: — ''That as there has been raised by the 
Charitable contributions of the Inhabitants within the 
said Parishes the sum of near £bo to assist the Master, 
it is proposed to take from the same the sum of ;^2o, 
in order to forward the said Re-building, & wh: was 
agreed to by the Master." 

The house was duly finished, and on October 25th, 
1779, the Trustees examined it, but found ''that the 
Tyls are so very over gauged that it rains in all over 
the House & Watch." This and several other smaller 
matters having been attended to, the balance due to 
Mr. Wells, according to his estimate, was paid to him ; 
and the sum of ^f 3 3s. 6i. being still in the hands of the 
Trustees, it was ordered to be paid to Mr, Thompsoni 
the Schoolmaster, "as a mark of the approbation of 
the Trustees with regard to his late care of the 
children." 

The School now seems to have pursued the even 
tenour of its way till October ist, 1787, when Mr. 
Thompson was requested by the Trustees to resign, 
in consequence of his refusal to sit with the boys 
during Divine Service at Church. 

At their next Meeting, October 8th, Mr. Richard 
Walker was chosen, " being the only candidate for the 
Vacant Office of Schoolmaster, & being well recom- 
mended for his abilities," 

Mr. Walker's abilities were so markedly manifested 
that by April 30th, 1808, when the Trustees met to examine 
the boys in the School in accordance with the requirements 



1779. 
Oct. 2sth. 
School- 
house 
rebuilt. 



1787. 

October 1st. 

Master will 

not sit with 

boys at 

Church. 



Mr. Walker 
chosen 
Master. 



igo 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Only two 

boys in the 

School. 



Young ladies 
instead. 



School 

Master 

arrested for 

debt. 



of the Trust, there were only " two boys in the School to 
be now examined." The Master's '* abilities *' had 
developed in quite another direction than teaching 
Charity boys ; for at this Meeting, '* The Trustees found 
that the Schoolmaster had established a School for the 
Board & Instruction of young Ladies & has now twenty 
one in the house And they are of opinion that such 
establishment is incompatible with the Institution of the 
free School according to Mr. Ozler's Will and that the 
School has of late been very much neglected & is fallen 
into disrepute owing to such neglect & to improper 
conduct in the Master towards his scholars wh: has 
made the Inhabitants of the Parishes of Ley ton & 
Walthamstow unwilling to send their Children to the 
School." 

Mr. Walker was " called in & informed hereof & 
told he must provide himself with another situation by 
Michaelmas next." Instead of doing this, however, he 
wrote to the Trustees — " each of them separately " — 
who after '* maturely weighing" the ** arguments" & 
"circumstances" stated by him, suspended their reso- 
lution ** for 12 months," in order to give him an 
opportunity to remove the " prejudices against him." 
To this desire of the Trustees he does not seem to 
have attained, for on October 29th, 18 10, *' The Trustees 
found that Mr, Walker (the Master) had been arrested 
for debt about three weeks ago & for want of Bail had 
been taken to Chelmsford Goal where he now 
remains." 

For the vacant Mastership there were two applicants 
** William Acton Evans of Loughton, & James Tucker 
of this Parish Serving Man." The former was chosen. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



191 



We must now go back a matter of nineteen years to 
record an incident, surely interesting to all friends of our 
Sunday Schools. 

January 3rd, 1791, at a Meeting of the Trustees: 

"Application was made to the Trustees, by the 
Committee for conducting the Sunday Schools in the 
parish of Leyton, for leave to erect a building, in the 
yard belonging to the Free School, for the accommo- 
dation of such children as are now under the care of 
M'* Ireland, wh: leave was accordingly granted, as it 
appeared to be a measure conducing greatly to the 
benefit of the parish : notwithstanding the leave is in 
no sort to interfere with the property & interest of 
M' Walker, the present Master of the Free School, 
who has been used to receive one guinea a year from 
M' Twigg, for the use of the premises we have now 
granted for the purpose of building a School room 
upon. The Trustees therefore agree to the request of 
the Committee upon condition that they pay to M' 
Walker & his successors one guinea a year, so long 
as they continue to occupy the premises." 

** Resolved that the Master be not required to take 
in more than fourteen, and that that number be con- 
sidered as filling up the number required to be instructed 
under Mr. Ozler's will." 

Mr. William Bosanquet died at Forest-house, March 
13th, 1813. The following is an extract from his will: 

** To the Trustees of Mr. Ozlers free school at 
Leyton Essex Two hundred pounds three per cent 



1791. 

January yd. 

A Sunday 

School 
commenced. 



1800. 
July jtk. 

Only 

Fourteen 

Scholars to 

be admitted. 

1813. 

Mr. W. 

Bosanquet 

leaves £200. 



192 



HISTORY OF LEYTON, 



Consolidated Annuities to be employed as they shall 
think proper in applying the Interest for the supply of 
writing books pens paper &c or otherwise as they shall 
judge best." 

The Trustees passed a vote of thanks to the 
Executors of Mr. Bosanquet, and by way of carrying 
out Mr. Bosanquet's wishes, '* resolved that Mr. Master- 
man be desired to receive the dividends on this legacy 
and invest them in the purchase of Stock in the like 
fund to accumulate until the Trustees shall order some 
other application thereof." 

This resolution was rescinded two years later, and 
** It was resolved that the Interest of the said Legacy 
should be received annually and divided equally among 
the Boys for their relief in those articles (i.e.y writing 
books, pens, and paper) as far as it will go." 

April ID, 1815. Application by Mr. Laprimaudaye 
on behalf of *' the Ladies conducting the Girls* School 
of Industry in this Parish to rent the Barn at the end 
of the School Room for the purpose of erecting a 
Habitation for a Schoolmistress." This was taken into 
consideration with the ** additional request of taking a 
slip of ground to continue the present passage the 
whole extent of the Barn on the South front thereof 
as a passage to the proposed Habitation." Both 
requests were granted on condition that the sum of 
£4. per annum was paid to the Schoolmaster. 

1846. June 2nd, 1846. At a meeting of the Trustees it was 

June 2nd. Resolved : '* In order to carry out more effectually the 

School' . . r »* ^ t 1 ^ ^ , . 

house to he intentions of Mr. Ozler the Founder of the Free School 
rebuilt. at Leyton it appears necessary from the dilapidated state 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



193 



of the present house that it should be pulled down and 
rebuilt upon a more extended scale, so as to accommodate 
the children of the Parish generally including girls as well 
as boys & that it would be desirable to appropriate the 
money now in course of collection for building the 
National Schools to the purpose above stated." 

At a meeting of the Trustees of Mr. Ozler's 
Charity and the Subscribers to the Leyton National 
Schools on June 6th, 1846, Resolved : 

'* I. That the recommendation of the Trustees of 
Mr. Ozler's School of the 2nd June be approved. 

'* 2. That Mr. John Lane be requested to ascertain 
the practicability of acting upon the foregoing resolution, 
& to obtain the sanction of the Court of Chancery to 
the New rules & regulations for the government of the 
said School. 

'* 3. That the Rev: C. H. Laprimaudaye the Rev : J. 
Pardoe, Messrs. Cotton, Capper, Pardee & Copeland be a 
Committee to carry out the same." 

At a subsequent meeting, June 29th, the following 
two resolutions were passed : 

**i. That new rules & regulations for the Manage- 
ment of Ozler's Free School be drawn up by Mr. W. 
Cotton & Mr. J. Lane.' 

*^ 2. That a petition be prepared and presented to the 
Court of Chancery by Mr. J. Lane with a view of 
obtaining the consent of the Court to such rules." 

What these New Rules were and how they worked I 
have been unable to find, as no book is to be found from 



Girls to be 
admitted. 



1846. 
New rules 

and 
regulations. 



194 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1863, 
Feb, gth. 
New Log 

Book, 



1863. 
April isth. 
Rules as to 

fees. 



1866. 

Jan. 2yd. 

Singing. 



1866. 

ApfU 20th. 

Planting 

Potatoes. 



1877. 



Class Rooms 
added. 



this date until February gth, 1863, when a new Log Book 
was commenced under the New Code of 1862. The School 
was now called " Ozler's Charity, United with Leyton 
National School." The following are extracts from this 
Log Book. 

New rules as to fees introduced : 

*' Children of Parents whose weekly earnings are less 
than 18/- are requested to pay id. each per week ; if the 
earnings amount to 18/- 2d. ; if 21/- 3d. ; if 24/- 4d. 

" The third child in either School will be free. No 
payments will be made this year in the Infant School." 

The Master enters as follows : 

"Mr. Clark came in this afternoon at 3.20 and took 
the boys to the girls' School to teach them singing. He 
says he is going to take them twice a week, and the 
Organist oncei so that I shall have them two afternoons 
during the week ! " 

'* Many of the boys are at work planting potatoes 
etc." 

In his Annual Report of the Leyton Charities this 
year the Vicar inserts this paragraph : — 

" During the past year, the Trustees have determined 
to improve both Boys' and Girls' Schools, by the addition 
of large, cheerful, well-ventilated Class-rooms. They 
have also erected a new Infant School, with Class-room 
attached — ^which will entitle this School to a Government 
Grant, hitherto withheld partly on account of the 
inefficiency of the former room : and the Infant School 
Mistress' House is nearly altogether new." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



195 



.In the following year, 1878, is the following account for 
this enlargement : — 



Subscriptions received 

Payments. £ s, d. 

Forrest, Mr. C, Builder 1,138 i 5 

Gas Fittings, Fencing, Painting, 

Furniture 31 18 7 

Fraser, Mr. J., Gardens, Trees, 



£ s. d. 
1.374 15 o 



Gravel 

Perry, Drains 

Druce, Fencing 

Golding, Gas 

Hughes, Painting, Glazing 
Sayer, Carpenter 



71 15 2 
13 12 8 
20 17 2 

5 10 3 
300 
13 II I 1,298 6 4 

Balance in hand £^6 8 8 



In August, 1884, were added, *' at a cost of over 
;^200, two new cloak rooms and lavatories to the ancient, 
if not very attractive, premises of our National Schools," 

The following is an account of the latest additions to 
the National Schools : 

" Three legacies, amounting to ;f 580, left by Miss 
Sarah and Miss Eliza Hibbert in 1884 and 1886 to the 
Vicar and Churchwardens- of Leyton in trust 
for the benefit of the Parish. Part of this sum the 
Trustees have expended in the erection of a very comely 
and convenient building at the north end of the Schools 
and connected with them by a much-needed Cloak Room 
which also forms a Porch. This building (which has 
now become known as the * Hibbert Room ' ) did not 
exhaust the legacies, so Mr. Hibbert has generously 



1884. 
August. 

Cloak 
Rooms, 



1888. 

Mar. ^ist. 

Hihhert 

Room. 



igS HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

supplemented the remaining balance with such a hand- 
some donation, that the School Trustees have been 
enabled to erect a splendid Class Room at the south end 
of the old School block, and to supplant the very 
meagre " lean-to *' which previously existed. We have 
thus two beautiful wings placed on the old picturesque 
body of buildings, and these will prove not only an 
invaluable acquisition to our Parish but also permanent 
and fitting memorials of a family to whose liberality 
Ley ton will be lastingly indebted." 

1892. Feeling that this account of the beginning and progress 

Elementary ^f a Elementary Education " in Leyton would not be 
complete without the record of what is now being done 
in this direction within the boundaries of the Old Parish, 
I wrote to R. Vincent, Esq., Clerk to the Leyton School 
Board, and he very courteously furnished me with the 
following particulars of what had been done to the close 
of the financial year, 1892. 

** There are under the Board seven Schools as 
follows : — 

Kirkdale Road. 

Church Road. 

Harrow Green 

Newport Road 

Mayville Road 

Lea Bridge Road (Mixed.) 

Ruckholt. 

Number of Teachers 167 

Scholars on Books (September, 1892) 7243 
Average attendance 5758 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



197 









Cost for the Year. 








Rate. 


Govt. Grant 


Total. 


Kirkdale Road 




;^2294 


;^840 


;^3i34 


Church Road 




2426 


853 


3279 


Harrow Green 




2869 


IOI5 


3884 


Newport Road 




2386 


1044 


3430 


Mayville Road 




2330 


977 


3307 


*Lea Bridge Road 


(M 


ixed) 






*Ruckholt 











;^I2,305 



4729 



17.034" 



To this must be added, for the National Schools, 

Teachers 

Scholars on Books 

Scholars in Average Attendance ... 



Voluntary Subscriptions .. 
Government Grant 
Other sources 



12 
609 

£ 5. d. 

^75 o 5 

807 3 II 

76 6 5 

This gives a total cost of ;^i 8,092 spent in our parish 
for Elementary Education in the year 1892. 

" Leyton School Board. 

** The first School Board for the Parish of Leyton 
otherwise Low Leyton, was formed on the 8th July, 
1874, and was constituted by the election of seven 
members, as follows : Messrs. W. Barclay, F. D. Blyth, 
G. C. Capper, C. S. Carey (succeeded on death by 
Mr. Bare), G. Chew, W, Fowler, and W. Martindale 
(succeeded on death by Mr. Bishop). Mr. Fowler was 
elected Chairman ; Mr. Capper, Vice-Chairman ; and 
Mr. Ralph Vincent, Clerk. 



1891. 

July 22nd. 

Statement 

presented ofi 

the occasion 

of laying the 

Memorial 

Stone of 

Ruckholt 

Schools, 



' First year. Returns not complete. 



19^ HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

" In that year it was ascertained that there was an 
immediate deficiency of school accommodation for 1128 
children, as thus shewn : — 

Boys. Girls. Infants. Total. 

Ley ton 39 57 250 346 

Leytonstone ... 52 151 200 403 

Harrow Green . . 67 72 240 379 

Total ... 1 128 
** Three Schools, viz., Kirkdale Road, Church Road, 
and Harrow Green Schools, were erected and opened 
during the term of office of the first Board. 

'* The accommodation provided at this time was as 
follows : — 

Boys. Girls. Infants. Total. 

Kirkdale Road ... 112 174 196 482 

Church Road ... 179 161 200 540 

Harrow Green ... 176 200 225 601 

Total ... 1623 

**By order of the Education Department, issued in 
May, 1877, the number of members was increased 
from seven to nine, and in July, 1877, the second 
Board was constituted as follows: — Dr. Aldom (suc- 
ceeded on resignation by Mr. Biggs), Messrs. E. Bare, 
F. D. Blyth, G. C. Capper, G. Chew, W. Fowler, 
J. Gallaher, W. Marshall, and L. W. Workman. Mr. 
Fowler and Mr. Capper were re-elected Chairman and 
Vice-Chairman. 

" During the term of office of this Board the Kirkdale 
Road Schools were enlarged, further provision being 
made for 112 additional boys. 

" The Members of this, the second Board, were, until 
1878, spared the necessity of making further provision 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 1 99 

at Leyton, in consequence of the additional accommo- 
dation provided by the enlargement of the National 
Schools. 

'^ Up to this period the only public school accommo- 
dation for that portion of Wanstead Parish commonly 
known as Wanstead Slip, was that found at the 
Harrow Green School. Owing, however, to the repeated 
complaints and protests of this Board, an order was 
issued for the formation of a School Board for that 
Parish. Schools under the Wanstead Board, imme- 
diately adjoining the Harrow Green district have since 
been erected. 

** Notwithstanding the relief thus given, it became 
necessary, in 1878 to enlarge Harrow Green School to 
the extent of 376 additional school places. In 1879 
the Kirkdale Road Schools were further enlarged by 
providing 172 places; and in the same year further 
accommodation for 170 children was given by the 
enlargement of the Church Road Schools. 

'*The third Board was elected in July, i88o, and 
was constituted as follows : — Messrs. Fowler (Chairman), 
Capper (Vice-Chairman), Biggs, Bare, Blyth, Chew, 
Gallaher, Marshall and Tabrum. 

"During the term of office of the third Board, Kirk- 
dale Road, Harrow Green, and Church Road Schools 
were again enlarged and 504 additional places provided. 
Newport Road Schools with accommodation for 1040 
scholars, were also erected and opened. 

"The fourth Board was elected in July, 1883, and 
was constituted as follows: — Major Capper (succeeded 
on death by Mrs. Gurley), Messrs. Birch, Blyth, Bryant, 



i06 iaiSTORV OF levton. 

Mason, Parker, Poulter, Reeve, and Tabram : Mr. 
Kerwin also became a member on the death of Mrs. 
Gurley, and Mr. H. E. Lester on the retirement of Mr. 
Blyth. Major Capper, Mr. Blyth, and Mr. Burnett 
Tabrum were successively Chairmen, and Mr. Blyth, 
Mr. Burnett Tabrum, and Major Poulter, successively 
Vice-Chairmen of this Board. During the term of oifice 
of the fourth Board additional accommodation was 
provided at Newport Road for 60 Infants, bringing up 
the total public Elementary School accommodation to 
4637 places. 

"The fifth Board was elected in July, 1886, and was 
constituted as follows : — Mr. Burnett Tabrum, J. P. 
(Chairman), Mr. J. Birch (Vice-Chairman), Captain 
Gallaher, Messrs. Kerwin, Mason, Moysey, Parker, 
J. E. Smith, and Ware, Major Poulter (on retirement 
of Mr. Moysey), and Mr. Derbyshire (on retirement of 
Captain Gallaher). 

" During the term of office of the fifth Board, the 
Mayville Road School, providing accommodation for 
1362 children, was commenced. This school was opened 
after the election of the sixth and present Board. 

*^ By order of the Education Department issued in 
April, i88g, the number of members were increased from 
nine to eleven, and in July of the same year, the sixth 
Board was constituted as follows : — Mr. Burnett Tabrum 
J. P. (Chairman), Mr. J. Birch (Vice-Chairman), Major 
Poulter, Messrs. Atkins, Brooks, Davis, Derbyshire, 
Kerwin, Shadrake, Simonds, and Ware. 

" Since the opening of the Mayville Road School the 
present Board have modernised and extended the two 



rtlStORY OF LEYTON. 201 

earliest schools of the Board, i.e.^ Kirkdale and Church 
Road, the first erected sixteen, the second fifteen years 
since. By these extensions 284 additional school places 
have been provided, whilst the conveniences incident to 
modern schools have been provided. 

" The continued and rapid increase of population, 
from about 11,000 at the formation of the Board in 1874, 
to over 44,000 at the present time, and the crowded 
condition of the present schools has rendered the 
provision of additional accommodation absolutely neces- 
sary. To meet this need, sites have been secured at 
Ruckholt, Quarter-mile Lane, and in Lea Bridge Road, 
whereon it is proposed to erect schools affording further 
provision for 1596 children, viz., 1361 at Ruckholt, and 
235 at Lea Bridge Road, bringing up the total school 
places provided since the formation of the School Board 
to 7299. 

*^ The erection of the Ruckholt School has been 
commenced, and in pursuance of a Resolution of the 
Board, Mrs. Burnett Tabrum, in the presence of the 
members and officers of the Board, as also of the 
teachers and children representing the other schools, 
is now about to lay a Memorial Stone recording the latest 
act of the Board to meet the needs of a large and 
continually increasing community. 

*' BURNETT TABRUM, Chairman, 

''R. VINCENT, Clerk. 
^' 22nd July^ 1 89 1. 

"The following are the present (1892) members and 1892. 

officers of the Leyton School Board :— . ^'^^^ 

Major Poulter (Chairman), Assembly House, Leyton- Board. 
stone. 



202 HISTORY OF LETTON. 

Atkins, Wm., Daisy Villa, Westdown Road, Stratford 

New Town, E. 
Bean, Jno., 29, Manor Road, Leyton. 

Brooks, W. T., 2, Arlington Villas, Fairlop Road, 
Leytonstone. 

D'aeth, Jno., 2, Alice Villas, Birkbeck Road, Harrow 
Green, Leytonstone. 

Davis, E. J. (Vice-Chairman), Broomhill, Vicarage 
Road, Leyton. 

Forrow, A., Clarendon Villa, Hainault Road, Leyton- 
stone. 

Hooper, George, Brooklyn, New Fillebrook Road, 
Leytonstone. 

Shadrake, W. G., 3, Cranborne Villas, High Road, 
Leyton. 

Smith, J. E., Durham Villa, Grange Park Road. Leyton. 

Waller, W. R., Gleniffer, 35, Manor Road, Leyton. 

Clerk and Solicitor — Vincent, R., Town Hall, Leyton, 
and Fembank, Fairlop Road, LeytcHistone. 

Architect — Newman, J. T., 2, Fen Court, Fenchurch 
Street, E.C. 

Visiting Officers — Lash, S., 27, Wragby Road, Leyton- 
stone ; Cox, Geo., 26, Leyton Park Road, Leyton; 
Chapman, A., 7, Sedgwick Road, Leyton." 




CHAPTER III. 



•• Papers & Wrightings "— " Building & Endowing "—Bad condition of the Houses 

— Application for sight of Will— Repair the whole Buildingf— Jeffery's Legacy /200 

— ;f30O from Mr. Lane— /20o from Mr. Daubuz— ;f230 from Mrs. Moyer— Alms 

Houses re-built- /300 from Miss Hibbert— £300 from Misses Graham. 




HE following extracts tell in their own way the 
origin and history of the Alms Houses : — 

"^A memorandum of those papers & 
wrightings that consern the Alms-house in the parish of 
Leyton in Essex and now in y* custody of Lawrence 
Moyer Esq. 

** I. Imprimis a Deed of bargen and sale from S"" 
Thomas Lake K' to M' Thomas Haford bearing date y® 
2°*^ of June XXP of King Charles y® firste 1645 of a 
messuage and four closes of land containing 18 acres of 
land now in the occupation of Jn° Perrey, being parte of 
Hughes Farme now in the occupation of William Weale 
1703- 

" n. A Deed of the said Tho. Lake of the above 
low land enrowled in Chancrey y® 8 day of July 1645. 

" HL A Deed of the said Tho Lake for the giveing 
of the primises Dated y 8 Day of July 1645. 



'* Papers and 
wrightings," 



204 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

'' IV. An Indenture from Jn" Butler Rich. Garnet & 
Jn° Butler Jun^ being a convaiyance of a farme settlement 
of the primises of a messuage unto the above said Tho. 
Haford 1658. 

" V. A conveyance for Capt" Geo Swanley of the 
ground whereupon the alms hous stands unto William 
Love and Thomas Hawford dated y® 2^^^ of May 1656. 

** VI. A Deed of Setlement from William Love and 
Tho. Haford to Danel Andrews and y® rate of the 
Trustees for the almshouse dated the /*" of Febriary 1658. 

**VII. A Deed therof enrowled in Chancerey 
bearing the same date. 

*' VIII. A Deed of the convayance of the above said 
Estate from Tho. Haford to the afore said Trustees bear- 
ing Date y** ninth day of Febriary 1658. 

** IX. A Counterparte of the Leas from the Trustees 
to Tho. Haford for a thousand years paying 20**- p Year 
dated y** 10*** of Febuary 1658. 

"X. A Counterparte of the bargen and sale made 
from M' Andrews and others to M' Tho. Haford 1658. 
A coppey of M' Jn** Smiths codicel to his will .... 
and appointing M' Love and M'' Haford to finish y* alms- 
house. 

"XII. A conveyance of the above seiz*^ Estate from 
Danell Andrews and Lawrence Moyer Esq. to other 
Trustees viz M' Martaine Goodfellow, M' Richard Sadler 
M' Jno Strype and M' Dalby Thomas Dated 26 of March 
1683. 

*' XIII. The Will of M^ Jn° Smith y* founder of y* 
said ajms house bearing date y* 20 day of October 1653 
. . . . of the primises were taken by Danell Andrews 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



205 



and Lawrence Moyer Esq. and given to Jn° Strype in his 
own name and in y* name of Matthias Goodfellow 
Richard Sadler and Dalby Thomas on y* 14'^ of April 
1680 this sedual of papers conserning ye almshouse was 
taken on the ninth day of September 1680 by us 
Laurance Moyer Matthias Goodfellow, John Strype and 
Rich. Sadler An. 1685. When ye wrightings conserning 
y* almshouse wear brought to mee and delivered to mee 
by M' Nicholas Charlten upon the death of Captain 
Moyer there wear but eleven defrent wrightings beside 
this M' John Smiths laste will being wanting John Strype 
in this box is now aded July the 20 171 1. A instrument 
of convayance of the estate belonging to y" almshouse 
aforesaid from Jn** Strype Clarke to Fish*' Tench Esq. 
Rob' Boyer Lawrence Moyer Peter Cartwright John 
Cooke gentelmen trustees of the same July 2"** 1722. 
Memorandem. All now deceased except S' Fisher Tench 
and Jn° Strype fouer new trustees neseceary to be noma- 
nated by y** survivers. 

*' XIV. All the trustees of y* aforesaid almshouse 
being deceased exept S"^ Fisher Tench Bar. and Jno Strype 
Vic. y® said two survivers made a new convayance of the 
said Hughs farme for the use of the almshouse dated 
Aug. 21 1722 in the ninth year of the Raine of Kinge 
George to Perrygreen Berrtey David Gancell John 
Phillipps Benj" Moyer Benj" Collier and Peter Cart- 
wright Esq all inhabetants of the said parish of Leyton a 
paper of all this a transcript from M'' Strypes owne 
wrightings."* 

*' M*' John Smith late of this parish Merchant built a 
fair Almshouse of brick adjoyning to y® Churchyard on 
y^ west containing eight rooms for as many poor people 

• Copied from page 7 of Vestry Book, 1723 to 1752. 



Building 

and 

Endowment, 



206 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

of this parish & endowed it with twenty pounds p annum 
y* is to say y* y* said poor people shall receive fifty 
shillings a piece yearly by quarterly payments for their 
maintenance during their abiding in y* said house. The 
said John Smith did in his last wil & Testament wil & 
appoint his Executors William Love Citlsen & Alderman 
of London & Thomas Haford of Low Ley ton Gentleman 
to settle certain lands & tenaments upon Feoffees for y*" 
same use as appeareth by his Wil dated y* 20 day of 
Octob 1653 this was accordingly by y"" done y* 7 day of 
February 1658. Then they granted bargained and sold 
for this use all y* messuage or Tenement with outhouse 
barnes stables &c late in y** occupation of John Overal 
Yeoman now in y* occupation of John Perry & also those 
four closes of land meddow & pasture in Leyton aforesaid 
to y* said messuage & tenement belonging cnteyning 
together by estimation 18 acres more or less w*"^ said 
messuage or Tenement closes & premises to ly together 
& abut upon y* lands late of Edward Mainard Gntleman 
[now of Richard Hutchnson Eq] towards y* south upon 
y* lands of y* Lady Ashfield in part & y® lands of y^ said 
Edward Mainard in part toward y* west upon y* lane 
leading to Hemstals green towards y* north & upon the 
highway leading from Leyton Church to Walthamstow 
towards y* East & are part of a farm called Hughs Farm. 

** The Feoffees in trust to w"" y' premises were made 
over were Daniel Andrewesof Laytonstone Eq Lawrence 
Moyer W™ Bowyer & Thomas Jenery al of Low Layton 
Gentlemen And this was settled by y* said Executors 
upon y* said Feoffees an Estate of Inheritance in fee 
simple And for continuance of Trustees for this Alms 
house for ever it was consented and aggreed between 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



207 



y* said Executors & y* four above named Feoffees y' as 
often as al y* Trustees except two be dead then y* survi- 
vors shal make a new conveyance or assurance to some 
other certain number of sufficient honest able men w^ 
then shalbe Inhabitants of Low Leyton parish not 
exceeding the number of five or six at y* most & not 
under y* number of four w""** said conveyance or Assurance 
shalbe to & for y* use of the said surviving Trustees or 
y® said other persons to w" y** same shal bee' so made to 
& for the trusts & purposes aforesaid." 

At a Vestry held at the " Rose and Crown " 
" S' Fisher Tench Barr* represented to y* Vestry y** badd 
state & condition of y® Alms Houses for y* repairing of which 
y* Donor M' Smith had made no provision & proposed y* as 
y® same was of great Benefit to y*" Parish & as no other 
persons than their poor were admitted into them y* y* 
Churchwarden for y* time being should take care y* y* 
Tyling thereof should be so mended as to keep out the 
wett & make such other repairs as are absolutely neces- 
sary till y" general repair thereof be taken into considera- 
tion at some future Vestry to which y* Vestry unanimously 
agreed & do order ye Church Wardens to conform thereto. 

** Jn Phillips Churchwarden 
Will Dunster 
Fish' Trench 
Benj Moyer 
Tho Thorpe." 

The Vestry ordered 

" That M' Holloway the Churchwarden apply to the 
owners of the Estate settled upon the Almes Houses to 
let the Parish have a sight of the Donors will & give such 



1734- 

October ytk. 

Bad 

condition 

of the 

Alms 

Houses, 



1735- 

July 7th. 

Application 

for sight of 

will. 



208 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

other sattisfaction as may be necessary to prove wither 
there is any provision made for the repairs. 

** E HoUoway Churchwarden.^^ 

1738. ii The Committee of Vestrey for repairing the Alms 

jj\ \^ ., Hous mett at the Rose and Crowne. 

Repair the 

wkoU Present M' SoUisiter General 
building. y[r Bertie 

M*^ Thorpe 
M' Read 
M^ Phillipps 

and upon a general view of the said Alms Houses 
and Gardens agreed with M' Mills Bricklayer to 
Rip the whole Building and new tile and lath 
y* same with the beste materials at 14 shillings 
p square, ordered Him also to take down to 
below the top of the Rooff and rebuild the tops 
of the Chimneys to take off the three Rows of brick 
coping over the two middle Gable ends and cover the 
same with a single row of coping bricks to over span 
them To build four porches each to cover two doors 
with a nine inch brick wall at the ends three foot deep 
with Benches and covered with Pantiels to take down the 
two Thatcht Hovells and build four cole shedds with 
doors against each end wall of the Garden those to the 
Church yard to Drip backwards upon leive first had of 
M' Dubordieu the other in to the end walk of the Garden 
to be severally alloted to the eight alms houses, to pull 
down such part of the fence wall to the Road as is much 
decayed to the foundation to new point and repair what 
is sound and carrey up the whole to the Height the End 
next the church yard now is That walks be made of six 
foot in the middle and towards the Road and three foot 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 209 

wide before the porches and cole shedds There may be 
three foot Borders before the porches that Hedges b^ 
planted on each side the middle walk and insid of the 
others and to divid the Ground of each almshouse and 
that such trees as stand improperly to be cut downe. 

*' hB. The Committee afterwards resolved that the 
Eight Cole sheds a Hove Mentioned be Built in the front 
of the Alms Houses between the porches of Nine Inch 
Brickworke and covered with pantiels and that a New 
gate with oake poste be fext in the middle of the Wall 
towards the road that eight Benches be of yellow fir two 
Inches theck Rounded off towards the Garden and 12 
Inches Deed." 

Vestry held at Hutton's Coffee House 

" M' Cottiby acquainted the Vestry that the Legacy i739- 
left to the alms house will be paid by the Executors of '^TV, 
M' Jefferys for the 200^ they propose to pay 155;^ which Legacy, 
this vestry agrees to accept for the parish, and do ingage £^Qo. 
to pay the g^f a year to the alms people according to the 
intent of the Testator and do further agree to call a 
spetial vestry to meet the said executors to finally adjust 
that matter." 

At a Vestry meeting the following letter was read : — 

*'D' Sir. 

" I beg to acquaint you for the general information of 181 8. 
the vestry that I have transferred £jpo reduced 3 P. C* -^^^ 5^''* 
An* into the names of two of the trustees of M' Smith's ^ y^ 1^^ 
Aim houses (M' Masterman & myself) which I mean as a Mr. Lam, 
gift for the benefit of the almswomen for the time being 
in these almshouses, to whom the Trustees shall pay the 
Dividends on these An® in equal portions, half-yearly, in 



210 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



addition to their present means. You will probably think 
it right to direct this letter to be preserved amongst the 
Parish writings in your strong box, & whenever new 
Trustees of the Almshouses shall be appointed (& which 
at present cannot legally be done) the Parish will see that 
this stock as well as the legacy given by the late M' W" 
Bosanquett for the benefit of the same objects be 
transferred into the names of such new Trustees. 

'* I remain D'^ Sir, 

*'y' obed* & faithful servant 

" Tho* Lane, 
'* Grange, Leyton, 3'^ Jan'^ 1817. 

** The Rev"* C. Laprimaudaye. 

'* Resolved — That the best & unanimous thanks of 
this Vestry to be sent to Tho' Lane Esq" for this 
additional & liberal donation to this Parish." 



1818. 

March 2nd, 

/200. 

A. gift from 

Mrs. 

Daubuz, 



it M" Magdalen Daubuz acquaints M' Laprimaudaye 
for the information of the Parish that she has transferred 
^200. 4 P^ C* Annuties to M*^ Lane & M' Masterman, two 
of the Trustees of the Almswomen in M' Smith's Alms- 
houses the dividends of which wherein she would have the 
Trustees apply for the benefit of the almswomen in these 
houses for the time being. In the month of October in 
coals & in the month of April each woman to have her 
share of the dividend in money. 

** Resolved — That the unanimous thanks of this 
Vestry be communicated to M" Magdalen Daubuz for 
her above liberal Donation & that the same be inscribed 
on the Table of Donations in the Church." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 211 

Mr. Laprimaudaye communicated the following 1827. 
letter from Mr. Heathcote. Aug. 26th. 

;^25o a gift 
*^ Low Layton, July 16'^ 1827. from Mrs. 
"Dear Sir, ^^>'^^- 

" I am desired by my Aunt M" Catherine Moyer to 
inform you that on the 7'^ day of July last two Hundred 
& fifty Pounds of Bank Stock were purchased by her 
order in the Names of William Masterman Esq** the 
Rev*^ Charles Laprimaudaye, Samuel Bosanquet Esq" 
& Richard James Esq" & the Interest arising from the 
same my Aunt directs shall be for ever appropriated to 
the use of the poor Women who inhabit M' Smith's 
Alms Houses in the parish of Low Ley ton to whom it is 
to be paid half yearly in equal portions & when by the 
Death of either of the present Trustees it shall become 
necessary to appoint others they are to distribute the 
Interest of M" E. Moyer's donation in the like manner. 

*^ Perhaps you will think it necessary to deposit this 
Letter in the Strong Chest in which the Records 
belonging to your parish are preserved. 

" I remain, 

**Dear Sir, 

**Your faith* & obed' Serv' 

''John Heathcote." 

**0n Tuesday, February gth, 1886, in the presence of i886. 

representatives of old Leyton families, the Leyton Church ff^\^*^' 
All r 11 If . 1 • 1 AlmsHouses 

Almshouses were formally opened by a simple maugural rebuilt. 

service. These new dwellings have taken the place of 

eight unsightly and unsanitary old ones, and are as cleverly 

contrived and as conveniently fitted inside as they are 

strikingly beautiful exteriorly. They were built by Mr D, 



212 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



£^oo from 

Miss 

Hibbcrt. 

Isooftom 

Misses 

Louisa and 

Emma 

Graham, 



Sayer, from designs by Mr. Creed, and the whole expense 
of them (amounting to considerably over ;f 2,000) has been 
borne by Mr. Hibbert and his then (only) surviving sister. 
. . . . These Alms-houses were founded 230 years 
ago by a simple benefaction, commuted soon after to 
^20 a year. The payment of this charge has long been 
and is still, connected with Mr. Hibbert's family. Other 
sums have been added to it by succeeding benefactors, and 
thus the Charity's income has reached the figure of above 
;f90 per annum. Lately, however, it has received two 
large additions, viz., one, a legacy of jfsoo from Miss 
Sarah Hibbert, and the other a gift of ^^500, generously 
made (with certain conditions) by Miss Louisa and Miss 
Emma Graham, of Buxton House in this Parish."* 




Rev. J. Lunfs Parish Statement of Three Years' Accounts 1884-1886. 



CHAPTER IV. 



Zbe Brea& f un^ 



The Origin in i704~Fxrst Distribution ist Sunday in Advent, 1704— Purchase 01 
Smalgains— Enfiranchised — 1732 Leased for 2Z years to John Jenkins— 1754 Leased 
or 2z years to John Com — Household bread to be given, not wheaten— Admission 
of Trustees and remission of fine and fees — Bread Account for 1790— Bread Account 
1806 — New Trustees — Fine and Fees remitted — Advertised for building — 
Referred to a Committee— Recommended to build a Smallpox Hospital— Can a 
portion be sold for the purpose of erecting a Church— Recommended that the 
Land be enfranchised— Lord of Manor requires ;f25o— School Board desire a 
portion — One acre of land given to School Board — Lord of Manor calls upon 
Parish to take admission. 




I ROM Advent to Easter bread is distributed 
to a large number of poor people within the 
boundaries of the parish. This is provided 
for by a Fund which was originated by Sir 
Michael Hicks, Bart., who, in 1704, gave by will a piece 
of land known as Smalgains, and situate in that part 
of the parish now known as Harrow Green. The 
income is now divided in the following proportions, 
among those districts or new parishes included within 
the boundary of Leyton proper : — 

The Parish Church, two-sixths. 
St. John's, Leytonstone, two-sixths. 
Holy Trinity, Harrow Green, one-sixth. 
All Saints, Leyton, one-sixth. 



ii4 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1704. 

Nov. igth. 

Origin of 

the Bread 

Fund. 



Dec. yd. 

Distribution 

begins ist 

Sunday in 

Advent, 



The following extracts give the history of the Fund, 
and shew how from time to time it has been augmented. 

" Memorandum at a Vestry held on Sunday Nov. 19 
1704 after Evening sermon at y* church Edward Danvil 
Churchwarden Edward Ody & Samuel Parker overseers 
Jacob Morris John Earle & others present, John Strype 
Vicar acquainted y*" w'** y** wil of Sir Will Hicks Bar : 
late deceased leaving therein 50^^ to y* poor of this 
parish to be disposed according to y* discretion of his 
Executrix who is y* Lady Hicks his Widow, And he 
acquainted y°* y* it was her Desire y* y* said Legacy 
should be settled for ever upon y* poor of y^ parish in 
Bread & y* a Purchase might be made by y^ said Fifty 
Pounds w*^** she was ready to pay if some pieice of land 
in or near y* Parish or ground rent or otherwise so y' it 
might be secure & y® rent or interest thereof to go from 
time to time for y® buying of Bread for y* use aforesaid, 
And y' till such Purchase could be made she y* said 
Lady Hicks would pay yearly 50^*" to the Ministers & 
Officers of y® Parish for y* said purpose as use of y® said 
mony in her hands The Vicar asked their consent & 
they declared y°*selves wel satisfyed & agreed to it : & 
prayed y* Vicar to tel her y' it was their Desire y' she 
would begin y® Disposition of this Bread presently 
for y* more seasonable Relief of y* poor this winter 
time. 

'' John Strype Vic.'' 

''The Lady Hicks Nov. 23 1704 gave me 50*^ for 
y* use aforesaid And y® bread began to be distributed 
December 3 following being y* first Sunday in Advent 
And was disposed of according.'' 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



215 



''The Parish accordingly bought in y* year 1707 a 
piece of land called Smalgains containing about 3 
acres lying in y* manor of Ruckholts of William Russel 
Esqr. for y* sum of Sixty Pounds late in y* tenure or 
occupation of Pierson widow For w*^ she pays y" Rent 
of 3;^ per year. 

"And Sir Harry Hicks Bar: at a private court held 
at Ruckholts July y* 15 1707 did enfranchise it and make 
it (y* was copyhold before) to be freehold for y*" use of y" 
Parish to provide Bread for the Poor." 

'* At a Vestry holden July 5 1707 present Fisher Tench 
Esq M*^ Moyer, M' Boyer, M' Fisher, the Minister & 
Churchwardens & others, it was consented & agreed to 
purchase for the use of the poor of this Parish of 
W"" Russel Esq three Acres of Land now in the 
occupation of Tho Pierson, for the sum of Threescore 
pounds. Fifty pounds whereof was a Legacy given to 
the Parish by Sir W°* Hicks Bar. And Sir Harry Hicks 
Bar hath promised to enfranchise it, being a piece of 
Land lying in his Manour, that was Copy hold. 
''John Strype Vic. 

"John Davis ) churchwardens. 
" Henry Mills ) 

"John Road Surveyor. 

" Memorandum. 

" That on the 15 day of July 1707 a private Court 
was held at Ruckholt: wherein W°* Russel Esq 
did make over by the Rod to M' Smith Steward 
of the said Manour of Ruckholt a piece of Land 
in the Lordship called Smalgains containing 
three Acres at present held by Tho Pierson in 
Lease at £i per ann. And the said Steward by 



Smalgains 
bought. 



Enfran- 
chised. 



1707. 

Jidy sth. 

Purchase of 

Smalgains. 



July isth. 
Memoran- 
dum, 



2l6 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Enfran- 
chised, 



1732. 

LtaufoY 21 

Years, 



1754- 

July 22nd, 

Leased far 

21 Years, 



1766. 
Nov. yd. 
Household 
Bread, to be 
given, not 
Wheaten. 



the rod did grant for the Lord Sir Harry Hicks 
Bar. the same Land to John Strype Vic John 
Davis & Henry Mills Churchwardens for the use 
of the Poor of the Parish of Low Leyton for 
ever to buy Bread to be distributed on Sundays. 
And for which they the said Vicar & Church- 
wardens paid to the said M' Russel the sum of 
£60. Fifty pounds of this mony was a Legacy 
given to the Parish by Sir W" Hicks Bar. 
deceased. The remaining ;f 10 was given by the 
Lady Hicks his Relict & Executrix. 

'* Sir Harry Hicks Bar. did then order his Steward to 
enfranchise it for the Parish.* 

** This piece of Land butts upon Grove Green." 

" Ordered that John Jenkins have a Lease of 
Smalgains for 21 years at ;^3 . 15 . o." 

*' It is agreed that John Corn have a lease for 21 
years from Mich" next of the field called Small Gains 
containing three acres more or less at the yearly rent of 
£6 . 10 p. Ann. to be paid half yearly viz at Lady Day 
& Mich' & to execute a lease with the usual covenants 
according to his agreement this day signed by him." 

" Ordered that for y® future y® bread given away in 
y* Church be of y^ household sort & not of wheaten as 
has been lately done, & that y® beadle do go to the bakers 
& acquaint them of this, & inform them that only such 
as will comply herewith shall have y* benefit of y* same, 



* See Vestry minute October 29th, 1874. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



217 



& that when it is baked a loaf or two be carried to 
P. Bertie Esq. to be weighed, & if found deficient y* 
baker to be punished." 

" Report being made this day to the Vestry by M' 
Doucet Churchwarden, that at the Court of the Earl of 
Tylney Lord of the Manor of Ruckholt within this parish 
on the 30*** of May last past he attended in order to be 
admitted in behalf of y* parish to a field, called Small 
Gains, as a Copyhold held of the said Manor & which 
was given for bread for y* poor of y* said parish & that 
M' Andrews as steward of y^ said Court admitted M' Geo. 
Doucet, M' W™ Holbrook overseer & M' Robert James 
Tythingman as lives on acct. of y* said parish, for y* 
purposes afore"* & that he desired y* parish would accept 
of y* fine & also his fees for the said admission." 

May 18*** 1790. 

Brbad Account Distributed at Church. 

By Year's Rent of M" Williamson for a field 
called Small Gains due Lady Day last ... 6 

Year's Interest on ;^ioo 3/P.C. to do ... 3 

Year's Ground Rent of Rich** Ellis for Sundry 

Cottages to Lady Day last i , 

M' Rampton's Annuity to Mich* last ... i . 



1772. 

July 6th. 

Admission of 

Trustees. 



10 



10 



1790. 

Bread 

Account. 



i:i2 . - . - 



1790. 

April 28«»> To Rockholt Manor i8» Quit Rent 

for Small Gains to Lady Day last ... — . 18 . — 

June 3'^^ To M'^ Collins for Bread Distributed 10 . 12 . 8 

In hand 9*4 



^12 . - . - 



2l8 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1806. Dr. Brbad Account. 

Bread Balance in hand on last ace ... ... ... — .3.0 

Account. M' Ramstone's donation now due i. o. o 

A Donation by M^ Anderdon on in closinga 

piece of waste ground in front of his house 

at Whip's Cross 20 . — . — 

Ditto of M' Coope on the like 20 . — . — 

Ditto of M^ Sansom on the like 20 . — . — 

Ditto of W Sterry on the like 10 . — . — 

One year's rent of Small Gains due at Lady 

day 1806 18.18.— 

One year's ground rent of Cottages due same 

time I . 10 . — 

One year's dividend on 130/ reduced 3 p. *^J 

ann. due same time 3 . 18 . — 

One half year's dividends on 100^ more of like 

ann. due same time i . 10 . — 



;^96 . 19 . — 



pr Cofitra, 

January. Paid John Nash for 156 half quartern 

loaves 3 . 17 . 6 

February. Paid loo;^ Stock in the 3 P.Ct. 
Ann bought in the names of the Rev. 
Charles Laprimaudaye Samuel Bosanquet 
Thomas Lane & Richard James 62 . — . — 

Paid for Certificate & affof burial of J as. Par- 
doe Jun' & Thos. Keighley — . 10 . 6 

May. Paid Joseph Bate for 510 half quartern 

loaves 12.13. ^i 

Paid W»° Collins for 482 Ditto 12 . i . ii^ 

Paid One Year's Quit Rent to the Manor of 

Rucholt to Lady Day 1805 — . i . — 

The like to the Manor of Leyton Grange to 

Mich* 1805 — • I . 10 

Balance to the new Churchwardens 5-i3- — 

;^96 . 19 . — 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



219 



'' 4, Bedford Row, 

** London, 13th April, 1859. 
'' Dear Sir, 

*' Manor of Ruckholts. 

** In reply to your letter we beg to state that we will 
submit to the Earl of Mornington the Lord of the Manor 
that as the Trustees are to be admitted for a charitable 
purpose and the income of the Property is applied in the 
purchase of bread for the Poor of the Parish of Leyton 
no fine should be required on the proposed admission. 

**For the same reason we as Stewards of the Manor 
will make no charge for fees but only require to be repaid 
the sums we pay for stamp duties, &c. ' 

*' Under these circumstances either course suggested 
by you will be acceptable to the Lord of the Manor and 
if you will forward us a Copy of the Trustees* appoint- 
ment we will send you a draft admission for perusal and 
approval and you can afterwards if you please attend 
here at any time and take admission as attorney for the 
Trustees. 

** We are. Dear Sir, 

** Yours truly, 

'* Coverdale Lee Purvis & Colly er. 

^*W. Frith, Esq." 

'* This Committee is of opinion that Advertisements 
should be inserted in the several local Journals and one 
daily paper inviting Tenders for renting the Land on 
Building Lease for 80 years subject to the sanction of 
the Charity Commissioners the Vestry not to be bound 
to accept the highest or any Tender. 



1859. 

New 

Trustees 

accepted and 

no fine or 

fees to he 

charged. 



1867. 

Aug 14/A. 

Advertise for 

Building, 



220 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1868. 

March 26th. 

Referred to a 

CommitUc, 



1871. 
July yth. 

Recom- 
mended to 
build a 
Small Pox 
Hospital. 



1873. 
Dec, \th. 
Can a portion 
he sold for 
purpose of 
erecting a 
Church ? 



**The Committee also think it desirable to place the 
matter in the hands of Messrs. Debenham & Co. for 
disposal." 

" The subject of re-letting * Small Gains * having 
been discussed it was unanimously resolved to refer the 
question back to the same Committee as before for them 
to consider the best mode of dealing with the Land and 
to report thereon to a future Vestry." 

" The Vestry Clerk reported an application from the 
Board of Guardians for renting the Land known as 
* Small Gains ' for the purpose of erecting a Small Pox 
Hospital and further that such application had been laid 
before the Committee appointed to deal with such land, 
which Committee had recommended the rejection of the 
Guardians' proposal. 

'* Mr. Mullen moved and Mr. Workman seconded the 
adoption of the Committee's recommendation — Carried 
unanimously." 

** Mr. Dicker moved and Mr. Sutherland seconded, 
That a Committee of Six Vestrymen be appointed to 
consider the various Charities connected with this Parish 
with a view to ascertain whether the proper number of 
Trustees have been appointed as others have died off, and 
further to take steps where the necessity exists to have 
fresh Trustees appointed, and further to ascertain in 
reference to the price of Land called ' Small Gains ' 
whether a portion of it can be sold for the purpose of 
erecting a Church and that such Committee report 
their opinion of the price at which it may be sold." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



221 



The following Report was submitted to the Vestry : — 

"We the undersigned being the Committee 
appointed by the Vestry hereby recommend that the 
piece of land known as * Small Gains ' being enfranchised 
by the Vicar and Churchwardens of Leytonstone so much 
of the said Land as may be necessary be granted by the 
Vestry for the erection of a Church and that the further 
consideration of this question be adjourned in order that 
the precise terms of Enfranchisement as well as the exact 
quantity and position of the land proposed to be given up 
may be laid before the Vestry. 

"Dated 2 1 St January, 1874." 



1874. 

Jan 2yd, 

Recommend 

that the land 

he enfran- 

chised. 



At a Vestry Meeting held Friday, 27th February, 1874 

" Mr. Waller stated that he had received a communi- 
cation from the Clerk stating that the Stewards of Earl 
Cowley had demanded a sum of ;f 250 for the enfran- 
chisement and he therefore considered the matter should 
be allowed to fall through." 

" A Letter from Mr. Chew was read stating that the 
School Board desired to acquire a portion of Small 
Gains Land, for the purpose of erecting Schools 
thereon." 



Feb. 27th. 

Lard of the 
Manor 
requires 



Oct. 15M. 

School 

Board desire 

a portion. 



" Resolved — To accept a proposition of the Leyton 
School Board to enfranchise Small Gains & in consider- 
ation thereof the Board to become the owners of one 
acre of the same land for the purpose of erecting a 
Board School." * 



Oct. 2gth. 

One acre oj 

land given 

to School 

Board. 



See Memorandum ]uly 15th, 1707. 



222 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1880. 
Du. yd. 
Parish to 

take 
admission. 



A communication was read to the Vestry in which 

** The Lord of the Manor called upon the Parish to 
take admission to this property in consequence of death of 
late tenant, the Rev. W. C. Cotton." 

Churchwardens and Overseers were requested to take 
the necessary measures. 




CHAPTER V. 



^be Morliboude. 

A Workhouse wanted ^Decided to have it — Mr. Gansell oflfers a piece of land — ^The 
money to be borrowed — Money offered and accepted— Furniture— Regulations — 
Rules— Master and Mistress elected— Bad meat and not free from bones— The bill 
— Encouragement to inmates— A Committee to govern— Home-brewed beer, Home- 
baked bread — Unwholesome flour — Insurance — Badges and tickets— A Workhouse 
not for pigs— The Badge not appreciated— Mr. Gansell no right to grant the lease — 
Dr. Jebb's claim good — New Lease to be granted — Suspended during certain 
disputes— Dr. Jebb's offer not considered proper— Dr. Jebb makes a proper offer- 
Draft of Lease approved and money paid— Lease accepted— Receipt — Prayers and 
** The Whole Duty of Man," to be read by the Master— Gravel Pit — Bravery rewarded 
— Poor to be badged — ^A Dispensary— Outlines of the plan— Doctors don't agree— 
Workhouse and ground bought- Employment for the casual poor — Mr. Boffee 
barber and shaver — Proposed Union of Parishes — Workhouse to be valued — 
Removal of furniture— Rate Collector appointed— What is to be done with the 
Master, and who will pay for his mangle ? — Valuation of Workhouse and Cottages 
— A Caretaker in charge— We will keep it — Being April ist we change our minds— 
We now think it was not wise, and resolve that it shall not be sold — Ask the 
Churchwardens what they think— Yet another change— We will see if we can — 
We will not sell the land, only the tenement— Authorized to insure— Commissioner 
orders to sell— Really done. 




JHE Poor are always with us, but not the 
Poor House. There was a time, when that 
was not ; then, a time when it was ; and now, 
it is not. The account of its advent and 
disappearance will I feel sure be acceptable to 
Leytonians ; especially as it is given in the words of those 
who, feeling its need, called it into existence, and, their 
need passing away, sent it hence. 



224 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1740. 
Aug. nth, 

A 

Warkhouu 

Wanted. 



Sept. ist. 

Decided to 

have it. 



1741. 

Oct. 17th, 

Mr. Gansel 

offers a piece 

ofland. 



1742. 
May Sth. 
The Money 

to be 
borrowed. 



" It is the opinion of this Vestry that the poor people 
of this parish whould be wholesomer & att less expences 
maintained & supported in a workhouse than they are att 
present & it is the opinion of this vestry that a proper 
place should be hired or built for the same purpose but it 
being a thing of great consequence it is the opinion that 
a special vestry be call'd to come to a final determination 
upon the same." 

"Att a Vestry held this i'* of Sept. 1740 the people 
then present came to the following resolutions viz. To 
confirm the opinion of the last vestry that a proper place 
should be hired or built for a Workhouse, & that for a 
further considaration as to a proper place to erect the 
same be put to a vestry to be held here. By adjourn- 
ment on Monday next being the 8'*" instant." 

" M' Phillipps produced a letter from M' Gansel 

offering to accommadate the parish with a piece of ground 

behind the almshouse for building a workhouse which 

the gentlemen of the vestry readily accept of and do 

impower M' Humborsters to prepare a draught of a lease 

thereof according to the conditions mentioned in M' 

Gansels letter wh was delivered to M' Humborstin for 
that purpose. 

" It being taken into consideration how to raise a 
sufficient sum of money to make good the contract 
between M' Cottiby on y* part of y* parish & Henry 
Vaughan, for building a workhouse for the poore of y^ 
said parish persuant to several orders of vestry, it was 
proposed for the security of such person as shall lend the 
money at 4 P. C. P. Ann that M' Gansells Lease shoud 
be assigned over to him & that the parish take a lease at 
such rent as shall be agreed on from y^ said person. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



225 



*' It was agreed to accept the offer of Mr. Dunster of 
lending the parish the sum of ^^400 towards the building 
of the workhouse upon the security above mentioned in 
the resolution taken at the last vestry held here May the 
8'** Lastpast and 'tis proposed that the rent be settled so 
as to pay five P.C. P. An: Conditionally that if 4 P.C. 
be punctually paid att two half yearly payments then the 
rent to be but 16^ p An." 

" It is judged by the vestry that it would be for the 
service of the parish to be providing the necessary 
furniture for the Workhouse as well Beds, linnen &c. 
which M' Cottiby is desired to provide if he will please 
to undertake the trouble — and M' Dunster is desired to 
furnish and pay the money that will be wanted for the 
same." 

At a Vestry — held for the first time in the Com- 
mittee Room at the Workhouse — the following regula- 
tions were agreed on. 

" I. That no Pension whatever be allowed to any 
person out of y® workhouse except to Ann Bret one 
shilling To Bocock one shilling & sixpence & to the 
Widow Brett one shilling and sixpence being now in the 
almshouse & that no pension shall hereafter be allowed 
to any person who shall be put into y* Almshouse in 
future. 

"2. That there shall be a meeting at the workhouse 
every Sunday morning after Devine Service. At which 
meetings applications shall be made for admitting any 
person into y** Workhouse except in such cases as the 
Church Warden shall judge to admit of no delay, when 
any person may be taken in by his order & continued 



1742. 

May lyth. 

Thefnoney 

offered and 

accepted. 



June 28th. 

Furniture, 

S-c. 



Oct. i6th. 
Regulations, 



Q 



226 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

there till the next Committee shall give their opinion 

upon it." 

1742. The following Rules were agreed to for the Master, 

OC/.24M. Mistress, & Poor, of the Workhouse at Low Layton. 
Rules. 

'* I. That the Master shall keep a just account of 

the number of persons provided for in the House, of the 

time of their coming in & going out, & of all provisions 

received, & what is each day expended. 

" 2, He shall keep an account of all work received 
& what is delivered to each person every day, & what 
is received back in order to give an account of their 
earnings & disbursements to the Vestry, or such as they 
shall appoint for the time being. 

"3. That the Master & Mistress take care that 
the poor be kept to work from Michaelmas to Lady Day, 
from eight in the morning to five in the evening, & from 
Lady Day to Michaelmas from six to six & that in the 
winter half-year they rise at seven & go to bed at eight 
& in the summer half-year they rise at five & go to bed 
at nine. 

*'4. That they take care that all the provisions be 
good & well drest & that all persons have their allow- 
ance sitting at the pubHck table (if not hindered by 
sickness or otherways) at the follow* hours Viz Their 
breakfast at 9 & half an hour to eat it, their dinner 
at one & an hour to eat it, their supper in the winter 
at six & in the summer at seven & that all persons 
shall have finished their days work before they have 
their supper or to have no supper. 

'*5. That the Master & Mistress see all the fires 
and candles out every night. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 227 

" 6. That the Mistress shall take care of the . . . 
& keeping clean the boys & girls & that their heads 
be combed every day & that the Mistress shall teach 
or cause them to be taught to read for w"^^ purpose 
each shall have one hour allowed them from work 
every day. 

'*7. That all the poor shall be employed in such 
work as they are most able to do as above directed, 
& if any person refuses to work or to obey the Master 
& mistress or misbehaves by swearing or fighting or 
making any disturbance, he or she shall for the said 
offence be kept to bread and water for the whole day 
& for the second offence complaint to be made to the 
Vestry in order to have them sent to the House of 
Correction. 

"8. That no Distilled Liquor be suffred to be 
brought into the house to be bought or sold nor any 
tobacco to be smoaked in any of the lodging rooms 
but only in the yard or working room & that the 
whole house be swept once every day & washed when 
wanting. 

'*9. That the Bill of Fare be punctually observed 
by the Master & Mistress untill any alterations be 
made therein by a majority of the Vestry. 

" ID. That the butcher and all other tradesmen 
that serve the House shall send with their goods a 
note of the weight & price to be filed by the Master 
& produced from time to time to the Vestry, of which 
proper entries shall be made in a book for that purpose, 
the tradesmen of the parish to be preferred provided 
they serve the house as well & as cheap as other people. 



228 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1742. 

Oct. 24M. 

The Master 

and 

Mistress 

elected. 



'* 11. That the Overseers of the poor shall bring in 
their Collections to the Vestry every month & that all 
the house bills shall be paid every quarter & if any 
sort of goods shall appear to be unwholesome or not 
according to contract they shall be sent back by the 
Master to the respective tradesmen. 

" 12. That the Master or Mistress or one of the 
children in their turn say Grace before & after Meals & 
that the Master & Mistress or one of them with all 
the poor who are able to walk attend Divine Service 
morning and afternoon every Sunday & other days 
appointed for Divine Worship. 

*'i3. That no person be allowed to work for hire 
or go out of the house without leave of the Master & 
Mistress or one of them which shall not be granted 
without good reason & an account shall be taken of all 
their earnings out of the house. 

"14. That the Master & Mistress shall be under 
such further Regulations as shall be made by the 
Vestry and shall also be obliged if required by the 
Vestry to make oath before a Magistrate that there 
hath been no wast or embezzlement made by them or 
any other person by their knowledge or consent. 

** 15. And that the said Master & Mistress shall 
be removeable by a general Vestry to be called for 
that purpose and no otherwise. 

** It was resolved that a master & mistress be chosen 
for the government of the said workhouse & M' Ladbrook 
& his wife being proposed they were unanimously elected. 
The master at twelve pounds pr Ann. & the mistress 
at eight pounds pr. Ann." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 229 

" Resolved that a message be sent to Bray the 1742 



Dec. 6th. 
Bad meat 



butcher who has hitherto supplyd the workhouse with 
meat that he forbear to send any more by reason and not free 
that what he has several times sent us has been bad from hones. 
meat ^& not free from bones & the Church Warden is 
desired to notify y^ same to him. 

" M' Coant offering to serve y* Workhouse with about 
thirty pounds of beet pr. wk. without bone at 2* p. stone 
the same was accepted off the pieces as follow. The 
clod, hicking, leg of mutton piece .... buttock & thick 
flank & sometimes a Leg of mutton weighd in." 



WorkHouse. 

To James Blake for Planks & Posts 

To charges & waterage going & coming ... 

To Cloth to Adair & Jackson 

To Vaughan on account of building 

To Thread & Needles 

To Insurance of the House 

To making & marking 42 pair of sheets 

& 12 tablecloths 

To 1000 Bricks 

To M' Ladbrook for a Grate 

To two dozen Chairs 

To the Ironmonger 

To Fairman for a Chaldron of Coals 

To Paper &c 

To cleaning & washing the House 

To several labourers for making holes 

& screening the rubbish 

To several expences with the Workmen ... 

To the Well Digger 

To bringing Posts & Planks to Whites 

Wharf w .12 



C01 


ttiby about the 


1743- 
March i^th. 

The hUl. 


w 


;f 20 . 19 . 6 




w 


• 3 — 




c 


31.15. » 




b 


164 . 19 . 6 




e 


. 5.— 




e 


.15. 6 




e 


I . II . 6 




w 


I . I . — 




f 


1.4.6 




f 


3- 4- — 




w 


2 . I . — 




e 


I . 12 . 6 




c 


. 8.— 
. 6,— 




w 


4. 7. 6 




w 


.15.— 




w 


4 . 15 . — 





±y> HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

To my smith att London for 2 Barrs in 

the building 

To M*^ Jones for the beds &c 

To M^ Quarrell for 3 barrels of Tar 

To Chamber pots 

To Morris for 1300 Tiles 

To making the shirts & shifts 

To 2 dozen knives & forks 

To a pair of scales & sett of weights 

To 2^ lb. worsted 

To 6 pales 

To 10 dozen candles at 7/ 

To half a firkin soap 

To 10 chaldron coals from Richards 

Shooting Wharfs & Carriage ... e 16 . 16 . 8 

To bringing 7 cart loads of goods & 

Turnpike @ 5/6 pr. load 

To the Smith on Account 

To Russia Cloth 

To M' Gappers bills Stop 

To M' Carpenters bills for copper &c 
Paid the Pensioners before Officers sworn 

in by Order of Vestry 

£190 . 14 • — 
Paid M^ Lifebure which he gave to M' 

Vaughan y® ball^ in his hands ... / iii . 6 . — 



w 


I • 4 


f 


54.10 


w 


I .17 


f 


• 7 


w 


3.18 


e 


. 6 


f 


. 10 


f 


• H 


e 


• 4 


f 


• 9 


e 


3.10 


t 


.14 



t 


1 . 18 . — 


w 


5- 5.— 


t 


1,7.— 


e 


15. 5. 11 


f 


16 . 12 . — 




24. 8. 9 



£so7, . o . — 



Paid by M' Dunster Esq to ye said 

M' Cottiby £^00. — .— 

In his hands y« ballance of his last account 102 . — . — 



502 . — . — 



** The foregoing is a coppy of M' R. Cottibys account 
of disbursements for y® Workhouse & which is approved 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



231 



& allowed off Workhouse at Lowlayton March the 15 
174S. 

** Sam^ Bosanquet Ch. Warden. 
"Will Dunster 
J Strange 
P. Bertie 
Ren6 Cottiby 
Jas: Humbarston." 



'* It was resolved for the greater incouragement of y® 
people in this workhouse to be diligent in such work as 



1743. 
May 2nd, 

Encourage- 
they arerset about that out of their earnings 2^ in a shill. ^^^ ^^ 

be allowd for their own proper advantage." inmates. 



" The condition & situation of y® affairs of the Work- 
house having been considered of by this Vestry it is their 
opinion that it is necessary for y" good government of it & 
the keeping their accounts in order & reducing the Rates 
of the parish which are now obliged to be high levied for 
y* maintaining of it that a Comittee of two or three 
gentlemen be joined with the Churchwarden to meet 
every Fortnight to inspect the management & examine 
the accounts &c. 



July gth. 

A committee 

to govern. 



" It is also the opinion of this Vestry that if y* beer 
for the use of the workhouse was brewed at home it 
would be a considerable saving & it is recommended to 
the Church Warden to call a Vestry at a proper time to 
consider of these matters. 

**E^ Millerd Churchwarden 
Sam* Bosanquet 
Will. Dunster 
P. Bertie." 



Home 
brewed beer. 



232 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Jan, i6th. 

Home baked 

bread. 



1759- 
Sept. yd. 
" Unwhole- 
some flour." 



1771. 
Nov. ^th. 
Insurance. 

1774- 
Feb. yth. 
Badges and 

tickets. 



1775- 

Nov. i^th. 

A Work' 

house not for 

pigs- 



" At a Vestry held this day at y* Workhouse Con- 
sideration was taken of y* present extreem dearness of all 
provisions & that if we could bake our bread at the 
Workhouse it might be a means of saving very consider- 
ably in y" article of bread it is therefore recommended to 
the consideration of y* next Vestry whether it may not be 
worth y** while to erect an oven, & M' Mills is directed to 
give in an estimate of y* expence of the brickwork 
necessary thereto." 

** Ordered that M*" Davis do go to Mess" Bisson & 
Co. at Bromly Mills for two sacks of y* houshold or 
brown bread flour, M' Burton having sent in such flour 
for y** use of y® Workhouse, as is deem'd unwholsome to 
be used." 

" Ordered that the Churchwarden do insure y* Work- 
house for seven years at the Hand in Hand Fire Office, 
the present Policy there expiring in Dec. next." 

** M' Davis having got the badges ordered by the last 
Vestry, they were shewn this day to the Vestry & 
approved & also the Mark tickets for the poor going out 
of the house to work — ordered the badges to be put on 
tomorrow & that henceforward no person be permitted 
to go out without one of the tickets properly filled up. — 
& if any of the persons in the house are riotous or 
misbehave, that the Master of the Workhouse do apply 
immediately to a Magistrate." 

*'This day having been appointed to take into 
consideration the choice of a proper person to succeed 
the late Sam^ Davy as master of the Workhouse, it was 
resolved & ordered, that whoever shall be appointed to 
the said place shall not be allowed on any pretence what- 
ever, to keep any pigs, poultry, rabbits, or other live 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



233 



Stock either directly or indirectly, for his own use or 
advantage, & if he shall be found offending against this 
order, he shall be immediately dismissed from his 
place." 

" At a Vestry held this day, y® minutes of y** former 
vestry were read & confirmed. 

" Whereas the poor rec^ relief of this parish neglect 
or refuse or otherwise avoid to wear the badge or mark 
enjoin'd them by law, it is ordered that the Master of the 
Workhouse do without delay, affix or cause to be affixed 
such badge in such manner as y® same may not easyly be 
seperated from y® garment ; namely by cutting a vacancy 
in y** right sleeve of y® uppermost garment & supplying 
the deficiency by such badge or mark, the badge of the 
poor maintained in the said Workhouse to be in letters of 
red on a ground of blue, & y** badge of y" out pensioners 
to be in letters of blue upon a ground of red." 

** Whereas the Rev. D' Jebb, Dean of Cashel in 
Ireland, having this day made a claim in right of his 
wife who was daughter of David Gansel Esq. of this 
parish, of the ground on which the workhouse of this 
parish is built, setting forth that it] was built on a 
lease which the said David Gansel had no right to grant, 
it being in strict settlement upon his sons and daughters, 
& that his wife is the only surviving child of the said 
David Gansel, & that he shall set forth more fully 
his right hereto ; ordered that M'- Walton Attorney at 
Law be desired to inspect the said Title, & all matters 
relative thereto, & make an abstract of the said claim 
& report to the next vestry his opinion of the 
same." 



1776. 

Feb, i$th. 
The badge 

not 
appreciated. 



Nov, ^th. 

Mr, Gansel 

no right to 

grant the 

lease. 



234 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1776. 

Dec, 2nd. 

Dr. Jebb's 

claim good. 



** In conformity to the order of the last Vestry M' 
Walton appeared with his opinion concerning the claim 
by D' Jebb of the Workhouse belonging to this parish, 
& declared that from the best information he had 
obtained, D' Jebb's claim was good, & that we had no 
title to the same, & D' Jebb appearing here, has desired 
to take a little time to acquaint the parish, what rent 
he shall expect on a lease of 21 years." 



1777. 

Jan, 6th. 

New lease to 

be granted. 



" M' Walton attended this vestry & informed them 
that D' Jebb had waited on him the fifth day of 
December last, & acquainted him that he was willing 
that himself, his Lady & eldest son should grant a 
lease to this parish for the term of 64 years from 
Michaelmas day last of the workhouse of the said 
parish at the yearly rent of lo^^, free from all taxes, 
except the Land Tax, with usual covenants, the former 
lease to be surrendered, or a covenant that it shall 
be so, the same being at present not to be found. 
The D' & his Lady to levy a fine to make way for 
the intended lease. 



Suspended 
during 
certain 

disputes. 



" And M' Walton further informed the Vestry that 
on the 24''' day of the same December, D' Jebb waited 
on him again & acquainted him that he had been 
advised by his counsel that it was improper for him 
the said D' Jebb either to grant or contract for the 
granting of a lease of the Workhouse or of any part 
of the estate of the late General Gansel, pending 
certain disputes now subsisting in the Court of Chancery, 
& therefore the D'' desired M'' Walton to inform the 
parish that the intended contract between him & them 
must be suspended till the decision of those disputes." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



235 



a M' Walton attended this Vestry & acquainted the 
parishioners there assembled that Dean Jebb had waited 
on him, & informed him, that now his suit in Chancery 
was finished, he was wilHng to grant a lease of the 
Workhouse for 21 years to commence at Michaelmas 
last, at the rent of lO;^ a year, clear of all taxes, but the 
land tax, & to be confirmed by his wife and eldest son : 
but that he expected the rent to commence from the year 
1774; but that he refused to grant it for 64 years, as 
he had agreed at a meeting with M' Walton, December 
1776. This Vestry taking the same into consideration 
referred it to M' Walton to reduce the same to as 
reasonable terms as he could, this Vestry thinking his 
demands of a rent prior to his meeting the parish in the 
year 1776 to be not proper/' 

** M' James reported from M' Walton, who was 
prevented from attending that M' Walton had seen 
D' Jebb in consequence of the resolution of the last 
Vestry, & that D' Jebb now consents to grant a lease 
to this parish of the Workhouse for the remainder of 
the term of the old lease, granted by the late David 
Gansel at the rent of 10 pounds a year on condition 
that the parish do pay the expence of passing the fine. 
Resolved that M*" Walton be impowered to agree with 
D' Jebb according to these terms & that the parish 
will pay the whole expence of passing the fine, if M*^ 
Walton cannot so settle the matter with the other 
parties, who are in treaty with D' Jebb, that they shall 
bear a proportion of the expence," 

" M' Walton attended this day and presented the 
draft of a lease from Dean Jebb to the Ch: Wns & 
overseers of the poor of this parish of the workhouse 
& its appurtenances for 61 yrs. from Mich, next at the 



1779. 

March ist. 

Dr, Jebb's 

offer to grant 

a new lease 

not 

considered 

"proper" 



April 6th. 

Dr. Jebb 

makes a 

proper offer. 



June i^th. 

Draft of 

lease 

approved and 

money paid. 



236 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1779. 

Aug. loth. 

Lease 

accepted. 



Receipt £^0. 



1781. 

Jan, 1st. 

Prayers and 

" The Whole 

Duty of 

Man " tohe 

read. 



rent of ten pounds a year on condition that the parish 
do pay the expence of passing a fine, & acquainted 
the Vestry that the Dean expects the sum of forty 
pounds for four years arrear of rent, up to the com- 
mencement of the new lease & that unless the said 
sum of forty pounds shall be paid, the Dean will not 
execute the said lease, & that he had agreed with M' 
Wells that the expence of the fine should be defrayed 
equally between the parish & M' Wells. 

"Ordered the said Draft to be approved & that 
the monybe paid by the overseer to M'' Walton that 
the execution of the Lease may not be prevented." 

"At this Vestry M' Walton produced a lease of 
the workhouse executed by Dean Jebb to Tho' Farrer 
Esq' & James Dalbiac Esq. Ch: Wardens & Henry 
Henley & Philip Mundy overseers for the terms of 
sixty one years from Michaelmas next, at the yearly 
rent of Ten pounds ; which being read, 

" Ordered that the said lease be accepted by the 
said Ch: Wardens & Overseers & that they execute 
to the Dean a counterpart thereof." 

" Received 20^ July 1779 of the Churchwardens and 
Overseers of the parish of Leyton by the hands of 
M' John Walton the sum of Forty Pounds in full for 
rent of the Workhouse to Michaelmas next. 

i^£^o — . — ." "John Jebb. 

** Ordered that Prayers be read by the Master of the 
Workhouse, morning & evening, with a portion out of the 
whole Duty of Man, every Sunday Evening agreably to 
the directions given by the Vicar of the Parish," 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



237 



. '* Ordered that M' vSandles be authorized to agree 
with Dean Jebb for the use of the Pit just opened near 
the Workhouse for the Term of 7 years at the Rent of 
Three Guineas — with proper agreement for leave to come 
out & have as much gravel as the Parish requires — the 
Parish to put up a Gate & bear what expense may be 
necessary." 

'* Notice being taken of the great risque M' Minshull's 
life was exposed to by the late fire at the Workhouse &of 
the care he took of the house at the time of the fire & of 
his constant care of all the parish businefs, Ordered that 
M' Briscoe's bill for his attendance be discharged at the 
parish expense & that the Overseer do make him a present 
of five guineas as a mark of the satisfaction of this 
Vestry of the conduct of M' MinshuU." 

*' The Master of the Workhouse is ordered by this 
Vestry to Badge every man & woman who comes into the 
Workhouse, according to law." 

" Notice being taken that the Poor of this Parish 
might be attended in time of sickness & be furnished with 
Medicines in a manner more advantageous than as now 
practised, & that a plan for this purpose has been adopted 
in the Parish of Walthamstow — 

'* Resolved that it appears expedient to have a small 
Dispensary fitted up at the Workhouse with such 
Medicines as are in common Request & that attendance 
should be given three times at the Workhouse by the 
Gentleman who is Apothecary for the year. 

*' That enquiry be made into the plan of conducting 
this business at Walthamstow & that the Apothecaries of 
this Parish have notice to attend at the next Vestry in 



1781. 

Nov, ^th. 
Gravel Pit. 



1787. 

July 2nd, 

Bravery 

rewarded. 



1788. 
August ^th. 
Poor to be 



1797. 
Nov, 6th, 

A 
Dispensary. 



238 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1797. 
Dec, nth. 
Outlines of 
the Plan. 



1798. 

Feb, ^th. 

Doctors don* t 

agree. 



order to confer on the Terms that may be judged 
reasonable for undertaking the Attendance on such 
footing as may be settled." 

" Ordered that the following Out Lines of a Plan for 
the better administering Medicines to the Poor be adopted 
for the use of this Parish — viz : — 

*' That the Closet in the Parlour of the Workhouse be 
supplied with a sufficient quantity of such drugs as the 
Apothecary shall judge useful. 

** That the Apothecary do attend three days in the 
Week at the Workhouse, viz : — Tuesday, Thursdays & 
Saturday at 9 o'Clock in the morning, then to administer 
his advice & the Medicines — & that he do remain one 
hour & as much longer as may be necessary to dispatch 
the persons who attend. 

" That in the intermediate days he be required to visit 
all such Persons who are not able to attend at the Work- 
house — & in order to entitle the Parties to have such 
visits at their own houses an order must be obtained from 
one of the Parish Officers without which no Visit is to be 
required but all Persons possessed of such an order are to 
be entitled to three visits a week until recovered — Ordered 
that a copy of the above resolution be given to 
M' Briscoe, M' Heaton & M' Hobbs & that they be 
desired to give in their Propositions in writing upon what 
terms they will undertake the Attendance." 

" Ordered that Enquiry be made in the Neighbouring 
Parishes for a proper Medical Person to attend the Poor 
of this Parish, as the Apothecaries of this Parish have 
severally declined the Undertaking upon the new Plan of 
having a Dispensary at the Workhouse." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



239 



" M' James reported that he had concluded the 
Treaty with M' Jebb for purchase of the Workhouse & 
Ground on which it stands & the adjoining coach Houses, 
at the sum of Two Hundred & Seventy five pounds, 
provided this Vestry shall approve thereof, 

*' Resolved that this Vestry do approve of this 
agreement & that M' Lane be desired to make the 
necessary writings to compleat the purchase forthwith." 

*'The Committee, to whom on June 7'^ 1813 was 
referred the charge of providing a proper place for the 
employment of the casual poor, have to report — That 
they have engaged premises near the Blackbirds, 
belonging to G. Tanour, at the rate of ^^6 . 6 . o per ann ; 
& that it is fitted up in a suitable manner for carding 
coarse wool. — That they have been favoured by the 
Vestry of Westham with the loan of an able workman to 
instruct the persons who may be set at work. — That they 
have bought a small quantity of wool to begin with & also 
two pair of cards & that they recommend the casual 
poor be sent there, whenever they apply for relief." 

'* Jno: BofFee appointed Barber & Shaver to the poor 
House at 30/. per quarter." 

** The Assistant Overseer reported that on Monday 
the 14'** ultimo a Meeting was held at the Swan Inn, 
Stratford pursuant to Notice given by Alfred Power, Esq., 
Assistant Poor Law Commissioner relative to the 
proposed Union of this Parish with the several Parishes 
of West Ham, East Ham, Wanstead, Woodford, and 
Walthamstow : that, Mr. Golding, Churchwarden, attended 
with him, at the said Meeting : — and, that, those Parish 
Books which account for the disbursement of the Poor 



iSoo. 
Nov, yd. 
Workhouse 
and ground 

bought. 



1814. 

Jan, yd. 

Employment 

for the 
Casual poor. 



1832. 

Aug, yth. 

Mr. Boffee, 

Barber and 

Shaver, 

1836. 

April ^th. 

Proposed 

Union of 

Parishes, 



240 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1836. 

Aug. 2nd, 

Workhouse 

to he valiud. 



Sept. 6th. 
Inmates 
removed. 



Oct. nth. 

Removal of 

furniture. 



Rate 

Collector 

appointed. 



1837. 
Jan. yd. 
What is to 
he done with 
the Master; 
and who will 
pay for his 
mangle ? 



rates, for the three years ending in March, 1835, were 
exhibited to the Assistant Commissioner." 

*' The Overseers of the Poor reported to the Vestry 
that they had received a letter from the Board of 
Guardians of the West Ham Union directing them to 
appoint a surveyor to value the workhouse and other 
parish property, and that they had accordingly appointed 
Mr. Humphries, of Walthamstow." 

**The master of the Workhouse reported that the 
paupers have been removed from the House by order of 
the Board of Guardians to the Union House, leaving two 
paupers for the House Work at present. And that the 
furniture and other articles in the House have been valued 
by order of the Board." 

"The Master of the Workhouse reported that the 
principal part of the Furniture and Bedding had 
been removed to the several Union Workhouses, and 
that sundry articles remain on the premises, as per 
Inventory. — ^A communication was received from Mr. 
Richardson, Clerk to the Board of Guardians of West 
Ham Union, stating that Mr. Thomas Barker, of 
Wanstead, is appointed by the Board as Rate 
Collector for the Parishes of Walthamstow, Ley ton, 
Woodford, and Wanstead, at a poundage of threepence 
in the pound on his collections," 

** The Master of the Workhouse reported that 
a small part of the Workhouse Furniture, namely : 
2 Hall Tables, 4 Forms, and a three-wheeled cart, 
still remain on the premises. — That he has continued in 
the discharge of such duties as Master of the Workhouse 
as appertained to the office up to this time, and 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



241 



having received no notice as to the cessation of his 
services from the Parish authorities, he now reports the 
same to the Vestry for their information. — He also 
reported that a mangle, and several other articles 
belonging to him, had been taken at their valuation 
by the Union and credit given to the parish for 
them, the amount of which he claims from the parish, 
;f 12, and his quarter's salary. 

" Ordered — That the said amount be paid by the 
Overseer." 

** A letter was read from Mr. John Humphries, 
the surveyor appointed by this parish, stating that he had 
surveyed the property belonging to the parish, and that 
he had forwarded a copy thereof to the Overseers, as 
signed by himself and Mr. Mason, which was now 
read, as follows, viz : — 

**To the Guardians of the poor of the West Ham 
Union. 

** Gentlemen, 

*' Having been applied to survey and value the 
property belonging to the parish of Ley ton, and it having 
been reported to us by Mr. Richardson, the Vestry Clerk, 
that the only property applicable in aid of the poor rates 
was seven cottages held of the Manor of Leyton and let on 
lease to Thomas Johnson for a term of Twenty-one years 
from Lady Day 1821, at a clear annual rent 01 
£2^1 10s. od.j and the Parish Workhouse, which is 
Freehold, subject to the right of Samuel Bosanquet, 
Esquire, and his heirs, to the perpetual use of a 
coach-house standing on part of the site, upon their 
paying the annual charge of 25. 6d. 



1837- 
Feb. yth. 

Vduaiion 

of 
Workhouse 

and 
Cottages, 



242 HISTORY OF LBYTON. 

** Having made our Survey we beg to report that the 
site of the ground and the several apartments of the 
Workhouse are detailed on the accompanying plans. — 
And we are of opinion that the said Workhouse, Buildings, 
and Land upon which they stand, including the fittings 
and fixtures usually known under that denomination, are 
worth the sum of ;f 480, and of the annual value of £y>. — 
And we are further of opinion that the value of the Copy- 
hold Cottages on Lease to Thomas Johnson is ;f 350. 



" S' d / ^^^^^^ ^- Mason, 
\ John Humphreys." 



1839. " Mr. Richardson reported that he has removed from 
Nov, 2isL i\^Q Workhouse, and that for the present he has made an 
. ^/^^ arrangement, subject to the approval of this Vestry, 

with James Bonney and his wife, who have taken charge 
of the House and premises for 55. per week. 

" This was approved." 

1840. " In reference to the resolution of the Vestry held on 

'^m ^wm '^^ ^^^^ "^P^^' ^^^^' relative to the disposal of the 
keep it. Parish Workhouse and premises. After inspecting the 
premises lately occupied as a workhouse, it was 
Resolved unanimously — 

*• That it appears expedient that the Brick Building, 
formerly used as a Workroom, and the Coach-house, and 
a small piece of the yard in a line with the coigne of the 
said building, should be reserved for the use of the Parish, 
and that the remainder of the premises be let on a 
repairing lease for 7, 14, or 21 years, and that the 
requisite steps be immediately taken to carry the 
above resolution into effect. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



243 



'* Resolved — That the foregoing resolution be com- 
municated to the Board of Guardians of West Ham 
Union, and that they be requested to transmit a copy 
thereof to the Poor Law Commissioners." 

" Resolved unanimously — That application be made 
to the Poor Law Commissioners for permission to sell the 
Workhouse and Premises belonging to this parish, except 
the building called the Workroom, and to apply the 
proceeds of such sale in diminution of the Amount to 
be contributed by the Parish towards the expense of 
the new Union Workhouse." 

" The propriety of selling the Workhouse and 
Premises forthwith being now taken into consideration. 

" Resolved — That it is not expedient at present to 
consent to the sale of such Workhouse and premises, 
and that this meeting be adjourned to Thursday, the 17th 
day of June next, at nine o'clock in the forenoon." 

." Resolved — That the Churchwardens be authorized to 
obtain a Tenant or Tenants for occupying the premises 
for a short time, also to consider and report their opinion 
of the propriety of selling the buildings, with a view to 
throwing, at no very distant period, the whole area into 
the Church Yard, excepting the Brick Building called the 
Workroom, which may be required for the Parish 
meetings." 

** It was also resolved — That as the said Premises 
are now getting into a bad state of repair, and produce 
no rent or income to the Parish, and that endeavours 
have been made without success to let the same : — 
An application be made to the Poor Law Commissioners 
through the medium of the Board of Guardians, 



1841. 

April ist. 
We change 
our minds I 



May 2yth. 

We now 
think it was 
not wise and 
resolve that 
it shall not 
be sold. 



June lyth. 
Ask the 
Church- 
wardens 
what they 
think. 



1842. 

March 24/A. 

Yet another 

change ! 

We wUl sell 

if we can. 



244 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

to renew the order of the said Commissioners, 
bearing date the 7th day of May last, whereby the 
Churchwardens and Overseers of this Parish were 
ordered within twenty -one days from the receipt 
thereof, duly to give notice of and convene a meeting 
of the ratepayers of the said Parish and owners 
of property therein entitled to vote, pursuant to the 
provisions of an Act passed in the fifth year of the reign 
of His late Majesty King WiUiam the Fourth, intituled, 
* An Act for the Amendment and better Administration 
of the Laws relating to the Poor in England and Wales,* 
for the purpose of obtaining the consent of such Meeting 
to the said Guardians selling the said Workhouse 
and premises." 
1842. ** Resolved unanimously — That this meeting do 

May 2m. not consent to sell the Freehold site of the Old 
clliL I ffi Workhouse Yard and Garden attached to it belonging 
to this parish." 

Ofdy the ** Resolved — That this meeting do consent to the 

''tenement.*' Guardians of the Poor of the West Ham Union 
selling the brickbuilt messuage or tenement heretofore 
used as the Poor House or Workhouse of the 
Parish of Leyton, together with the materials of the 
several out - buildings, sheds and offices thereto 
belonging. Except a separate brick building thereon, 
called the Workroom, under the provisions of 
the 6th William IV., chap. 69, and applying the 
proceeds of such sale to the repair, fitting up, and conver- 
sion of the said separate brick building for the purpose of 
a Vestry room or place of meeting for the parishioners 
and for the deposit of the books, papers, public records, 
and other property of this parish," 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



245 



*' Resolved — That the said Workhouse and premises 
be insured from fire for six months in the sum of ;^300.'' 

** An Order under the Hand and Seal of a Poor 
Law Commissioner, bearing date the i8th instant, was 
produced to this Vestry, whereby it appeared that the 
Guardians of the Poor of the West Ham Union are 
directed within three Calendar months to sell the 
materials of a brick built messuage or tenement heretofore 
used as the Poor-house or Workhouse of this Parish, 
whereupon 

*' Resolved unanimously— That the Vicar and Parish 
Officers be requested to carry out the order of the 
Commissioners forthwith, by selling the said materials 
either by public auction or private contract, as they may 
deem most expedient." 

" The Vicar and Parish Officers reported that 
the Materials of the Old Parish workhouse were sold by 
auction on the 8th ultimo, pursuant to the Order of the 
Poor Law Commissioners and also of the Vestry, held on 
the 27th of August last, and that the net produce of such 
sale was £17^. 



Authorised 
to insure. 

1842. 
Aug. 2yth. 

An order 
from a Poor 
Law Com- 
missioner 
to sell 
materials. 



Oct. i^th. 
Really done. 




V ?N?>rf==v^/7 X 



CHAPTER VI. 



Will of Henry Archer— Ramston's Gift— Ann Brunusug, ;f i— Eliz. Hatchinson, 
jf 10 — Letter from John Strype re Archer's Gift— Reply from Will: Archer— Edmund 
Wise, £io— Sir Hary Hicks, Baronet, ;f 40— Jones & Norden, ;f2i — Innes, a 
piece of ground— John Ives, £100 — Briscoe, ;f 100— Four silver plates — Schedule 
of Charitable GiftSt 1819 — Ramston, 1585 ; Archer, 1584 ; Smith, 1653 • J^nery 
1662 ; Brand ; Hicks, 1688 ; Tench, 1689 ; Goodfellow, 1686 ; Haray, 1695 
Houblow, 1701 ; Hicks, iyo2Schedule 0/ Charitable Gifts, 1854 — Archer's Charity 
Ramstone's Charity ; Holbrook's Charity ; ;f 550, 3 per cent. ; Hick's Bread 
Almshouses ; Hughes* Farm ; BoviU's Uplands ; House in Piccadilly ; /300 and 
£i2ogs,Sd, Consols; /300; £300; ^250; Indowment for Inmates of Almhouses; 
National Schools ; Seven cottages. 




[he bequests made to a parish must always 
be of interest and importance. I therefore 
give a list of some which I have come across 
in searching the parish records, but it must 
be understood that the list in no sense pretends to be 
complete. There are many small bequests for immediate 
distribution which are not recorded, except one or two 
given as examples. 

At the end of the list are appended copies of two 
schedules of Charitable Gifts drawn up by authority of the 
Vestry in the years 1819 and 1854. The occasion was as 
follows : — 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 247 

In 1819, Parliament passed an Act (59 G 3 c 12) 
entitled '* An Act to amend the Laws for the Relief of 
the Poor." By this Act parishes are authorised to 
establish Select Vestries for the care and management of 
their poor. Leyton availed itself of this, and appointed 
a Select Vestry, who, in presenting a report to the Vestry 
of the income of the parish, included " A schedule of 
Charitable Gifts belonging to this parish of Low Layton." 

In 1854, when Leytonstone was cut off from Leyton, 
and became a separate parish, like a married daughter 
she asked for her " marriage portion " ; and the old 
mother desiring to do justly, appointed a Committee to 
decide what portion of the Leyton Charities should be 
her share. For this purpose the Charitable Bequests 
were again examined, and the Committee appointed 
presented the second list to the Vestry. 

It may be mentioned that the population of the 
parish being : 

1,040 in Leytonstone* 

2,360 in Leyton 



3,400 
it was decided to consider the parish divided into 340 

parts, and, dividing the Charities in the same way, give 

J5J to Leytonstone and §|g to Leyton. 

Of the eight Almshouses, two were to be filled on the 
nomination of Leytonstone, five by Leyton, and one by 
Leytonstone and Leyton alternately. 

* Actually 1,039 ^° Leytonstone 
2,363 in Leyton 
499 in Union 

3,901 



248 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1584- " In Testamentum sive ultima voluntate Henrici 

W'l^\ Archer nuper de Lay ton in Comite Essex generos defuncti 

Henry gerent dat decimo nono die mensis July Anno Dom 1584 

Archer, penes registr: Curie Prerogativ: Cant, remanent & inde 

extract inter alia in eodem continet ut sequitur viz 

*^ And as touching all my lands tenements & rents 
in the County of Essex I give the same unto Ann my 
welbeloved wife during her natural life. And from & 
after her death I will the same unto my brother 
Richard & his issue males And I will that the same 
Richard & his issue male shall pay yearly forty shillings 
unto the poor people of Theydon Garnon in the said 
County and twenty shillings yearly unto the poor people 
of Laughton in the same County by the year to bee payd 
unto the Churchwardens of both the said parishes yearly 
& to be distributed on Whitsunday yearly amongst the 
poor people that shall then be at the service before noon 
in the several parishes there And I wit it for default of 
payment of the same three pounds or any part thereof 
every of the said Churchwardens shall distreine for the 
same so behind due unto their said parish & distribute 
the same accordingly with ten shillings more in every the 
said parishes to bee taken in the said lands and tenements 
by way of a rent charge in name of a paine for every 
such default And even so I will the same my lands & 
tenements shal bee charged with the said sum of three 
pounds unto the poor of the said two parishes & with the 
penalties as above for ever &c. 

" This was taken out of a Table hanging in the parish 

Church of Low Leyton on the right hand of the pulpit 

1679 by me 

'' John Strype Vkr 

Copied from last page but three in Register A. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



249 



*' A memorial of Mr. Ramston's gift to the poor of this 
parish appears by a brass plate fixed against the wall in 
the old chancel neer the Door, viz. 

" Robert Rampston late of Chinkford in the County 
of Essex Gent, deceased, as he was careful in his 
Lifetime to relieve the Poor, so at his end by his 
Testament he gave XXI I;^ yearly to the poor of 
divers Parishes & Prisons Whereof to this Parish 
of Low Leighton he hath given yearly for ever 
XX sh to be paid in the month of Nov: He 
departed this Mortal Life the Therd day of August 
MCCCCCLXXXfyve." 

** M" Ann Brunusug deceased left 20 shillings to the 
poor of this Parish." 

" M"^ Eliz: Hutchinson Deceased left by her last Will 
;^io to the Poor of this Parish wh: was disposed of 
by M*' John Strype Minister." 

*' A letter sent to M' Archer of Coopersale upon the 
neglect of the Payment of a Legacy of 20 shil: yearly 
left by Harry Archer. Gent for the use of the Poor 
of this Parish: To be distributed on Whitsunday. Who 
was buried in the Chancel of this Parish Church under a 
fair stone with an Inscription in Brass Deceased October 

1585- 

" April 20. 1722. 
*^ S' There is a Legacy of 20 sh: a year, given to the 
Poor of this Parish of Leyton by the Last Wil of M'' 
Henr)'^ Archer, an Ancester of yours : to be distributed 
to such poor of the Parish as should be at Service at the 
Church on Whitsunday forenoon. S*" this Legacy hath 
not been paid these two years last past. Whereof our 



1585- 

Aug, yd. 

Ramston's 

Gift. 



1714. 

April. 

20s. for the 

Poor. 

1716. 

December, 

£10 for the 

Poor. 



1722. 

April 20th. 

Archer's 

Gift. 

Letter from 

John Strype. 



250 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Poor have often made complaint both to the Church- 
warden, & me. I do not doubt but that you have given 
the Order for the said 20 sh: to be duly sent and paid 
either to me or the Churchwardens ; but nothing hath 
been received by either these two years ; & a third is now 
neer expiring next Witsunday: when another 20 sh: is to 
be distributed. 

'*Wee have an authentic Copy, among our Parish 
writings, of the said Wil, taken out of the Prerogative 
Office (writ in Parchm') Wherein the said M'^ Archer 
bindeth al his Lands & Tenemf* in Essex, for the 
payment thereof: And giveth power to the Church- 
wardens to distrain for the Money so behind due, with 
10 sh more to be taken by way of a Rent Charge, m 
name of a Pain for every such Default. His Wil bore 
date July the 19. 1584. 

** S' I pray, that the Arrears, which is {2, may be sent 
speedily, with the 20 sh also to be paid next Whitsunday. 
And withal that care may be taken, that hereafter the 
said Legacy may be sent some convenient time before 
the day it is to be distributed: that so the Wil may be 
the more duly performed. 

** I must remember you likewise, that M' Snow our 
late Churchwarden waited upon you at your house at 
Coopersale for the same purpose. You did me the 
honor once to call upon me here at Leyton, chiefly about 
this Legacy, assuring me of your care to see it duly sent. 
I would have returned that obliging visit; but the Journey 
is to far for my Age. 

I am S' 

Your very humble Servant, 
'*JohnStrype." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 25I 

" A copy of M'' Archer's Letter to me in Answer to 
the former Letter. 

**July 14. 1722. 

** S"" Yesterday, & yesterday only, I received yours 1722. 
dated April the 20*^, I am extreamly concerned, that what p^^i^^ \ 
I apprehended so long agoe taken care of should be yet ^^ 

omitted. For one Thomas Perrye a Butcher, my JohnStrype. 
Tenant, paid 2£ of it in account with M"" Peter Serle, to 
him above 2 years since, as he will justify, & was allowed 
the same to him by me as his Rent. 

*' But however I have ordered my Servant at Cooper- 
sale, to come by Low Layton, & pay the whole £'i to last 
Whitsunday inclusive, to your Churchwarden: And wil 
take surer care of it for the future. 

*' You did not need to have given yourself the trouble 
of stating the Charity. For wherever I find any such 
Family Thing, I pay it without further enquiry. The 
worthy Person you spake of dyed seized of Lands 
sufficient to secure that Payment. But his lands at 
Coopersale were but very small & disperst, the Ground 
next his Door not being then his, & almost all of it a 
later Acquisition ; being mostly in other places: & I 
believe the greatest Part of it not now in the Family, tho 
there is a much larger than what he was possessed of. I 
should be glad to continue my Acquaintance with so 
learned & useful man as yourself, & to see you at 
Coopersale as your Health would admit & am 

'* Your most humble Servant 

"Will Archer. 
** Soho Square London." 



252 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1735- 
January, 

£\o to the 
Poor. 



1757- 

Feb. 2Sth. 

Sir Hary 

Hicks £^o. 



1795- 

Jtdy 5ih. 

Jones and 

Nor den, 

2o guineas. 



i8ii. 

January yth. 

Innes, 

Piece of 

Ground. 



** M' Edmund Wise late of this Parish, Deceased: left 
by Will ;f lo to the Poor of this Parish ; wh: sum was by 
Order of Mr James Humberston, Executor to the 
Deceased distributed Jan 3. 4. 5. 1735 by David Capon, 
Curate, to the underwritten Poor Persons." 

Ten shillings each was given to twenty persons. 

" An Ace' of a Legacy of 40 Pounds left to this 
parish by S' Hary Hicks Baronet to be distribet^ to poor 
housekeepers residing in the Parish at his deth that never 
receivd alms from the parish and now given by his 
Exec' Michel Hicks Esq." 

It was distributed among twenty-two people, including 
Mrs. Dubordieu, & Mrs. Capon, widows, respectively, of 
Vicar and Curate. They each received £4. 5s. od. 

^* William Jones Esq*' having left log & M" Norden 
the same sum for the Poor of this Parish 

" Resolved that the same be laid out in the purchase 
of 3 P.*'' reduced annuities & added to the 100^ of the 
annuities now standing in the names of S. Bosanquet, 
Thos. Keighly, Robert James & Elias Lock & the last two 
Gentlemen being dead, that the names of John Pardoe 
Jun' Esq*' & M*' Richard James be added to the account 
in the room of the deceased and that the income of the 
whole be annually expended as is now done with the 
income of the loO;^." 

" Ordered — That the thanks of this Vestry be given to 
James Innes Esq' for the piece of Ground he has given to 
the Public at the corner of the Road opposite to M' Robin- 
son's House & the accommodation thereby afforded to the 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



253 



Inhabitants of this Parish & that these thanks be 
communicated to him by M*" James." 

" The late M*" John Ives of this parish, by his will 
dated the 14'*" day of March 1820, bequeathed to The 
Trustees for the time being of the Bread Fund at Leyton 
the sum of ;^ioo upon trust to lay out and invest the 
same at interest upon government funds or securities and 
from time to time to distribute the interest and produce 
thereof to and among the poor of the said parish of 
Leyton, in bread at the Church, in like manner and at 
the like time as the present fund is distributable." 

'* Received an Extract from the will of the late 
Robert Briscoe Esq. directing a clear ;^ioo to be dis- 
tributed to the poor of this Parish who have not received 
Parochial Relief — Resolved that notice hereof be given 
in the Church & Chapel on Sunday next that applications 
be made to the Church Wardens & Overseers on or 
before the 20^ day of August 1823." 

" M' Edward Golding, churchwarden stated to the 
vestry that he is called on to pay over to the Rev°^ Cha' 
Laprimaudaye Vicar, the sum of ninety pounds received, 
and duly accounted for by John Reay Esquire, the late 
churchwarden as the proceeds of a legacy, bequeathed 
by the late M" Ann Daubuz, to provide four silver plates 
for collections at the church, and which are provided 
accordingly ; — but as the late churchwarden's balance 
on the general account amounted only to {/jy > i • i 
leaving a deficiency of ^f 10 . 18 . 11 on that account after 
payment of the legacy, it therefore became necessary to 
give notice in the usual way, to make a church rate 
which is now produced for the approval of vestry, — 
whereupon it was ; resolved — That the church rate of 



1821. 

March 315^. 
John Ivcs^ 

;^IOO. 



1823. 

August yd, 

Briscoe, 

£100. 



1836.. 

June 8^A. 

Four Silver 

Plates. 



254 



HISTORY OF LBYTON. 



1819. 
Schedule of 
Charitable 

Gifts. 

1585. 
Ramston. 



1584. 
Archer. 



Four Pence in the pound (on the rental of the poor rate) 
now produced be approved and signed." 

" A schedule of Charitable Gifts belonging to this 
parish of Low Ley ton. 

'* Imprimis M^ Robert Ramston of Chinkford gave 
twenty shillings per annum for ever to buy bread for y* 
use of y* poor of this parish to be payd on Allhallown 
Day. Mr. Charles Howland of Caufield Parva in Essex, 
holds y* estate out of which this money is payd, and is a 
rent Charge upon it. The said Ramston made this a 
rent charge upon all his land and tenements in Dunmow 
and little Caufield. Afterwards y* heiress of Ramston 
sold al y* estate in little Caufield, that goes now by y* 
name of Stonhal, upon this condition that y* purchasers 
pay this and y* rest of y* legacies of Charity by y* 
aforesaid Ramstone bequeathed (which amounted to ;f 20 
per annum and upwards) and that if any duties hereafter 
be made upon y* estate at Dunmow for default of pay- 
ment of y* said legacies y* owners of Stonhal shall bear 
them harmless. 

''This I had from M' Calthorpe, an attorney in 
Dunmow February if^ 1679. 

" See y® Brass Plate as a perpetual remembrance of 
this gift fastened against y* wal in y* Chancel neer ye 
South Door. 

"M' Henry Archer formerly of this parish Gentleman, 
gave 20 shillings per annum for ever, which sum is to be 
payd unto y® Churchwardens yearly and by them to be dis- 
tributed on Whitsunday among y* poor people that shal 
then be at y service before noon in y" church. And for 
default of payment of this mony, y" churchwarden is to 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 255 

distrain upon y* land of y* said Henry Archer lying in 
Cooper Sale in this county, and ten shillings more than 
the said Gift amounts to, to be taken by way of a rent 

charge in name of a for every such default as 

appears by a table hanging up on y" right side of y* 
pulpit, which contains so much of y" said Archer's will 
bearing date y® 19* of July 1584 as concerns this legacy. 

" The Lady Archer, Widdow of Sir John Archer for- 
merly a Judge of y* common pleas, living in Cooper Sale 
or Thaydon Gardens appoynts this to be left yearly at 
some place in Leytonstone." 

'*M' John Smith late of this parish merchant built a . , ^ ^^'. , 
fair Alms House of brick adjoyning to y* Churchyard on Almshouse. 
y® West, containing eight rooms for as many poor people 
of this parish, and endowed it with Twenty Pounds pr 
Annum that is to say that y® said poor people shal 
receive fifty shillings apiece yearly by quarterly payments 
for their maintenance during their abiding in y" said 
House. The said John Smith did in his last will and 
testament wil and appoynt his executors, William Love 
Citizen and Alderman of London and Thomas Haford of 
Low Leyton Gentleman to settle certain lands and tene- 
ments upon Feoffees for y® same use as appeareth by his 
Wil dated y® 20'*" day of October 1653. This was 
accordingly by them done y® 7'** day of February 1658. 
Then they granted, bargained, and sold for this use al 
that messuage or tenement with out-houses, barns, stables 
&c late in y* occupation of John Overal, Yeoman, now 
in y® occupation of John Perry, and also at those four 
closes of land, meddow, and pasture in Leyton aforesaid 
to y* said messuage and tenement belonging, conteyning 
together by estimation 18 Acres more or less which said 



256 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

messuge or tenement, closes, and Premises do ly together 
and abut upon y* lands late of Edward Mainard, Gentle- 
man, (now of Richard Hutchinson Esq') towards y* South 
upon y* lands of y* Lady Ashfield in part and y** lands 
of y* said Edward Mainard in part towards the West, 
upon y* Lane leading to Hemstels Green towards y* 
North and upon y® highway leading from Leyton Church 
to Walthamstow towards y* East and are part of a Farm, 
called Hughs* Farm. The Feoffees in trust to whom y* 
premises were made over were Daniel Andrews of Leyton- 
stone, and Lawrence Moyer, William Bowyer and 
Thomas Jenery of Low Leyton, Gentlemen ; and this 
was settled by y* said executors upon y* said Feoffees an 
estate of inheritance in fee simple, and for continuance of 
Trustees for this Almshouse for ever, it was consented 
and agreed between y** said executors and y* four above 
named Feoffees, that as often as al y* Trustees except 
two, be dead, then y* survivors shal make a new convey- 
ance or Assurance to some other certain numbers of 
sufficient honest able men which then shal be inhabitants 
of Low Leyton parish not exceeding y* number of five 
or six at y* most and not under y* number of four which 
said conveyances or Assurance shal be to and for y* use of 
y* said surviving trustees and y* said other persons to 
whom y* same shal be so made, to and for y* trusts and 
purposes aforesaid. 

** The present Trustees are Matthew Goodfellow, 
Dalby Thomas, Richard Sadler, Gentlemen and John 
Strype Vicar." 

1662. '< M" Jenery wife of M' Richard Jenery citizen of 

Mrs. Jenery. London gave £7, to be layd out for Bibles to be given to y" 

Children of y* poor people of this parish, and 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



257 



accordingly 15 bibles were bought with that mony and 
delivered out to as many poor Children on Easter Day 
March 30'^ 1662 by Philip Anderton Minister and Robert 
Smith Churchwarden, as appears in this Book." 

** M^ Benjamin Brand left Five Pounds to y® parish Benjamin 

which was layd out for y® changing: of y* old communion ^ ^^^ \ 
^, ,. - , . , . , ,, Communwn 

Chalice for a greater which is now used. Chalice 



'* Sir William Hicks Knight and Baronet gave yt 
large silver flaggon yt is now used at y® Holy 
Sacrament." 

'* Nathaniel Tench Esq gave y® new communion 
Table and y® platform on which it stands and two smal 
crickets for each side thereof." 

*' M'' Charles Goodfellow Merchant lately deceased at 
Aleppo gave by Will y® sum of Twenty pounds to y® 
poor of this Parish." 

** Robert H. Haray Esq*" gave by Will some pounds 
to y^ poor of this parish being an ainshant inhabitant 
here." 

'* Sir James Houblow Knight, Alderman of London 
deceased gave by legacy ten pounds to y® pore of this 
parish which was accordingly disposed of by y* Minister 
and Churchwardens." 

'* Sir William Hicks Knight and Baronet by his last 
Will and Testament gave to y* poor of this parish y® 
sum of fifty pound, not yet paid by his executrix Dam^ 
Martha Agnes his Widow, this 27*^ Sept'' 1703- 

** The said Lady Hicks by consent of the parish (as 
appears by an order of Vestry in another parish book of 



1688. 

Sir William 

Hicks. 

1689. 

Nathaniel 

Tench, 

1686. 

Charles 

Goodfellow, 

1695. 

Robert 

H, Haray, 



1 701. 
Sir J as, 

Hoiiblow, 



1702. 

Sir William 

Hicks, 



258 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1854. 
June igth. 
Schedule of 
Charitable 

Gifts. 

Archer's 
Charity. 



Rampstoris 
Charity, 



Holbrookes 
Charity, 



£550, 
3 per cent. 



Hick's 
Bread. 



Parchment) allows 50* a year while she hath the above 
said legacy in her hands to be layd out by y* minister 
and Officers of y* parish in bread for y* poor until some- 
thing may be bought with y* said 50^^ for a constant 
annuity in bread for y* poor of y* parish to be bought by 
y^ rent issuing from y* purchase. 

*' This bread first began to be provided and given in 
Nov' 1704. My Lady then sending 50' to y* parish for 
y* purpose." 

The second Schedule of 1854 is presented to the 
Vestry as follows : — 

**And we further find that the charities of the parish 
of Leyton consist of the following particulars, viz. 

"The yearly rent charge issuing out of lands at 
Coopersale Essex, called Archer's Charity, given generally 
for the poor of the parish of £1 os. od. 

" The yearly rent charge issuing out of land at Dunmow 
and Little Caulfield, Essex, called Rampston's Charity, 
for bread for the poor of the parish of .... £1 os. od. 

" The yearly rent charge issuing out of a messuage 
and lands in Marsh Street, Walthamstow, Essex, called 
Holbrook's Charity, for bread for the aged poor of the 
parish of £^9 os. od. 

" The yearly dividends arising from ;^550, 3 per cent, 
reduced Annuities for Bread for the poor of the parish, 
amounting to .... ;^i6 105. od. 

*^ The yearly rent arising from land in the parish in 
the occupation of Mr. John Wheen, called Hick's Charity 
for Bread for the parish of ... .... £16 os. od. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 259 

** Total amount of annual sums for distribution in 
bread 1^2 \os. od.'' 

" Eight Almshouses situated near the Parish Church Almshouses, 
for the benefit of eight poor women of the parish called 
Smith's Almshouses, endowed with the following yearly 



"The yearly rent charge issuing out of the farm in Hughes* 

this parish called Hughes' Farm, of .... ^^20 os. od. ^^^^' 

*' The yearly rent charge issuing out of Bovill's Up- Boviirs 

lands in this parish of ;f 12 05. od. Uplands. 

" The yearly rent charge issuing out of a house in House in 

Dover Street, Piccadilly, of £6 os. od. P^^'^^^^h'^ 

*' The yearly dividends on two sums of £yyo and £100 and 

;^I20 gs. 8d., respecting 2 percent. Consuls amounting ^^^95. 8^. 

to ;^I2 I2S. 3^. 

" The yearly dividends on ;f 200, 3 J per cent, annuities, ;^2oo. 

amounting to £6 los. od. 

*' The yearly dividends on ;^300, 3 per cent, reduced ;f3oo. 

annuities, amounting to £g os. od. 

'* The yearly dividends on ;^25o, bank stock, amount- £250. 

ing to ;^20 05. od. 

"Total annual endowments for inmates of Smith's Endowment 

for Inmates 

Almshouses £06 2S. 3a. of the 

'* The School Buildings and premises at Ley ton for Almshouses. 

the free education of seven children of Walthamstow, and National 

seven children of Leyton, called Ozler's Charity. Afield ^^''''^^'- 



26o HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

in the parish in the occupation of Mr. Richard Andrews, 
also Ozler's Charity, the rent of which is to be applied in 
payment of the schoolmaster appointed to the above 
school, the annual rent of which is .... ^^8 os. od. 

" The yearly rent charge paid out of premises in the 
occupation of Mr. James Pamplin, also Ozler's Charity, 
to be also paid to the schoolmaster ot .... ;^I2 05. od, 

*' The yearly dividends arising from the sum of ;^200, 
Consols given by the late Mr. William Bosanquet, also 
paid to the schoolmaster amounting to .... £6 os. od. 

Seven *' Total amount of Ozler's Charity .... ;f26 09. od. 

Cottages. t4 xhere appears to be seven cottages belonging to the 

parish of Ley ton, held by the parish of the Lord of the 
Manor of Leyton, now on lease to Mr. Johnson at the 
rent of ;^58 per annum, which is paid to the Overseers of 
the parish, and by them applied in part payment of the 
poor rates of the parish. We have no means of ascer- 
taining whether this is a correct application of the annual 
income of this property or whether it was originally 
given for the purposes of charity. 

" Excepting as appears by this report we are not aware 
of the existence of any other charities belonging to this 
parish. 

'' (Signed) Fred^- Bedwell, 

Henry M. Harvey, 
John Pardoe, Vicar." 



Part III. 



General Matters. 



Chapter I. 
RATES. 

Chapter II. 
PUBLIC HOUSES. 

Chapter III. 
MILITARY MATTERS. 

Chapter IV. 
COMMON LAND. 

Chapter V. 
THE HIGH STREET COTTAGES. 

Chapter VI. 
OLD PRIVATE HOUSES. 

Chapter VII. 
NOTED LEYTONIANS. 

Chapter VIII. 
PARISH DIARY. 



Part III. 



CHAPTER I. 



'Rated. 

A Church rate 1651 — High waies rate by order of the Lord Protecter, 1654— Poor 
rate 1661— Parish divided 1669 — Poor rate 1674— Poor rate 4^. in the £ — 
Robbery rate— Two rates in one year— Rental and Assessment 1696 — Poor rate 
1699 — Rate for 1705 — Walthamstow acknowledging her children— How to compel 
defaulters to pay— "Assessed, rated and taxed "—Refusing to pay rates— Poor 
rate 45. in the ;f— Comments by " R. J."— A new Shire Hall— Farms in 1797 — 
A bad beginning for 1800 — Sundry rate-payers in 1812— Year after Waterloo 
—Poor rate 65. in the ;C— In 1820 7J. in the ;f— Ten Years* Poors rate— A list 

of evils. 




EN may come, and men may go, but rates 
go on for ever : when, however, they are 
rates, not that we have to pay, but that 
someone else has paid, the study of them 

is not uninteresting. I have ventured, therefore, to devote 

a few pages to the EngUshman's standing grievance. 

Perhaps it may prevent some of us sighing for the 

'* Good old times.'' 

"A rate made ye 31** of March 1651 by the 
inhabitants of Low Layton for the repairing of the 
Church, and Churchyard of the said Parish." 

This rate reaHsed £/^2 11s. od. 



1651. 

Church 
RaU. 



264 



HISTORY OF LEVtON. 



Items of 
Expenditure. 



1654. 
*^High waies 

Rate, 

by order of 

the Lord 

Protecter* 



Among the ratepayers are the following, which are 
not without interest. 



Sir William Hickes Barronet ... 
The Owners of the Grange Land 

The Ladle Ashfield 

Captayn Wenies 

Captayn Lawrince Moyer 
Nicholas Browne Le Harrow ... 



3 
6 
2 
o 
I 
o 



10 

5 
o 

9 
5 
I 



In the account of the expenditure of this amount 
raised for ** the repairing the Church & Churchyard " 
are the following items : — 



7 
5 



6 
. 2 
.6 



Paid For a Child at Milend o . 

For Maimed Souldgers o 

For Bread & Wine o 

For 1000 bricks, lime sand spent al>out ye 

Church Wale & Church 1.5.6 

Brett the Smith for iron' worke about the 

Church gate & Whipping Post ... o . 3.2 

''A raite made the of May 1654 by the 

inhabitants of the parrish of Layton in the Countie 
of Essex for reparing the high waies according to an 
order sett foorth by the Lord Protecter and his 
Councill." 

A Hst of names is given as follows, but no amounts 
are entered : — 



" Sir William Hickes 

Baronett 
M' Thomas Baker Esq: 
M' John Smith 
Mj Daniell Andrewes 
M' Robert Crowe 
M"^ William Bowyer of 

Layton Stone 



M"^ Criste 

M"^ Edward Maynard 
M' Richard Bone 
M' Nicholas Church 
M' Hugh Williams of 

Capper Street 
John Overell 
The Widdow Waine 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



265 



M' Lawson 
M" fforrds Widdow 
M*" Laurance Moyer 
M' William Bowyer of 

Lowe Layton 
M' Beniamon Brande 
M' Burrell 
M' George Swanlie 
M' Elias Jordan 
M"^ Thomas Jordan 
M' Williams of Layton 

Stone 
M^ John Wright 
M' Thomas Hayford 
M' Thomas Hopkins 
M' Thomas Jennery 



John ffletcher 
William Coones 
Hugh Coones 
Thomas Nash 
John Burton 
Thomas Keat 
Jeames Werkinson 
Richard Stocke 
Nicholas Tyler 
Robert Johnson 
Richard Shiffield 
John Coones 
Robert Bauden 
Nicholas Browne 
John Brookes 
John Mason '* 



The "Assessment for the necessary releife of the 
poore " for 1661 reached the sum of ^^34 los. 4'/. and 
includes for the first time 

Charles Lord Goiring Ley ton St 1.6.0 

In 1669 the amount had fallen to l2\ 105. 8rf. It is 
interesting to notice that this year the parish was, for the 
purpose of rating, divided into four portions as follows: — 



1661. 
Poor Rate. 



1. Un-named ... 

2. Layton Streete 

3. Capp^ Street* 

4. Landholders 



6 . 19 . 4 
5 . 18 . 10 
2 . 19 . 8 
5 . 12 . 10 



Includes Richard Jennings att y« flferry 



21 . 10 
o- 5 



8 
o 



• is. Capworth Street. In 1654 and 1670, it is called •* Capper Street," and 
"Caper Street"; in 1671, *• Capworth Street." 



1669. 
Parish 
divided. 



266 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1674. 
Poor Rate, 



1676. 
Poor RaU. 

1691. 
RohheryRate 

1693. 
Two Rates 
in one year. 



1696. 
Rental and 
Assessment, 



I 


13 


•4 





8 


. 


. 


10 


. 


. 


10 


. 


. 


12 


6 


, 


9 


5 



In 1674 the following are among the assessment for 
the poor : — 

The Countess of Norwich 

Alderman Love 

Squire JeflFords 

M"^ Matthews for Temple Mill 

Wyddow Johnson ffor y« Tyths 
William Humphreys for Wall Wood ... 

The total amount was ^^45 ys, 2d. 

The year 1676 is the first time the rate per £ is 
given, when it was fixed at ^d. and realized ^33 i8s, 6i. 

A penny rate for robbery money, etc., was made. 

May 1st, 1693. ** A rate for the Maintenance of the 
Pensioners'' was made * Agoing at 6"* per pound," which 
realized ^^53 85. od,, but it did not **go'* far enough; 
and an additional rate of 2d. in the pound was made on 
Michaelmas day of the same year. 

The following entries are of interest : — 



M" Lovett for y* Green Man *. 
The Occupier of Mark-house 
The Occupier of flagg mead 



5.0 
7.6 
4.6 



In 1696 the rate was j^d, in the £\ and the parish 
divided as follows : — 



Rental. 

670 . 10 . o 

671 . 10 . o 
281 . 0.0 
547 . 10 . o 

2170 . 10 . o 



District. 
Laytonstone ... 
Low Layton ... 
Capworth Street 
Outlyers 



Assessment. 
20 . 15 . o 
20 . o . 7 
8 . I . loj 
16 . 4 . 8i 

63 . 2 . 2 



* First mention of the Green Man ; but Mr. Philipp Lovett is rated as early 
as 1673. Mrs. Lovett appears to be his widow. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



267 



This year the upward tendency is very manifest ; it 
being found necessary to make two half-yearly rates of 
8i. and 6d. in the £, which produced as follows : — 

Rental. Assessment. 

70. 15. 8 

54. 8. 3 



1699. 
Poor Rate, 



2123 . 10 . o 
2176 . 10 , o 



Among the properties rated in 1705 we find : — 

75 . o . o Samuel Parker for the Ivy house *^' 

30 . o . o More for Mark house 

7.0.0 M^ Walter Rion For Land belong- 
ing to the Poor of Lincoln 
38 . o . o Matthew Todd for the Black 
Marshes 



125 . 3 . II 




find:— 
1.5.0 


1705- 
Poor RaU 


. 10 . 





2.4 



O . 12 . 8 

**We Sir William Coles and Richard Martin Esq: 
Churchwardens and John Achison and James Matthews 
Overseers of the poor of the parish of Walthamstow in 
the County of Essex Do hereby own and acknowledge 
Michael Haslop and EHzabeth his wife to be Inhabitants 
and Legally settled in the said parish of Walthamstow In 
witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands and 
seals this Thirteenth day of October in the nineth year of 
Our Sovereign Lady Anne by the Grace of God of Great 
Brittain ffrance and Ireland Queen Defender of the 
Faith Anno: Dom: 1710. 

'* William Coles ) ^, , 
Richard Martyn I Churchwardens. 



Attested by 

Robert Bigg 

Henry Morfhet. James Matthews 

John Achison 

** To the Churchwardens and Overseers of the poor of 



Overseers. 



1710. 

Waltham- 
siow acknow' 
Udging her 

children. 



* The next half year it is Ivy House Farm. 



268 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1737. 
How to com- 
pel defaulters 
to pay, 

1775- 
Assessed^ 
rated and 

taxed. 



the Parish of Low Layton in the County of Essex or to 
any or either of them. 

** We whose names are hereunto subscribed Justices of 
the peace for the County of Essx do allow of the certifi- 
cate above written dated the Thirteenth day of October 

Anno: Dom : 1710. 

** Jo: Conyers. 
Fisher Tench/' 
*' The Churchwarden M' Rich** Smith is desired to 
apply to Doct" Commons to obtain the best way to oblige 
those persons that refuse to pay their Rates." 

The parish of Leyton was "assessed, rated, & 
taxed, by the Churchwardens & Inhabitants " in the year 
1775) and for this purpose was divided as follows : — 



Rental 

;fl004 

186 
606 

463 
162 

35 

75 

3844 
Assessors. 



District 
In the Vill of Leyton 

Capport Street 

From le Marke to Felybrigges * 

and Ruckholt 

The Hamlet of Leytonstone 

The Forest 

Knotts Green 

Knights Green 

Out Dwellers 



Assessment 

16 . 14 . 8 

^ , 2.0 



10 
21 

7 
2 
o 

I 



17 
14 
14 
II 

5 



o 

8 

4 
o 
8 
o 



' Heath Ellis 
Edward Rose Mores 
Per* Bertie 
S. Bosanquet 
Robert James 
Cha' Bocock 
Francis Sandles 
Robt Mathie." 



64 . 1.4 
Churchwardens. 



* Query. Phillibrook. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



269 



'* Many persons having refused to pay y® rates charged 
for the premises they occupy in this parish, under pretence 
that y® time of y* present rate commences only at Lady 
Day next, whereby y^ poor are liable to suffer by y" said 
neglect, Order'd that y® overseer do summon such persons, 
who refuse to pay their present rates, to y® next sessions 
at Ilford 

" Henry Henley Overseer 

P. Bertie 

Robert James 

Edw^ Wells " 

This year two half-yearly rates were made for the 
**' Necessary relief of the poor" ; each assessment at the 
rate of 2s. in the £ : a very great increase on 1728. These 
rates produced as follows : — 



Lady Day ... 
Michaelmas 



Rental. 
A237 



Rate. 

423 . 14 . o 

424 . 16 . o 

848 . 10 . o 



1780. 
Refusing to 
pay rates. 



1783. 

Two 

half-yearly 

rates. 



The Overseer's account came to ^^906 165. 2jrf., of 
which the following are the chief items : — 

Weekly pensions 149.13. 6 

Casual poor 54 • 3 • ^ 

Bills paid 589. 6 . 11 

Paid to other Parishes for poor claiming 

settlement at Ley ton 36 . 10 . o 

4 Apprentices put out 15 . 16 . o 

This year is interesting because some one signing him- 
self ** R.J." has gone through the first half-year's assess- 
ment, adding comments, which to me seem so interesting 
that I transcribe them verbatim. 



1783. 

Comments 
by " R.J." 



270 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Rem 

£ 

85 


Name. 


Remarks by " R.J." 


Rate. 




Nathaniel Brassey 


.. The Grange House. 


8, 


10 


. 


15 


David Thomson 


.. Lyon & Key 


I . 


10 . 





19 


William Bill 


. . formerly Gregory 


I , 


18 





48 


James Mansfield 


... Walnut Tree House 


4. 


16, 





95 


Thomas Oliver 


... formerly Sir Fisher Tench 


9- 


10 . 





15 


Stephen Pash 


.. in Well Street, formerly 












M' Cooper 


I . 


10 





8 


Thomas Abbott 


.. formerly M" Farrell 


. 


16. 





17 


James Perry... 


.. a Butcher formerly Coant 


I . 


14 





9 


Joseph Markby 


.. formerly Hoys a Wheeler 


. 


18 





10 


Samuel Fleming 


.. formerly Tho» Bellard ... 


I . 


. 





23 


M"Norden ... 


. . formerly — Holloway 


2 . 


6 





10 


Marten Raine 


.. formerly Widow Todd ... 


I . 








10 


William Collins 


.. a Baker's shop 


I . 








80 


M" Moyer and tena 


nt The oldest house in the 












Parish 


8. 








90 


Jas Oliver ... 


... formerly Sir Fisher Tench 


9- 


10 


. 


43 


R. Andrews ... 


... formerly M' Minors 


4- 


6 


. 


44 


Saml Lichagary 


.. formerly Df Lea 


4- 


8 





12 


Tho« Jones ... 


. . The Blackbirds 


I . 


4 





10 


Tho» Bailey... 


... Rose & Crown 


I . 


, 





30 


William Holebrook 


. . formerly a Brewhouse ... 


3- 


. 





30 


Peregrine Fisher 


.. formerly M' Barwell 


3- 


4 





20 


M" Joshua Green 


.. formerly a School Kept by 












— Cook 


2 . 


, 





44 


WilUam Wilson 


.. formerly Stephen Skyner 


4. 


8 





45 


M" Peter Berthon 


.. formerly Richard Bristow* 


4- 


10 





37 


Jno Ranby ... 


.. Knotts Green formerly 












G.Stow ... 


3. 


14. 





22 


Tho« Carter... 


.. Whips Cross 


2 . 


4« 





42 


William Gill 


... formerly P. Cartwright ... 


4- 


4 





25 


John Phillimore 


.. late Van Norten .. 


2 . 


10 . 





40 


William Newman 


... formerly Philip Hall 


4- 


. 





15 


George Dowsett 


.. a Butcher's Shop 


I . 


10 . 





12 


Joseph Dale... 


.. a Baker the entrance of 












CapworthS* 


I . 


4- 






* In 1786, Thomas Masterman. 1788, William Masterman. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



271 



Rent. 

£ 



Name. 



Remarks by "R.J. 



Rate. 



50 


JohnRobley 


.. Capworth S* formerly M""* 












Moor ... 


5- 


. 





34 


M« Coombs... 


.. formerly Sir Rich: Hopkins 












and Sir Robt Beachcroft 


3- 


8. 





58 


Jno Pardoe 


.. formerly M^ Andree 


5 • 


16. 





67 


John Story ... 


.. formerly M' Phillips built 












by David Gansell 


6. 


14. 





60 


Richard Warren . 


.. late Mores formerly the 
BowHng Green House 












Built by Edw R. Mores 


6. 


. 





131 


Charles Bocock 


.. The Ive Farm 


13 . 


2 . 





50 


Thomas Davis 


.. Black Marsh Farm formerly 












Tod 


5. 


. 


, 


13 


Stephen Welch 


.. part of Mark House 


I . 


6. 





5 


M« Fellows... 


.. on the Forest an antient 












Cottage 


. 


10 , 


. 


55 


Samuel Bosanquet . 


.. Forest House 


5- 


10 , 


. 


85 


Robert James 


.. Beryfield Farm 


8. 


10 , 


, 


37 


M" Curtis ... 


.. formerly an Assembly 












House 


3. 


14. 





48 


Thomas Farrer 


. . Wallwood House 


4- 


16. 


. 


10 


M" Williamson 


. . An old Butcher's shop . . . 


I . 


, 


. 


88 


Robert Adams 


.. Wallwood Farm 


8- 


16, 


. 


46 


Thomas Ayre 


.. formerly M*^« Lewis 


4- 


> 12 


. 


18 


Robert Briscoe 


.. formerly the Green Man 
Inn 


I , 


. 16 


. 


18 


Ary Holman 


I , 


. 16 


. 


32 


Obadiah Reaves . 


.. Now the Green Man Inn 


3 


• 4 


. 


20 


John Moflfatt 


.. Ley Spring House 


2 , 


. 


. 


10 


Thomas Shearman . 


.. The Crown Public House 


I 


. 


. 


II 


William Baxter 


.. The Red Lyon Publick 


• 










House 


I , 


. 2 


. 


37 


John Newton 


.. formerly a Farm House 
occupied by A. Stracey 
& belongs to the Poor of 












Bourn 


3 


. 14 


. 


6 


Henry Henley 


...A Chandler's Shop by the 












Chapel 





. 12 


. 



272 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



84 Adam Stacy and 
Robert Greatorex 
10 George Bridges 

18 William Perkins 



10 M" Jane Cole 

50 Samuel Turner 

34 William Hanson 

80 Heath Ellis... 

22 Matthews & C° 



23 John Greenhill 

4 Thomas Archer 

8 James Wareham 

6 William Hurst 

6 Thomas Davis 



2 . 


10 , 


. 


2 . 


10 . 


, 


4 • 


6, 


. 


I . 


16, 


. 


8. 


, 8. 


. 



Rent. Name. Remarks by " R.J." Rate. 

£ 

25 John Hay A Nursery 

25 John Coalthist ... A Boys* School 

43 Capt Timothy Maughe formerly M^ Dunster 

1 8 Nicholas Wright . . . late Martin The Bell Public 

House 

[Halliwell Down Farm. ... 

... The Plough & Harrow 

Public House i . o . o 

... The Nursery at Halliwell 
Down formerly Spencer 
Turner i . 16 . o 

... The Boundary House at 
Halliwell Down 

... The Warren Farm 

... Phillebrook House* 

... Ruckholt Farm 

... Temple Mills 

Out Dwellers. 

... for Ruckholt meadow 25 
acres 

... for part of Two Fields in 
Capworth S' 

... 13 acres of Marsh Land 
belonging to W. Bosan- 
quet o . 16 . o 

... For a Field at Temple 
Mills belonging to M' 
Harvey o . 12 , o 

... For a Field at Temple 

Mills o . 12 . o 



I . 





. 


5. 





. 


3. 


8 


. 


8 . 





. 


2 . 


4 


. 


2 . 


6. 


. 


. 


8, 


. 



After the Assessment for the Poor this year, is the 
following entry, which explains itself: — 



• In 1775 William Hanson was Assessed ;f34, Rate 115. 4^., but the House 
was not named. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



273 



** Also an assessment of three half-pence in the pound 
on all occupiers of Lands Heriditaments and Premises in 
the Parish aforesaid towards the expence of building a 
New Shire House in the said County according to an Act 
of Parliment passed in the 29*^ year of His Majestys 
Reign and in conformity to the Order of the Court of 
Quarter Sessions for the said County/' 

The rate realised £2^ its. y^d. 

The following farms were rated in 1797 : 
Mr. Samuel Turner: — 
£s^ Warren Farm ... 



93 Ruckhold Farm... 

26 Grove Green Land 

28 Ruckholt Meads 

8 Marsh Lands 



60 acres \ 
150 ». 
27 .. 
25 »- 
13 r 



I 

y 25 . 12 . 6 



275 



Mr. William Carter : — 

£1^ 3 Fields in Capworth St.... 12 acres i 

II Land of Mr. Shepherd ... 9 „ j 

7 Marsh Land of Mr. Pardoe 12 „ [ 

7 do Mr. Holbrook 8 ' 



6 . 17 . 6 



The century commenced badly for the ratepayers, as 
they were called upon to pay two rates of 25. 6d. and 3s. 
in the £^ which produced as follows : — 

Rental. Assessment. 

Lady Day £5»^59 657.7.6 

Michaelmas 5*247 787 .1.0 



1448 .8.6 



1789. 

A new 

Shire Hall. 



1797. 
Farms, 



1800. 

A bad 

beginning, 

5l6intke£. 



But even this did not suffice, for the Overseer's account 
for the year reached the sum of ;^i,828 185. 10^. 



274 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

i8i2. Farms and Land taxed in 1812 : — 

Sundry 
RaUpayers. Acres. Assessment. Rate. 

J. T. Daubuz occupied House 
& Land formerly occ: by 

S' Fisher Tench 80 ... j^2oo ... 25 . o . o 

Thomas Lane occupied Grange 40 ... 137 ... 17 . 2 . 6 
Richard Adams 3 Fields 

Called " Coney Brooke " ... 12 
Six Cottages occupied by 
Edw Founder 
Tho« Johnson 
Widow Webb 
Robt Greaves 
— Smith 
John Cook 

Ex: of John Clarke Ive Farm 209^... 394 ... 36 . 15 . o 
Richard James Berry Field 
Farm 26 

James Fletcher Wallwood 
Farm 120 ... 187... 23. 7.6 

John Coope Ley Spring 

House Garden & Land ... 20 ... 81 ... 10 . 2.6 

James Baker for Land held 
of the Dyers Company or 
Poor of Bourne ... 17 

John Kirkham. The Boundary 
House adjoining to Wan- 
stead Parish ... 6 ... 15 . o 

Priest & Co The Mill Lead Co 
for a Cottage & Part of Mill ... 22 ... 2 . 15 . o 

William Turner 

Ruckholt Farm 180 

Warren Farm 64 

John A. Doxat Phillibrook 
House Garden & Land ... 18 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



275 



Acres. Assessment. Rate. 



Charles Jones Lyon & Key 
& part of the Church 
Field 3 • 

William Perkins for a Barn 
& 3 Arable Fields at Hal- 35 
liwell Down 

Jeremiah Harman part of his 

Pleasure Ground ... i . 

This year two rates were made :- 



£21 



12 . 6 



7.6 



Midsummer at 3/- in the { on £7,SS7 yielding 1133 • ^^ 
Christmas at 3/- in the £ on £7^501 yielding 1125 . 3 



2258 . 14 . o 



'*The Poors' Rates for the year commencing at Lady 
Day, 1 8 19, and ending at Lady Day, 1820, amount to 
£2677 17^- orf., viz. : — 

The half year to Michaelmas at 3^ in the Pound 1 148 . 5.0 

The Quarter to Christmas at 2* „ ,, ,, 768 .12.0 

„ Lady Day at 2^ „ ,. ,, 761 . o . o 



2,677 .17-0 



*' The paupers now in the House are 15 Men 15 Women 
1 1 Boys and 8 Girls ; who are employed in the usual 
manner." 

'' In closing their Report, the Select Vestry are induced 
to lay before the Inhabitants concise views of the Poors 
Rates, and of the Accounts of the Overseers, for the last 
10 years. During that period, the Rates will appear to 
have advanced almost progressivel)', from 5 shillings per 
annum in the pound to seven. But although an increase 
in the Rates be doubtless matter of regret, it should be 
recollected, that the evil is not peculiar to Leyton. It is 



1816. 

Year after 
Waterloo, 



1820. 

Poor Rate 

at 75. in 

the£. 



October gtk. 

Ten years 

Poors' 

Rates. 



276 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



felt universally throughout the kingdom ; & the Select 
Vestry are not aware that any methods, beyond those 
already taken, can at present be adopted for lightening 
the burthen in this Parish. Benefit has been found to 
arise from the operation of those clauses of the late Act 
of Parliament, which authorise the removal of Irish and 
other foreign Paupers. Some of these have actually 
removed; and many others, it is apprehended, have been 
restrained from applying for relief, in order to avoid 
similar removals. None can be removed until they 
become actually chargeable.'* 



The Poors Kates. 


Receipts & Payments of the Oversea 


Year. 


Rate. 


Amount 




Receipts. 


Payments. 


1810 


5/- 


£\66j , 10 . 





^2453. 6. 2 


;^i8oi .6.8 


1811 


61- 


2^53 . 2 . 


6 


2234 . 18 . I 


2169 .1.2 


1812 


5/3 


1973 . 1 . 


3 


2083 . 17 . II 


1996 . 15 . 8 


1813 


5/- 


1907 . 11 


3 


1919 .1.8 


2056 . 16 . 6 


1814 


5/3 


2016 . 2 


. 


1832 .5-3 


2011 . II . 5 


1815 


5/6 


2088 . 17 


6 


2050 . 14 . 


2080 . 14 . I 


1816 


6/- 


2236 . 19 


6 


2326 .3.8 


221 1 .9.7 


1817 


6/- 


2268 . 7 


.6 


2415 . 19 . 5 


2497 . 10 . II 


1818 


6/6 


2473 • 13 


6 


3144 -7-7 


3033 . 18 . 6i 


1819* 


7/- 


2818. 6 


0* 


2891 . 2 . 3i 


2880 .1.6} 



** ^B. — In the foregoing statements, the gross amounts 
of the * Rates ' are given, not the net monies 
collected; and in the sums specified under the 
head Receipts are included such balances as may 



* Ihe following shews the increase up to the year 1892. 




Year. 


Rateable Value. 


Rate. 


Amount. 


1825 


;f 7.783 .. 


. 3/- 


1.167 9 


1850 


14.587 . . 


.. 1/6 


1,094 6 


1875 


50,923 


1/8 


4,243 " 8 


1890 


168,570 


. 1/8 


14,047 10 


1892 


176.885 .. 


i/ip 


16.214 9 2 



evils. 



HISTORY OF LBYTON. 277 

have been paid over by the Overseers of the pre- 
ceding year. The ' Payments ' comprehend the 
whole of the outgoings for each year. 

"James K. Clement, 

" Chairman.^* 

The following extract shews the reason given to the ^^^3- 
Ratepayers for these exceedingly heavy rates : — ^ listo/ 

" In conclusion the select vestry beg to observe that 
a large portion of the applications to the parish during 
the past year, have been occasioned by the severity of 
the weather, by the failure of a principal farmer in the 
parish, by severe sickness amongst the poor; from the 
Small Pox, and from the bad character of many of the 
inhabitants of the parish who spend their earnings at the 
Public Houses, leaving their families to starve unless 
supported by the Poors* Rate. The frequent meeting of 
a vestry for the relief of the poor tends also to encourage 
applications that would not otherwise be made. The 
severity of the weather is a visitation which necessarily 
brings additional claimants for relief, and the number of 
persons thrown out of work from Mr. Turner's Farm 
caused great distress. The sickness amongst the poor is 
occasioned in great measure by the crowded and miser- 
able state of the habitations, and from the influx of the 
lowest description of Irish into the lodging Houses in the 
parish. The small pox was introduced by a traveller and 
spread with great rapidity amongst the children, who 
from strong prejudice on the part of the parents had not 
been vaccinated ; although they had the opportunity at 
the expence of the parish; and this is a subject very 
deserving of the attention of the vestry. During the 



278 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

past year, the select vestry have been unexpectedly called 
upon to pay a considerable sum for Small Pox inoculation 
and as they thought the late Apothecary had by inocu- 
lating so many of the children rather exceeded the 
latitude allowed him they felt it their duty to submit the 
account to the General Vestry. 

*' In the past year the Select Vestry have proceeded 
against a man, whose family had been a heavy charge on 
the parish ; and who, when employed by the parish left 
his work and got drunk at the public House. By enforcing 
the law against those who neglect their duty to their 
families, the poor themselves will be improved, and the 
parish relieved from many a heavy claim, and with this 
view it becomes of great importance to appoint constables 
of sober and regular habits, which has not always been 
the case.*' 




CHAPTER II. 



public 1)ou6e6« 

Earliest mention of Public Houses— Vestry Meetings held at Public Houses— 
MischiefiB from Shuffle Board and Skittles— Too many Public Houses— Parish will 
'* stand to their orders "—Selling without a license— Another case— Circumvented 
by the '* Excise Officer "—Public Houses in 1776— The " Blackbirds " not required 
— *' Plough and Harrow ''—Certificate not signed. 




SUPPOSE everybody takes an interest in 
Public Houses, but what kind of interest 
depends, of course, upon their standpoint,- 
and the ** standpoints " are many between 
the '' Publican" and the '' Good-Templar." The facts 
here presented are for all, with full liberty to look at them 
from whatever standpoint they please. 

The following is a list of Public Houses in the parish, 
with the year in which I have found them first 
mentioned : — 

165 1. ** Nicholas Browne* * Le Harrow 't paid for 
Church rate i/6." 



* In an old parish book of 1658 is the following :—•« Will of Nich: Browne 
Innkeeper he kept the Bowling Green proved 3 May 1658." 
t In tjye it was •« The Plough and Harrow.'* 



Earliest 

mention of 

public 

houses. 



28o HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1670. " Widow Unwin of the * Robin Hood ' Ley ton 
Stone, was buried." 
** John Evans of the * Green Man ' Leyton 
Stone* was buried." 

1693. '* M" Lovett * Y* Green Man ' paid 5/ for poor 
rate being 8'^ in £.''\ 

1736. Sept. 20. Ordered by the Vestry **That Stocks 
and Whipping post be erected forthwith near 
the ' Lion & Key.' " 

1793. " Nicholas Wright * The Bell Public House * paid 
36/. poor rate being; 2/- in the £.'' 

Vestry Vestry Meetings were held at the following Houses : — 

meetings held ^ ,, *,. ^^ ,. ^ 

at public ^^^- " Y« Bowling Green house " 

171 1. ** At y" Sign of y* blackbirds " 

17 1 7. "At Widdow Goads Coffie House " 

1724. " At Michael Blois Coffee House " 

" At M' Bridges y* Churchwarden at y* Coach & 
Horses in Leytonstone " 

1726. ** At Jewksons Coffey house '' 

1732. " At The Rose & Crown in Leyton " 

1733- " At the Robin Hood at Leytonstone " 

1738. '' At Struttens Coffey house " 

After 1742 Vestry Meetings were held at the Work- 
house, till it was taken down in 1842. 

* There was as late as 1 741 a " Green Man " at Leyton, standing on the spot 
now occupied by Town Hall Buildings. 

t Mr. Philipp Lovett was rated as early as 1673. Mrs. Lovett appears to be his 
widow. Perhaps he took it on the death of John Evans. 



houses. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



281 



** Complaint having been made to this Vestry that 
great mischiefs daily arise from Shuffle Board tables, 
Skittle & bowling alleys in this parish, it is ordered that 
the churchwarden do give notice to all the Publick 
Houses in this parish that if they do not remove such 
Shuffle boards, skettle & bowUng alleys immediately, 
complaint shall be made thereof to the Justices in order 
to take away their Licences. 

** And after such notice so given to the said Public 
Houses, the Churchwarden is empowered on conviction 
of anyone so offending to give the informer One Guinea 
on such conviction of the person so offending." 

" At a Vestry held this day at y" Workhouse 

** It was taken into consideration y* great number of 
Alehouses in this parish, which we think greatly too 
numerous at present & which Alehouses by their number 
are forced for a maintenance to entertain & harbour 
all idle & strolling people, by which y" poor are 
encouraged in idleness & debauchery & our servants 
deluded from their business to y* great damage to 
our selves y* inhabitants in particular & y* publick in 
general & whereas it is now declared that two houses 
opposite each other on y* new Turnpike Road in this 
parish from Hackney to y" Forest are designed for 
alehouses. We therefore dreding y* consequences of 
Encreasing y* number in any shape & more especially in 
such .obscure & private places unanimously make it y® 
request of y^ whole parish to y* Justices at y® next time 
of licensing in September that they will reduce y® 
present number of alehouses as much as possible, & on 
no account to licence any new Alehouse in this parish not 



1754- 

Aug, sth. 

Mischiefs 

from 

shuffle board 

and 

skittles. 



1757- 

June i^th. 

Too many 

public 

houses. 



282 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1757. 

Oct. 24M. 

Parish wUl 

'' stand to 

their 
ordtrs'* 



Nov. 2Sth, 
Selling 

without a 
licence. 



1760. 

July 7th. 

Another 

case. 



now licenced & have desired a copy of this resolution to 
be delivered to y* Justices at their meeting in Sept' next 
by y* Churchwarden & some of y* principal inhabitants 
of this Parish, & that y* Justices of y* Peace be apprized 
of this design before y" licensing time." 

** Whereas at a former Vestry a Resolution was taken 
to desire y* Churchwardens & some of y* principal 
inhabitants to attend y* meeting for licencing Alehouses 
in Sept' last & to remonstrate against any new alehouses 
being licenced, & they having accordingly attended y* 
Justices meeting & notwithstanding a petition being 
presented for a Licence they prevented all new alehouses 
being erected therefore y* Parish have determined to 
stand to their former orders, & hereby direct the 
Constable to see whether any persons sell beer or 
spirituous liquors without licence, & that he lays 
information against any that offend." 

** At a Vestry held this day at y* Workhouse, the 
parish being informed that M' Bocock continued selling 
liquors notwithstanding his having no licence, they 
therefore order'd a remonstrance to y* Supervisor to be 
delivered by y* Constable in order to his being punished 
as y* Act directs & that the Constable also takes such 
measures for putting y* Act in execution as he sees best." 

** Information being given to this Vestry that y* late 
Assembly house is opened by a person that sells 
spirituous liq" without a licence the Bedell is order'd to 
acquaint him that he will be inform*d against, if he 
continue to sell liquors without a licence." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



283 



*' Information having been given to this Vestry by y* 
Beadle of this parish, in consequence of an order given 
y® last Vestry to him to make enquiry how y® master of 
y® Assembly House attempted to sell beer &c. without 
licence, that having applied to him, he shewed him a 
written unstamped license to allow him to sell beer till y*' 
next day of licencing, & by that means he had got a 
liberty, from y^ Excise officer to sell spirituous liquors, 
which allowance was signed by two Justices. Therefore 
y® parish in Vestry assembled taking y® same into 
consideration & observing y* benefit arising from y® 
diminution of Alehouses in this parish desire a Remon- 
strance may be delivered to y^ Justice at Ilford Saf" next 
to request that no new licence may be granted to that 
House, as thereby it will be erecting an Alehouse so to be 
kept for y** future.'' 

This year the following Public Houses were rated 
for the poor, at is. 6d. in the £ : — 

Assessment. 



Thomas Abbot 
Edward Richardson 
Thomas Clarke 
James Sidaway 
Mead Sanders 
William Baxter 
Thomas Sherman 
Joseph Fairfax 



The Blackbirds 
Rose & Crown 
Lyon & Key 
Plough & Harrow 
The Bell 
The Red Lyon 
The Crown 
The Greenman 



ID 

9 
7 

15 
II 
10 
32 



I 
o 
o 
o 

I 
o 
o 

2 



Rate. 
. 4. 

• 15 

. 13 
. 10 
. 2 

. 16 

• 15 
. 8 



'^AppHcation having been this day made to this 
Vestry for a certificate for the purpose of an assignment 
of the house to a new tenant of the Blackbirds Public 
House, for the remainder of the current year, M' Tanner 
having quitted the Parish by which application was 
refused. 



1760. 

Sept, i^th. 
Circum- 

vented by the 
'* Excise 
officer,*' 



1766. 
Public 
Houses, 



1817. 

Nov, yd. 

''The 

Blackbirds " 

mt required. 



284 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1826. 
Sept. ^h. 
''Plough and 
Harrow " 
certificate 
not signed. 



•* Resolved — That a letter be written to the Magistrates 
at Ilford Informing them that it is the wish of this Parish 
that the Blackbirds be suppressed as a public house, 
there being in their opinion a sufficient number of public 
houses in the village of Leyton without it." 

'* The Publicans attended {i.e. the Vestry Meeting) 
& their certificates were signed, except that of John 
Phillips, of the Plough & Harrow — The consideration of 
M" Hargrave's certificates was deferred." 




CHAPTER III. 



^ilitari? nDattere. 



Payment of Militiamen— A Militiaman's Wife — Ley ton's quota for His Majesty's 
Navy — '* The expence attending this transaction " — Men for the use of His Majesty's 
Navy and Army — Expenses for five men — Subscriptions to provide substitutes — A 
Volunteer Corps to be formed— Officers chosen — *' The Declaration and Engage- 
ment " — Number of Volunteers — Ofifer to the Government of too men — Commence 
without waiting for acceptance — Payment for Drill— Uniform— Supplied with 60 
useless stand of arms— First Year's Account — Drummers and Fifers — Resignation 
of Captain Millet — Lieut. Ellis resigns— A Storm— Volunteer Corps released— 

Testimonials. 




jHIS account of military matters connected 
with the parish has been gathered from the 
Vestry Minutes; and the Minutes of the 
Committee formed for the organisation and 
management of '* The Loyal Ley ton Volunteers." 

** Ordered that a rate of 3 pence in the pound be 
levied on the occupiers of lands, houses & tenements 
within this parish, according to the assessment lately 
made for the relief of the poor, to enable the Ch: 
Wardens & overseers of the poor to pay to the eight 
several persons, who have been or shall be ballotted 
to serve in the Militia for this parish the sum of 4 guineas 
each, being one half of the sum settled by the Deputy 



1779. 

May yd. 
Payment of 
militiamen. 



286 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1793- 

May 6th. 

A militia- 

nians wife. 



1795- 
Mar, ^oth. 

Leytoiis 

quota for His 

Majesty's 

Navy. 



Lieutenants and Justices, as the average price of a 
Volunteer within this divition, according to the Act of 
2** of George the ^^ cap. 20." 

** Ordered 2 . 18 . 6 to be paid to Mary Baker wife 
of Stephen a Substitute in the East Kent Militia now 
lying at Chemsford for 13 weeks arrears of the allowance 
due to her at 4/6 a week for herself & two children up to 
this day/' 

** At a Special Vestry holden this day by Notice given 
in the Church Agreeable to an Act for raising a Certain 
Number of Men in the Several Counties in'England for 
the Service of His Majesty's Navy past in the 35*** year 
of his Majesty's reign. 

*' Present the Church Wardens, Overseer and Several 
of the Inhabitants of Leyton. Also the Church Wardens 
of the Parish of Wansted. 

** When the following Men were Ingaged for the 
Quota to be furnished by the said Parishes in the follow- 
ing Terms, provided the Men are approved of by the 
proper officers. 

*' James Flanagen, Abel Seaman, aged 33 for 20 without 
the Bounty & he to find his own cloaths. 

'' John Cuningham Landsmen, Aged 23 for the Exclusive 
of what county he may be entitled to. 

** John Williams Landsman, turned of 16 yrs for 8 Gn* 
Also the Bounty and his cloaths. 

*' Joseph Bolden Landsman, 16 years for do. do. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



287 



** Resolved that the above Men be under the care and 
Direction of M' Collins the Constable for Leyton and 
that he be Directed to pay all necessary expences untill 
the men are approved of & Received on the part of 
Government." 

" M' Boman having delivered in his bill for cloathing 
the men, who were sent to serve on board the Fleet 
under the late Act of Parliament as follows 



For James Flannagen 
John Cuningham 
Joseph Bolden . . . 
John Williams . . 
Edw<* NichoUs .., 



13 
5 

18 , 
II 
19 



*' Agreed that the Parish have nothing to do with the 
bill for John Cuningham & that the following sums only 
be allowed. 



3 . 13 . I for James Flannagan 
2 . 9 . 6 for Joseph Bolden .. 
2 . 9 . I for John Williams . . 
2 . 15 . 3 for Edw<^ NichoUs .. 



- Total II . 6 . II 



'* The original charges appearing very exorbitant & 
articles having been furnished to the parties which they 
ought not to have had. 

** Mr. Collins delivered in his bill of expences in the 
same account amounting to 6 . 16 . 10. 

" M' Ives delivered in his account of money paid by 
him 2.2.0. 

*' Ordered that the above two sums be paid & that 
4 Guineas be also allowed to M' Collins for his own time 
and trouble in procuring the men. 



1795- 

June I St. 

'^TheexpeiKc 

attending 

this 

transaction, '' 



288 HISTORY OF LETTON. 

" The original payment to the men for bounty having 



been 



8. 


. 8. 


— 


>3 


. — . 


— 


lo . 


, 10 . 


— 


20 . 


— . 


— 


51 . 


18. 


Total. 



To John Williams 
Edw*" NichoUs 
John Noon 
Chr: Norman... 



'* The whole expence attending this transaction has 
been 76 . 7 . 9." 

1796. " At a special Vestry holden this day in pursuance 
Dec. i2th. q£ Notice given at the Church for the purpose of accord- 
the use of ^"S '^ ^^ ^^^ lately passed for raising a certain number 

His of men for the use of his Majesty's Navy & Army. 

Majcitys , ^ r 1 *• ' t t ' 

Navy and ^* Present the Overseers of the poor & divers mhabi- 

Army," tants of this Parish. 

** Also Overseer of the poor of the Parish of Wanstead 
Resolved — that M' Markly be authorised to engage five 
men allotted to be provided for the two united Parishes 
& that he be empowered to agree to give such sums of 
money as he shall find expedient to induce them to serve 
in the Navy." 

1797. «« M' Markly produced his account of expences incurred 
Feb. etk. -j^ procuring the 5 Men for the Navy for the two united 

incurred for P^irishes of Lay ton & Wansted amounting to 74 . 18 . 6 
the five And the Vestry having taken into Consideration the very 
^^*' great trouble which M' Markly has had in procuring 
these men (which have all been procured comparatively 
upon very low terms) Ordered that he be allowed One 
Guinea a man as a recompence for such trouble and do 
charge the same in his account. And that the whole be 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



289 



divided between the two parishes in the proportion as 
directed by act of Parliament. The whole will be 
80 . 3 . 6. 

" Resolved — That the Churchwardens be requested to 
open a book to receive subscriptions from the Inhabitants 
liable to be drawn to fill up vacancies in the Army of 
Reserve in the Old Militia & in the supplementary Militia 
for the providing a fund to indemnify such persons from 
all expences in procuring substitutes. 

** On the following Terms Half a guinea to be paid by 
each person who is not possessed of property to the 
amount of Five Hundred pounds One guinea by all 
other persons : — to be insured for one year from i^' Feb. 
1804 And that persons of all descriptions within this 
parish liable to be drawn be invited to subscribe & avail 
themselves of the present proposal which will not only 
relieve them from the charge & trouble of finding Substi- 
tutes for themselves but will render them contributors to 
prevent the great distress too often occasioned to the 
poorer Inhabitants when the ballott happens to fall on 
any of them. 

**At a numerouse meeting of the Inhabitants of 
Ley ton held in the Church the 17 of August, 1803. 

*' Thomas Lane, Chairman. 

*' The Chairman stated to the meeting what the 
Superintendent & Committee had done since the 
former assembly had met, — and then read to them an 
Address from Samuel Bosanquet Esq., from Durgiston 
Court in Monmouthshire, on the general subject now 
before them. 



1804. 

Feb, 6th. 

Subscrip- 
tions to 

provide 
substitutes. 



1803. 

Aug, lyth, 

A Volunteer 

Corps to be 

formed. 



V 



290 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

** Resolved unanimously that it is the Opinion 
of this Meeting that a Volunteer Corps be formed in this 
Parish, conformable to the Act of defence recently passed, 
in lieu of permitting that Act to be put in force, by calling 
out the Inhabitants according to their different Classes. 

** Resolved that the following 24 Gentlemen be ap- 
pointed a Committee for the purpose of raising and 
arranging a Volunteer Corps in this Parish, viz : 

** Samuel Bosanquet Esq. M' Richard James. 
Samuel Bosanquet Jun' Esq. James Byron Esq. 

William Bosanquet Esq. Charles Welstead Esq. 

Thomas Lane Esq William Davis Esq. 

Philip Samson Esq. George Millet Esq. 

Rev** Mr. Laprimaudaye. John Coope Esq. 

Rev^ Mr Whaley. M' William Turner. 

Rev** D' Gregory. Edward Gale Esq. 

James Innes Esq. M' James Hill. 

Samuel Lichigaray Esq. Thomas Bristow Esq. 

M' James Blundell. Richard Oliver Esq. 

Tho'* Flower Ellis Esq. Robert Livie Esq. 

** Resolved — that it be an open Committee, and any 5 
to act. 

*^ It was further resolved — That Samuel Bosanquet, 
Esq., be Treasurer, but that as he was away at Durgiston 
Court, M' Richard James be appointed deputy 
Treasurer. A house to house collection to be made to 
defray expenses, & the money expended under the 
direction of the Committee. It was also ordered that a 
printed notice be circulated thro' the Parish, signed by 
the Chairman, asking for Volunteers. The Committee 
were desired to hold their first meeting the following 
Friday evening at 6 o'clock at the Workhouse." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



291 



Thus the first step was taken for forming the Corps 
of " The Loyal Leyton Volunteers." 

Many meetings were held, and the result was as 
follows. James Byron, Esq., was asked to take the 
Command of the Corps, but he ** declined to take any 
part whatever in the Volunteer Corps now forming in this 
Parish.'' 

The following were finally chosen as Officers, and in 
due time received their commissions : — 

** George Millet Esq. Commander. 
William Davis Esq. i" Lieutenant 
Thomas Powler Ellis Esq. 2""^ Lieutenant 
Charles Welstead Esq. Ensign. 

Every person in the former Corps of Volunteers 
willing to join this were to be considered members ; but 
all others were to be elected by the Committee. 

The following is the Declaration which each member 
of the Corps signed. 

** Declaration and Engagement of the Loyal Leyton 
Volunteers. 

** Our King and Country our Civil and Religious 
liberties, and all that is dear to us as Men being 
threatened by a cruel and ambitious Enemy, we feel our- 
selves called upon Voluntarily to stand forward with our 
fellow Countrymen in Arms in their defence. 

*' Confident that under the Blessing of divine provi- 
dence our united Efforts will enable us successfully to 
repell every assault of our inveterate foe We whose 
names are here under written do resolve to form ourselves 
into a Corps to be distinguished by the tittle of the Loyal 



Officers 
chosen. 



The 

'* declaration 

and engage- 

mentr 



292 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Number of 
Volunteers. 

Offer to the 
Government 
of loo men. 



Commence 

without 

waiting for 

acceptance. 



Leyton Volunteers and do make an offer of our services 
to Government as follows, viz. 

**To be trained & exercised and to March to any 
part of Great Britain for the defence thereof in case of 
actual Invasion or the appearance of an enemy in force 
upon the Coast & for the suppression of any Rebellion or 
Insurrection within Great Britain arising or existing at 
the time of any such Invasion. 

** And we do each of us upon his honor as a Soldier 
promise to obey our Officers — ^to observe all the rules and 
Regulations of the Corps — and to give one Month's notice 
to the Commanding Officer of the Corps of our Intention 
to ask permission to resign." 

To this declaration 135 names are affixed between 
August 25th, 1803, and October 27th, 1804. 

** It was resolved That Samuel Bosanquet, Jun' Esq. 
(the Superintendent of this Parish) be requested to make 
an offer to the Government of the Loyal Leyton 
Volunteer Corps to consist of 100 men, to be trained & 
exercised and to march to any part of Great Britain for 
the defence thereof in case of actual invasion Or the 
appearance of an Enemy in force upon the Coast, and 
for the Suppression of any rebellion, or Insurrection 
within Great Britain arising or existing at the time of 
any such Invasion agreeably to the 53 C & 54'*" Sections 
of the Act of the 43'^ of the present King, Chapter 96." 

The Officers were requested to drill and exercise the 
Corps with all convenient dispatch, without waiting for 
the communication of the acceptance of their services 
by Government. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



293 



The members of the Corps to the number of 100 
were to be ^* immediately supplied each with a Flannel 
Jacket, overalls & Caps for the purpose of attending 
the Drills." 

The Captain was empowered to allow every labour- 
ing man who was a member of the Corps, i/- for every 
drill attended prior to November ist. 

*'The uniform approved by the Committee was a 
Jacket White Breeches & long black gaiters. The 
cost 53/. In addition a Great Coat, Knapsack & shoes 
so as to be ready if called upon in the Winter.'' 

By September 26th, 1803, *' 60 stand of arms " had 
been received from the Ordnance Office, but they were 
** so heavy and in many respects so objectionable that the 
Officers were of opinion the Corps could not possibly 
make use of them with effect." As it was deemed im- 
portant that arms should be possessed at once, Captain 
Millet was instructed to procure them at the expense 
of the Corps on the best terms possible. The Govern- 
ment were afterwards to be applied to to reimburse the 
amount expended. Perhaps Captain Millet understood 
Governments better than the Committee, for he returned 
the arms and then borrowed others from the East 
India Company. The end of the incident we have in 
an item in the first year's balance sheet, on the side of 
income : — 

" A further sum is expected to be received (from the 
Government) instead of Arms and Accoutrements 
157 • 10 . o," 



Payment for 
drill. 



Uniform. 



Supplied 

with 60 

useless stand 

of arms. 



Let us hope it proved a good asset. 



294 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



The first 

years 

account. 



The statement of their first year's account will perhaps 
be interesting to some. 

Receipts. 

Amount of Subscriptions 741 . 15 . o 

Received fr Government for Clothing ... 100. 0.0 
A further sum is expected instead of Aims 
and Accoutrements 157 . 10 . o 



999 • 5-0 



Expenditure, 

Cloathing Training & Equipment 1047 .3.5 

Further sum wanted to complete the full 
appointment 72.0.0 



III9-3 -5 



** Drummers 
(5. Fifersr 



Resignation 
of Capt, 
Millet. 



Lieut. Ellis 
resigns. 



To discharge the balance, & defray the expenses of 
** Drummers & Fifers '* further subscriptions were called 
for, and eleven parishioners at once gave £i^Z 155. orf. 
There were now 100 men ** trained cloathed, & in a state 
of Discipline" with which result the Committee were well 
pleased. 

In March, 1806, Capt Millet, in consequence of ** the 
situation in which he was placed," resigned; and there- 
upon Lieut. Davis assumed the Command, and Lieut. Ellis 
became ist Lieut, and two other gentlemen of the parish, 
Mr. Jesse Gregson and Mr. W. Cotton, became 
respectively 2nd and 3rd Lieutenants. 

In 1809 Lieut. Ellis resigned in consequence of severe 
indisposition ; Mr. W. Cotton the 2nd Lieut, was pro- 
moted to be ist. Lieut, and Mr. Wm. Sharpe Handasyde 
joined the Corps as 2nd Lieut. No further change of officers 
seems to have been made, but in April, 1812, the two 
Lieutenants, in consequence of the inconvenience of 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 295 

'* living SO great a distance from this Parish '' resigned; ^ ^^orm, 
and because they resigned the Captain did so too ; his 
resignation however was not accepted, and the Committee 
endeavoured to get two Lieutenants from among the 
gentlemen of the parish, but in vain. It was therefore 
decided to disband the Corps ; present Capt. Davis with 
a piece of plate value ;^ioo; and give a dinner to the 
privates ** at an Expence not exceeding ;^2 5.'* But this 
was not to be; the Lieutenantswithdrew their resignations, 
and so did Capt. Davis, and the Committee did not confirm 
the minutes of their preceding meeting. The life of the 
"Loyal Leyton Volunteers" was however drawing to its 
close, for in March, 1813, the Committee met to take into 
consideration the following three letters : — 

"Chelmsford, 22 March 1813 1813. 

" Sir, Volunteer 

" I have the Honor to transmit by direction of the ^^P^ 

Lord Lieutenant a Copy of his Lordship's Letter to me 

communicating the accompanying Circular Letter to him 

from Lord Sidmouth, one of his Majesty's Principal 

Secretaries of State. 

" I am Sir, 

" Your most obedient humble Servant, 

"G. G. Parker, 

"To "C. G. M. 

"Captain Davis 

&C i&C i&C." 

" Audley End 19^ March 1813. 
"Dear Sir, . 

" I lose not a moment in inclosing a Circular 
Letter from Lord Sidmouth, in which he has it in com- 
mand from the Pnnce Regent, to notify to me, his Royal 
Pleasure, that the Volunteer Corps of Infantry in the 



2g6 HISTORY Of leytok. 

County of Essex, should be released after the 24^ instant 
from their military Engagements. 

** It is my request, that you will forthwith transmit 
the Secretary of State's Letter, to the Commanding 
Officers of the several Volunteer Corps of Infantry, in 
the County of Essex, and at the same time signify to 
them, and through them, to all the Commissioned, non- 
commissioned Officers, & Privates of those Corps, the 
particular satisfaction which I feel, in adding upon this 
occasion my humble testimony to their Zealous and 
meritorious exertions, throughout the continuance of their 
services in the cause, & service of their country. 

** I am Dear Sir 
*' To "Your faithful Servant 

'' G. G. Parker Esq. '' Braybrooke." 

** Circular. 

•* Whitehall i/*^ March 1813. 

'' My Lord, 

** I have it in command from the Prince Regent to 

acquaint your Lordship, that as the Establishment of the 

Local Militia, precludes the Necessity of continuing under 

present Circumstances the Services of the greater part of 

the Volunteer Infantry of Great Britain, & consequently 

the propriety of subjecting the Country to the Expence 

of further maintaining the whole of this Force. His 

Royal Highness deems it expedient that the Volunteer 

Infantry of the County of Essex, should after the 24 

instant be released from their Military Engagements. 

** It is with the utmost satisfaction that I discharge 
the additional Duty which the commands of the Prince 
Regent have imposed upon me on this Occasion, of re- 
questing that your Lordship will convey to the Command- 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 297 

ing Officers of the several Volunteer Corps of Infantry in 
the County of Essex, and through them to all the Com- 
missioned, and Non-commissioned Officers and Privates 
of those Corps, the Assurance of the high Sense enter- 
tained by his Royal Highness of the Loyalty and 
Patriotism which they have so zealously, & constantly 
manifested in the Cause & Service of their Country, 
& by which they have established a just Claim to its 
lasting Remembrance and Gratitude. 

" I have the Honour to be 
** Your Lordships most Obedient, humble Servant, 

'' Sidmouth. 

** His Majesty's Lieutenant of the 
County of Essex." 

After this, there was much of committee meeting, Testimonials, 
passing of resolutions, and so forth. It is not difficult to 
imagine the sententious talk, and wise head-shaking that 
went on in the tap-rooms of the " Green Man," and 
** The Blackbirds " ; and how one and all agreed 
that when that arch-fiend *' Old Boney " heard of the for- 
mation of the " Loyal Leyton Corps" he abandoned for 
ever all idea of invading England. The practical end of 
it all was this, that Capt. Davis received a silver tea urn 
and coffee pot, valued at ;^ioo, and the two Lieutenants, 
Cotton and Handasyde, each a silver salver, worth £2^^ all 
duly inscribed, presented, and acknowledged. It was also 
ordered that £^0 be given to Sergeant Gee ; ten guineas 
each to Sergeants Dawsett, Plumb, Pennyfeather and 
Powell; and £^ 55. to Mr. Evans for entering the 
minutes of the Committee. A dinner was given to the 
non-commissioned officers and privates, *• the Expence 
being left to the discretion of Captain Davis." 



298 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



A balance of {j^ 85. id. was left in hand, which was 
ordered to be given to the fund for the relief of Mrs. 
Keighley, widow of the previous Vicar. 

Thus ends the story of our forefather's response to 
the call of duty, and how they answered it. 





CHAPTER IV. 



(Tommon Xanb. 

Stake out your ground— Enclosing Land— A Warning— Proceeding to action— 

Stayed — Disposal of the price— Another case — A bark— But no bite— Enclosed for 

the security of passengers— Enclosed for the advantage of the parish— Consideration 

for the Poor, and enclosure of Land— Monies paid for enclosure of Land. 




HE question of enclosing Common Land and 
extinguishing Commonable rights, was always 
more or less a vexed one. Sometimes the 
parishioners were energetic, and asserted and 
maintained their rights ; sometimes they were apathetic, 
and lost them. The following are some out of many 
instances illustrating this : — 

*^ M' Fowell having applied to this Vestry for leave 
to enclose a piece of ground, he is desired to stake out 
the said piece of ground for the inspection of any of the 
inhabitants of this Parish sometime before next Vestry 
that they may be enabled to give their assent to or dissent 
from the said request.'' 

** At a Vestr}^ held this day at the Workhouse the 
minutes of the former vestry were read & confirmed. 
The question was put whether the jgentlemen present 



1766. 

May ^th, 

'Stakeout'' 

your 

ground. 



Sept, 2gth. 

Enclosing 

land. 



300 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



A warning. 



would consent that M' Fowell should enclose a piece of 
ground containing 50 yards from the end of his present 
garden & 15 yards in front of his house, the numbers 
were for the affirmative six & for the negative nine. This 
vestry has directed an application to be made by the 
Constable to the Lords of their Manors within this parish 
at their next Court Baron, desiring that hereafter they 
will be so kind, not to make any future grants of the 
herbage or waste of this parish, as the poor are already 
greatly detierorated by such grants." 

" It appearing to this Vestry that notwithstanding the 
resolution of the Vestry held June g*** 1766 M' Fowell 
has made some progress towards enclosing part of the 
waste by building a wall thereon, It is ordered that Davy 
the parish beadle do wait upon M' Fowell & acquaint him, 
that unless he immediately pull down the wall by him now 
building, the Vestry will proceed on Monday next to 
remove the encroachment. Ordered a Vestry be called 
for next Monday ten o'clock." 



1766. *' Notice having been taken that M' Fowel has now 

^^'.^V enclosed y" piece of ground on y* Forest contrary to y*' 

to action. opinion of y® former Vestrys it is determined to proceed 
to remove y" same 

Stayed. " Adjoumed y* other business to Monday y*' 8 " 

** M' Fowell having since y* above apear'd at this 
Vestry and sollicited the parish to permit his wall to stand 
& offering to make a compensation for it for y® benefit of 
y*" Poor of y" said parish. It is agreed to accept of one 
hundred pound, which sum he has given for the purpose 
aforesaid, & a Vestry is order'd to be called in y* church 
for Monday next for y*' disposing of y"" same. And it is 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



301 



hereby resolved that no future allowances of enclosing be 
granted." 



*' P Bertie 
Thomas Oliver 
Wm. Camden 
Tho. Fowell 
Geo. Stone 



Rich. Bristow 
John Scandrett 
Robert James 
Anthony Buttrell 
Geo. Turner 
Adam Stace" 



"The Minutes 
confirmed. 



of y*" former vestry were read & 



** It is the opinion of this vestry that y* hundred 
pound now in hand rec** from M' Fowel at y® last Vestry 
be laid out in y® four p' Cent p' Ann. & y* premium be 
paid out of y* Poors Rate, and that y® interest thereof be 
annually distributed y* first Monday in Dec' to such per- 
sons as y* Vestry thinks proper, & that y" favour is 
requested of M' Bristow to purchase y* same in his name 
for y* purpose aforesaid." 

** The Vestry being informed that M' Quarrel of y® 
parish of Wansted, having enclosed a piece of y® forest 
within this parish, it is directed that y® beadle do go & 
acquaint him that if he does not immediately, or within 
one week remove his pales, & level his ditches, the same 
be removed by y" proper persons having common right on 
y* said forest." 

*' Ordered that notice be given to M' Pardoe that he 
removes y* inclosure lately made by him on Helmstall 
Green from y® Common of this Parish, before this day 
month, otherwise this Vestry will proceed to do y*" same 
on behalf of themselves & others y® parishioners," 



1766. 

Dec. Stk. 

Disposal of 

the price. 



1767. 

Oct. 5/A. 

Another case. 



1768. 
A ugust. 
A hark. 



302 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1768. *« M' Pardoe having applied to this Vestry for a piece 

Sept. sth. q£ ground on the south side of Helmstall's Green, the 

Bui no hite, ^ ' 

persons then present did unanimously agree not to obstruct 
the same, being of little value, & rather a nusance," 



1804. 

Jidy gth. 

Enclosed for 

the** security 

of 
passengers/* 



1816. 
Enclosed for 

the 

'* Advantage 

of the 

Parish." 



** Joseph Cotton Esq"" made application to this Vestrj- & 
requested that the Gentlemen present and other Inhabi- 
tants of this Parish would grant their consent to his en- 
closing a small piece of Waste Land about 14 Rods in 
length & 5 rods in breadth lying on the South side of 
the Lane leading from the village of Leytonstone to 
Ruckholt & to his building a Cottage thereon in which he 
proposes to place one of his workmen which will add to 
the security of passengers in this Lane & also be a pro- 
tection to the premises in which he inhabits. Resolved — 
That this Vestry do unanimously consent to M' Cotton's 
request, as the proposed inclosure will not in their opinion 
be of any detriment to the Neighbourhood & they do give 
their consent accordingly — but on condition that whenever 
M' Cotton or his family quit the house he now holds of 
M' Parry, this piece of ground shall be sold to the owner 
of the said House, in case he be willing to pay for it." 

<* ^r William Cotton applied to the Vestry for their 
approbation on the part of this Parish for his inclosing 
the ground on the Forest at Leytonstone, adjoining the 
back of his shrubbery, & he produced a plan showing 
how he proposed to do the work, which being inspected 
& the Vestry conceiving that what was desired by M' 
Cotton would be a general advantage to the Parish by 
removing what is at present a great nuisance, expressed 
their assent to the measure as far as they may be 
concerned therein.'' 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



303 



*' It having been reported that Mr. Morrison was making 
an enclosure in the Forest, and several of the inhabitants 
of the parish objecting to it, it was resolved that a letter 
should be written to him requesting him to relinquish his 
proceeding." 

August 2"^ 1831, **A letter from M' Morrison, 
enclosing twenty pounds for the Trustees for providing 
bread for the poor, usually distributed after Divine 
Service, was read, viz. : — ' Mr. Morrison has much 
pleasure in presenting the enclosed sum of Twenty 
Pounds to the Trustees in aid of the fund for providing 
bread for the Poor of the Parish of Ley ton, and he will 
feel greatly obliged to M' James to present it to them for 
that purpose.' " 

Whereupon the following answer was directed to be 
sent to Mr. Morrison : — 

** Resolved that M' Morrison be informed that * the 
Vestry are obliged by his consideration of the fund for 
supplying Bread to the Poor but as they suppose it has 
reference to the enclosure of a part of the Forest, the 
questions relating to which they are informed are still un- 
determined, they do not wish by accepting his donation 
to appear to express any opinion on the subject in its 
present state.' " 

The following is a list (not a complete one) of amounts 
paid by various -persons to the parish for enclosing lands, 
or for extinction of common rights over land : — 

1805. Dec. 2. Mr. J. P. Anderson *20 .0.0 

"For about a rood opposite 
Forest Lodge situate at Whips 
Cross." 



1830. 
May yd. 
Considera- 
tion for the 
poor and 
enclosure of 

land. 



Amounts 
paid for en- 
closing land. 



* Added to the Reduced Stock for the benefit of the poor of the parish. 



304 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1806. Feb. 3. Mr. J, Coope \ *2i . o . o 

Mr. Philip Sansomej *2o .0.0 

** For enclosures they have re- 
spectively made of the waste 
land from the Forest." 

May 5. Mr. H. Sterry *io . o . o 

** For land he had enclosed." 

1807. Jan. 5. Mr. Doxatt *5 . o . o 

** For enclosure of a piece of 
land near his house." 

Mar. 2. Mr. Horner *2 . o . o 

** For waste ground near his 
house." 
Nov. 5. Mr. Faith ) 

Mr. Oswald } *30 • o . o 

" On behalf of themselves and 
others inhabitants of Assembly 
Row on account of enclosures 
in front of their houses." 

Mr. Jos. Cotton *io . o . o 

** For land enclosed in Grove 
Green Lane." 

Mr. Thos. Bristoe *io .0.0 

'* For waste land enclosed in 
front of his house." 
1808 Feb. I. Mr. Gall 



1 



., _, r ""lO .0.0 

Mr. Boott 

" For ground before their 
houses in Assembly Row." 

1825. July 4. The Dyers* Company *5 . o . o 

" For land enclosed in Grove 
Green Lane." 
1 84 1. A pi. I. The Northern & Eastern Ry. Co. 1425 .0.0 
** For extinction of Common- 
able rights in Ley ton Marsh." 

* ** Added to the Reduced Stock for the benefit of the poor of the parish, 
t " Applied towards defraying the share of the expense of building the West 
Ham Union Workhouse which shall fall upon the Parish of Ley ton." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 305 

1854. Mar. 23. The East London Waterworks 

Company *449 .19-0 

** For extinction of the Com- 
mon rights over 15 a. 2 r. 12 p. of 
Marsh Land.** 

1868. Oct. 22. The East London Waterworks 

Company 1260 . 0.0 

1883. Oct. 4. Money received from the Great 
Eastern Ry. Co., and the East 
London Waterworks Co., as 
compensation for " extinction of 
Commonable rights*' was or- 
dered to be laid out in acquisition 
of a piece of land for a ** Recrea- 
tion Ground'* called ** Emerley's 
Field" 




* " Invested in Consolidated Bank Annuities and the interest applied to the 
National Schools of Ley ton." 



CHAPTER V. 



Zbe t)fdb Street Cottages. 

Land gpranted to John Willett, 1685— Let to Henry Jackson, 1716 — Leased to 
Thomas Ballard, 1758 — Six tenants, 1819— Rents placed at disposal of Vicar and 
Churchwardens — Vicar and Senior Churchwarden declined to accept — Tenants 
admitted for a fine of /80— Leased for 21 years — Insured for ;f 700— Poor Law 
Guardians allowed to let — Lessee required to repair the premises— ;f42 per annum 
offered on a 21 years' lease — Possession given — What is the best way of dealing 
with the property ? — To be piit in efficient state of repair — Mr. Hood's tender 
accepted— Referred to a Committee— Committee's report — To be enfranchised — 
Has been enfranchised— Still under consideration. 



1685. 
July 17th. 

Land 

granted to 

John 

Willett, 

labourer. 



1716. 

Dec, itth. 

Let to 

Henry 

Jackson for 

41 years. 




HE history of these cottages is briefly as 
follows : — ** On the 17th July 1685, a Lease 
was granted, by the then Lord & Lady of 
the Manor (with the consent of the Tenants 
of the Manor) to John Willett, Labourer, of a piece of 
waste land, containing 16 perches, with an ancient 
Cottage thereon. To hold from Lady Day then last 
past for 99 years, under the yearly rent of 1/6 if 
demanded.'' When or by what means this land first 
came into the hands of the parish is not known. The 
following entries, however, establish the fact that it 
did:— 

The Vestry by minute ordered the Churchwardens 
to let on Lease to Henry Jackson '* the Cottage lately 
in possession of Sarah Willett, Widow, for 41 years, 
from Christmas next, at the rent of 30/- per 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



307 



annum, which said rent shall be applied by the Church- 
wardens for the time being, for the use of the poor of 
this parish." 

In pursuance of an order of Vestry made January 
1 6th preceding, the Churchwardens granted to Thomas 
Ballard a lease of the same premises, under the 
description of ** All those houses or Tenements with their 
Gardens and Appurtenances." To hold from Lady Day 
next for 61 years, under the yearly rent of i . 10 . o, 
and immediately after the Reddendum, are inserted the 
words, ** And also he the said Thomas Ballard, before 
the sealing and signing of these presents having paid 
into the hand of the said Churchwardens, the sum of 
^"30 as Fines which said sum of ^^30, as also the yearly 
rent of i . 10 . o shall be for the use of the poor of the 
parish of Low Ley ton aforesaid." 



■ 175S. 

March 24/A. 

Lease 

granted to 

Thomas 

Ballard for 
61 years. 



When this lease expired on Lady Day, 1819, the 1819. 
cottages were in the occupation of the following persons ^Z^l^n^^^^ 
as yearly tenants : — 



Six tenants* 



Ives ... Rent per annum payable quarterly 8 . 8.0 

Johnson ... „ 8.8.0 

Webb ... „ 9 . 18 . o 

Loyd ... „ 9 . 18 . o 

Collins ... ,, 9 . 18 . o 

Banes ... ,, 20 • o . o 



66 . 10 . o 



During the continuance of Ballard's lease the 
Churchwardens received the rent of 30s. per year, and 
after paying the quit rent and the acquittance, put the 
remainder into the Bread Fund. 



3o8 



HISTORY OF LEYTON, 



1820. 
March 6th, 
Rents placed 
at disposal of 
Vicar and 
Church- 
wardens, 



Nov, 2y th. 
Vicar and 
Senior 
Church- 
warden 
decline to 
accept it. 



At the Vestry Meeting, March 6th, 1820, the 
following resolution was passed : — 

" That the net surplus of the rents of the 6 cottages 
be for the present placed at the disposal of the Vicar & 
Churchwardens, with a recommendation that it be 
disposed of among industrious & deserving persons who 
have not been chargeable to the Parish & that they 
be requested to report the appropriation thereof to this 
Vestry half-yearly.'' 

The following minute of the Vestry held November 
27th, 1820, shows how this property passed out of the 
hands of the Vicar and Churchwardens : — 

** The Master of the Workhouse reported that, in 
obedience to the order of the Select Vestry of the 25*** 
October 18 19 he had deposited with the overseers the 
sum of 38 . 10 . loi, the net balance of the amount of 
the Three Quarters Rent of the * Six Cottages ' due at 
Christmas 1819; He fuither informed the Meeting, that 
he had also received the two Quarters Rents due at 
Lady-day & Midsummer last, amounting to 30 . 13 . o ; 
& that, in pursuance of the two orders of this Vestry, 
dated the 6**" March & 5'*" of June last, he had waited on 
the Vicar, & on the Senior Churchwarden with the last 
mentioned Monies, but that they each decHned to accept 
the same, for the purpose specified in those Orders. 
The Minutes of this Vestry of the 4'*" of October 181 9, 
& those of the Select Vestry of the 11*^ & 25**" of the 
same month, & 17**^ January last ; as also the Minutes of 
this Vestry of the 7'^ of Feb^^ (^^^ of March, & 5'*^ of June 
last, were then read & considered. 

" Resolved — That the Minutes of this Vestry, of the 
f^ February, 6*** March & 5^^ of June last, touching the 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



309 



appropriation of the Rents of the Six Cottages for one 
Year, be, & the same are hereby rescinded. 

*' Resolved — That the net Rents of the * Six Cottages' 
be now, & in future, paid over to the Overseers of this 
Parish, for the general purposes of relieving the Poor." 

In 1834 it was discovered that since September 15th, 
1725, no one had been admitted as tenants on behalf of 
the parish by the Lord of the Manor. On June 24th of 
that year a Committee was appointed to enquire into the 
matter. On July ist they report to the Vestry : — 

'* That the committee attended the Manorial Court 
respecting the taking up of the six cottages when after 
much discussion M'' Pardoe, the Lord of the Manor of 
Leyton proposed to accept the sum of ;^8o as a fine for 
taking up the said cottages. 

" Resolved unanimously — That the sum ot ;^8o be 
paid as proposed and that the admission be obtained as 
early as possible." 

The gentlemen proposed to the Lord of the Manor 
as Trustees for the parish were : — 

Wiliam Charles Cotton. 

Charles Charrington, now residing in the parish. 

** The Vestry Clerk reported that he had informed 
Mr. Thomas Johnson of the resolution passed at a 
Vestry held on the loth ultimo : — That Mr. Johnson 
had accepted the offer made to him by the Vestry, and 
had agreed to take a Lease of the seven parish cottages 
now in his occupation at a rent of Forty Pounds per 
Annum for 21 years from the 25th instant. 



1834- 

Tenafits ad- 
mitted for a 
fine of £%o. 



1842. 

March 2\th. 

Leased joy 

21 years. 



3IO 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Insured for 
£700. 



1842. 
April i\th. 
Poor Law 
Guardians 
allowed to 
let. 



1862. 
Oct. loth. 
Lessee re- 
quired to 
repair the 
premises. 



'* It appearing to this Vestry that the said seven 
cottages are now insured for a sum of ;^6oo : — 

'* Resolved — That the Vestry Clerk be directed to 
insure the said premises in the Phoenix Fire Office for 
^^700, viz., ;^ioo on each cottage." 

'* It was resolved unanimously, by the ratepayers and 
owners present in person : — 

**That this meeting do consent to the Guardians of 
the Poor of West Ham Union letting the Premises 
described in the margin hereof, under the provisions of 
an Act passed in the Sixth Year of the Reign of His late 
Majesty King William IV, intituled ' An Act to facilitate 
the conveyance of Workhouses and other property of 
Parishes and of Incorporations or Unions of Parishes in 
England and Wales ' in such manner, and subject to such 
rules, orders and regulations, touching the letting of such 
property, and the application of the rents arising 
therefrom, as the Poor Law Commissioners shall in that 
behalf direct." 

*' The Vestry Clerk informed the Vestry that the 
Lease of Seven Cottages in Leyton Street, granted by 
the Board of Guardians of the West Ham Union and 
the Churchwardens and Overseers of this Parish to 
Mr. Thomas Johnson, and subsequently assigned to 
Mr. William Cheasley, would expire at Lady Day next ; 
thereupon It is moved, seconded, and resolved, 
that the Vestry Clerk prepare a notice requiring the 
Lessee to repair the Premises in accordance with 
the covenant contained in the Lease to be signed by 
the Churchwardens and Overseers, and served on the 
Premises." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



3" 



" The Vestry Clerk informed the Vestry that he had 
in pursuance of the Resolution of the last Vestry, caused 
advertisements to be inserted in the Morning Advertiser^ 
the Stratford Times, and the Stratford Express^ and had 
also had Bills circulated in the Parish and neighbourhood 
that the Copyhold Cottages belonging to the Parish were 
to be let on Lease for a term of 21 years by Tender 
addressed to the Churchwardens and that five Tenders 
had been received which are now opened and read viz : — 



James Tubby, i , Edith Rd 


offering ^33 


per annum. 


George Keates, Leyton 


offering 31 los 


. per annum. 


John Reynolds, Leyton 


offering 32 


per annum. 


Charles Cripps, Westmoreland Place, 






City Rd. 


offering 42 


per annum, 


W. F. Mills, Offord Rd, Barnsbury ... 


offering 42 


per annum. 



" It is moved by Mr. Churchwarden Aldom seconded 
by Mr. Byas and Resolved that the offer made by 
Mr. Cripps be accepted subject to enquiries to be made 
by the Vestry Clerk of the parties to whom he had 
referred proving satisfactory." 

" The Vestry Clerk reported that the Agreement for 
a Lease of the Parish Cottages had been signed by 
Mr. Cripps and possession of the Cottages given to him." 

** It was moved by Mr. Gallaher seconded by Dr. 
Aldom and Resolved — That no Tenders or proposals for 
renting the above Cottages be entertained by the meeting 
and that the following Gentlemen namely Messrs. J. H. 
Edwards, Gallaher, G. Chew, E. Clarke and George with 
the Churchwardens and Overseers be chosen as a 
Committee to enquire and report to the Vestry on the 
most advantageous mode of dealing with the property." 



1863. 

August yth. 

£^2 per 

annum 

offered on a 

2 1 years* 

lease. 



1863. 

October 2nd, 

Possession 

given. 



1865. 

Aug. nth. 

What is the 

best way of 

dealing with 

the 
property ? 



312 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1865. 

Sept. 1 5/ A. 

£^0 to he 

spent to put 

into efficient 

state of 

repair. 



Dec. isth. 

Mr. Hood's 

tcfider 

accepted. 



1888. 

Nov. 1st. 

Referred to 

a Committee* 

Dec. 1st. 

Committee's 

Report. 



The following report was then read to the meeting: — 

** The Committee having viewed the Cottages in 
High Street are of opinion that for the sum of £^0 the 
same could be put into an efficient state of repair — ^And 
would recommend that advertisements be inserted in the 
Local, and twice in two of the London papers, inviting 
Tenders for taking on Lease the said Cottages for a 
term of 21 years — The ^"50 to be expended within 12 
months from signing Agreement in a manner satisfactory 
to the Churchwardens or their Surveyor. Tenders to be 
addressed to the Vestry Clerk at the Vestry Room to be 
opened at the next Vestry." 

'* The minutes of a meeting of the Committee 
appointed to let the Parish Cottages in High Street held 
on the 20th November last having been read to the 
Vestry. It was moved by Mr. Penn and seconded by 
Mr. Harrison that Mr. Hood's Tender be accepted which 
was carried unanimously. 

''John Pardoe, Vicars 

*' The High Street Cottages. 1 he subject of dealing 
with this Copyhold property was discussed, and referred 
to a Committee." 

The Committee's report : — 

''I. There is a balance in hand on account ot this 
property of ;^iio 85. 8^/. 

''2. In accordance with a Minute of Meeting December 
3rd, 1880, Messrs. Tarrant & Gray had been 
admitted on the Court Rolls 23rd of May, 1882. 

'' 3. That the property should be forthwith enfranchised. 

"4. That the future income be applied towards 
maintaining and keeping up the Ley ton Recrea- 
tion Ground, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



313 



*' Ordered — That the Property be enfranchised. 
The Old Materials on the property be sold." 

The Committee reported : — 

1. That the property has been enfranchised. 

2. That the expenses amount to £isg 2s. lod. 

3. That the sum of £114 js. ^d, lately standing on 

deposit in the London and County Bank, Stratford, 

has been applied, leaving a balance of ;^44 15s. td. 
**4. That building materials have been sold for 

£2g 15s. 6i. thus reducing the balance to 

£1^ OS. od. 
^'5. That tenders for Building Leases for 99 years 

be invited.*' 

** The question of dealing with this Property was 
again referred to a Committee consisting of the Church- 
wardens and Overseers, with Messrs. John Gray and 
H. L. Tarrant, the Trustees of the Property." 



To be 
enfranchised. 

1889. 
March 2gth. 

Has been 
enfranchised. 



1890. 

June 6th. 

Still under 

consideration 




;#-(-;^^#f•'^*^j 



CHAPTER VI. 



Q{t> private t)oude0. 



Divers fair & magnificent houses*' — The Manor Houses; First, Second, 
Third — The Grange — Ruckholt House— Mark House— Hibbert House— The 
Vicarage— Benefactions of materials— Charges and disbursements — The Great 
House— Forest House— Walnut Tree House— Leyton House— Lea Hall— Barclay's 
House — House in Barclay's Grounds — Baddeley's House — Masterman's House — 
Suffolk House — Etloe House— Copeland's Corner — Phillibrook House— Berthon 
House— The Leasowes— St. Heliers— The White House— The Poplars— Grove 
House— Moyer House— Holly Cottage — Whips Cross — Sunny Side — Godsalves* 

Mansion. 



* ^Divers fair 

S- 

magnificent 

houses.** 



The Manor 
Houses. 



First House, 




O use the language of John Strype, ** both 
parts of this Parish (i.e. Leyton and Leyton- 
stone) are furnished with divers fair, & 
some of them magnificent houses, inhabited 
by divers wealthy citizens, and other gentlemen.'* 

The following descriptions of these ** divers fair and 
magnificent houses" have been gathered from many 
sources. I regret that some of them are not more 
complete. 

There seems to have been three Manor Houses, 
neither of which has been fortunate enough to survive to 
present times. 

Of the first, all that is known of it is that it was 
alienated from the Manor, and sold by Edward Ryder, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 3I5 

the then lord, to Anthony Holmead in 1610. What 
became of it, or where it stood I cannot trace. 

The second, which when the first was sold away from Second 
the Manor, seems to have taken its place, shared also House. 
its fate by being in its turn separated from the Manor, 
as the following extract from Stow (edition 1720 by 
John Strype) shews : — '* The Manor House of Leyton, 
having a fine prospect over the Marshes & River towards 
Hackney, which was separated from the Manor, & 
together with a paddock & some land, sold by David 
Gansell to the late Sir John Strange Kt who improved 
this seat with additional buildings & handsome gardens. 
His son John Strange Esq, has within the last few days 
parted with his interest therein to M' Bladen." 

This house is afterwards known as " The 
Grange," for further history of which see under that 
head. 

Mr. John Pardoe bought the Manor as we have ^^♦''^ 
already seen in 1783 ; he also bought probably about the ^^^^ 
same time a house in Capworth Street, that had been 
built in 1734. This he made the Manor House; and 
his family lived here, for several generations. It was a fine 
old red-brick house, square in front, with bow windows at 
the back, situated in grounds well wooded, and extending 
backwards to the Lea Bridge Hoad. 

From 1799 to 1832 this house was vacated by the 
Pardoe family, and let to a Mr. Ellis. Mr. John Pardoe 
returned to Leyton in 1832, and lived in it till his death 
in 1870, The next lord of the Manor, was his son, the 
Rev. John Pardoe, then Vicar of Leyton and Rural 
Dean of Barking. He died in 1879. In 1884 the house 
was accidently burned down. 



3l6 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

The estate has since been divided and sold for 
building sites; some of the roads being named after 
events connected with the lives of several members of 
Mr. Pardoe's family : 

Waterloo Road. — 

In memory of Edward Pardoe, Grenadier Guards, 
who lost his life at the battle of Waterloo. 

Palamos and Malta Roads. — 

In memory of George Pardoe, R.N., who was killed 
in a Naval engagement off Palamos on the coast of 
Spain 1810: on board His Majesty's ship '* Malta." 

The Grange. When the Grange was built is unknown,* but as we 

have seen, some time after 1610 it was the Manor House; 
and that it was ** separated from the Manor" by David 
Gansell, as he bought the Manor, or rather one-third of it 
in 1703, and another third in 1709 ; it is possible that 
about this date he sold the house to Sir John Strange, Kt. 
He improved it by additional buildings and gardens, 
making it a very beautiful place. It did not remain in 
this family long, as his son, John Strange, sold it to 
Mr. Bladen ** within the last few days," says Mr. Strype 
in his edition of Stow in 1720. Mr. Bladen's heirs sold 
it to Nathaniel Brassey (Church warden. 1792 and 1793), 
from whom it was purchased by Thomas Lane in 1796; 
who was Churchwarden from i8oo-i8i6.t 



* '* Thomas Champion, Git: and letherseller whose will is dated 1539 had lease 
of the Grange of Leighton." 

t Mr. Lane was a descendant of Col: Lane, of Bentley Hall, Staffordshire, 
whose daughter "Jane," was instrumental in saving the life of Charles II. who 
rode on a pillion as her serving man ; reaching the coast he embarked on board a 
vessel, and reached Fecamp in Normandy, October, 17th, For this service the family 
has the privilege of quartering the *' Royal Arms of England '* with the motto 
" Guarde le Roi." 



PUBLIC LIBHAHY 



AMOK. »*NOX A»» 



THE KEW YORK 
PUBLIC LIBKARY 



ASTUK, LLNHX \NH 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 3I7 

The late Mrs. William Cotton of Wallwood House, 
Leytonstone, was a daughter of Mr. Lane ; and the 
present Mrs. Copeland of Bushy Park is his grand- 
daughter. 

For two short periods the Grange was let, first to 
Mr. Rhodes (about) 1829 to 1843, and secondly to 
Mr. Edward Charrington of Mile End, who was Church- 
warden 1856-7. He was the last inhabitant. On 
September 27th, i860, it was offered for sale by Mr. 
Whittingham, and eventually was laid out for building 
sites. 

The accompanying copy ot a plan ot the estate, 
prepared for the sale, and the following description of 
the house by an eye witness who knew it well, enables us 
to realise, in some measure, what it was like. 

** The house was square in front, with low wings ; 
that were used as offices. The kitchen being in one wing, 
and the brewery in the other. The suite of rooms on 
the ground floor went round the hall ; there were on 
the right hand side the library, drawing room, and 
morning room ; on the other side another morning 
room, the staircase and an anti-room opening into the 
dining-room which communicated with the kitchen. 
In the drawing-room over a marble mantle, was a 
valuable portrait, let into the wall, of * Henrietta 
Maria ' wife of Charles I. In i860 it was bought by 
one of the Rothschild's and taken to Queen's Gate, 
London. 

** The entrance to the Grange was through an arched 
gateway, with a lodge on either side, and which stood 
where Mrs. Maskell's shop in the Broadway now stands. 
From thence the drive was through an avenue of trees to 
the house, which stood about the centre of the present 



3l8 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Grange Park Road. This avenue was crossed by the 
present Church Road, but was protected by gates, it was 
also crossed by another avenue of trees which commenced 
at the top of the present Crawley Road, passed the 
Vicarage at the back, and ended at the Church. At a 
spot near the top of the present Crawley Road stood a 
small gate, which on Sundays was opened for the villagers 
and Sunday school children to get the near way to 
Church. The accompanying sketch is of one of the 
children in her Sunday best. 

** In 1861, the House was pulled down and the era of 
'modern improvement,' so called, began." 

Ruckholt At the end of the road on the left hand side of the 

^^^' present Town Hall there was, until recently, a farm-house 
known for 49 years as Tyler's Farm-house. It was a 
small, square, compact building surrounded by fields. 
This farmhouse stood on the site of the old Manor House 
of Ruckholt. It was situate about a mile south of the 
Church. When, and by whom built, I have been unable 
to discover, but it appears to have come into the 
possession of the Hicks family with the Manor. Strype 
says : — " The ancient Manor house & seat of Ruckholts, 
belonging lately to the family of Hickes, but sold by Sir 
Harry Hickes Bart in the year 1720* to Benj: Collier of 

* Morant says that: — "Sir Harry Hickes having sold Rockholts in 1720 
built a plain brick house at Chigwell called The Bo'wling Green almost 
opposite to West Hatch in which he dyed. His eldest son, Robert, having 
the unhappiness of being blind, he left his estates from him to his second son, 
Michael, who dying March, 1764, gave by will his estates to his said eldest brother, 
now Sir Robert Hickes, and his two sisters & after their deaths to the youngest son 
of Howe Hickes, Esq., of Whitcomb in Gloucestershire, & in case of his death 
to his eldest brother Howe Hickes. But he settled one hundred pounds per annum 
on Michael the son of his youngest sister, widow of Michael Burton, D.D«" 

•* The Manor of Chigwell, Hall remains in the Hickes family. Their share in 
the Forest is at least 1300 acres." 



.5^ 




LEYTON SCHOOL QIRU 

BBONS, BLUI i APRON. KIROHIIP AND OAP. WHITI | BONNET. VBU.CW 8TIIAW. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 3I9 

whom it was purchased by the Earl of Tylney, for his 
eldest son then Lord Castlemain, now Earl of Tylney, 
its present owner 1756. But this seat has of late years 
been deserted by its owners, & not long since was 
converted into a public breakfasting house, & so 
continued for about six years, being prodigiously 
frequented by the gentry, who were entertained here every 
Monday Morning, during the Summer Season, with music 
& other gaieties ; it is now pulling down & its 
materials are on sale." 

It was one William Barton who '* converted it into a 
public breakfasting house " in the years 1742-4 according 
to Lysons. From some of Barton's advertisements in 
the Daily Advertiser, it would appear tradition called this 
old Mansion one of Queen Elizabeth's palaces, evidently 
with no foundation ; it is not, however, improbable that 
she visited Sir Michael Hicks here, which might have 
given rise to the tradition. 

The House was pulled down about the year 1757 and 
after a time the farmhouse was built on the site. A Mr. 
Samuel Turner occupied it and farmed the land until the 
year 1804, when he died. His son Mr. William Turner 
came into possession of the farm, his daughter marrying 
Mr. John Tyler, who at Mr. William Turner's death 
succeeded to the farm, where he lived until the year 1880, 
when he died. 

There is a stained glass window in the north side of 
St. Mary's Church, to the memory of Mr. William Turner 
put in by Mr. and Mrs. John Tyler. 

The following extract from Pepy's Diary ^ of a visit he 

paid to Ruckholt Manor House, will be read with interest : 

*' 1665 — Sept IS*** My Lord Brouncker, Sir J. 



/ 



320 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Minnes, & I took boat, & in my Lord's Coach to Sir W. 
Hickes's * whither by & by my Lady Batten & Sir 
William comes. It is a good seat, with a fair grove of 
trees by it, & the remains of a good garden ; but so let to 
run to ruine, both house and every thing in & about it, 
so ill furnished & miserably looked after, I never did see 
in all my life. Not so much as a latch to his dining room 
door ; which saved him nothing, for the wind blowing 
into the room for want thereof, flung down a great bow 
pott, that stood upon the side table, and that fell upon 
some Venice glasses, & did him a crown's worth of hurt. 
He did give us the meanest dinner, (of beef, shoulder & 
umbles of venison which he takes away from the keeper of 
the Forest, + and a few pigeons, and all in the meanest 
manner,) that ever I did see, to the basest degree. I 
was only pleased at a very fine picture of the Queene- 
Mother, when she was young, by Vandike ; a very good 
picture, & a lovely face." 

Mark The notices of this house are very meagre. Strype 

House, says, 1 720 : — " Mark house, apertaining to the Manor of 
Marks, partly in this parish, is an ancient brick building, 
at present much out of repair. Its owner M" Winder." 
Lysons in 181 1 says: — *'The site of the Manor House 
(now a farm house) is called Marks Hall. The old house 
stood on the boundaries of the parishes of Leyton & 
Walthamstow." No trace of it now remains. Mr. George 
Hibbert informs me that it stood on a field adjoining his 
grounds. 

* '< Sir William Hickes, created a baronet 1619. Ob. 1680, aged 84. His country 
seat was called Ruckholts or Rookwood, at Layton, in Es^^ex, where he entertained 
King Charles II, after hunting." 

t of which he was Ranger. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 321 

This house was built in 1803 on land belonging Hibhert 
to the Warner family, and may be looked upon ^^^' 

as grandson and son, respectively, of ** Mark Manor " 
and ''Marks Hall." It was occupied in 1804 
by Mr. John Hibbert, and since his death by 
his son, Mr. George Hibbert, who still resides 
there. 

There was a priest here, in the Saxon times of ^^^ 

Harold ; a church in' the time of Henry U. But when ^*^^^^S^ 
did the Vicarage appear on the scene ? Our first real 
glimpse of one is not till 1650, and then it is a sad 
picture, for the "Committee then appointed to enquire 
into the state of Ecclesiastical Benefices," found the 
** Vicarage in ruins," and although the Parson was en- 
joying the magnificent sum of ^f 16 per annum he really 
did nothing towards rebuilding it. Twenty years later 
when good John Strype came, he found it *'very ruinous" 
and " unfit to receive a minister " ; the parishioners very 
generously promised, however, to repair or even rebuild 
if need were ; but alas ! the poor Vicar had to wait 
for his house, like Jacob for his wife, seven years ; and 
then it appears that he completed the simile, 
as they gave him Leah in place of Rachel; 
for instead of " rebuilding " as they had promised, 
they gave him the materials and left him to build 
it himself, and pay the deficit, considerably more 
than half the total cost. 

The house was originally much smaller than 

it is now, the present dining-room having been 

added in 1849. The garden joined the Grange 

estate, the avenue of limes before mentioned running 

behind it. 

w 



322 HISTOBY OF LEYTON, 

Mf.Sirype's The following is Mr. Strype's account of the 

Indldi building, written by himself in one of the registers : — 

*'The Vicarage House of this Parish of Low 
Layton, having been of a long time very ruinous, & 
being at its best state but mean, & unfit to receive 
a Minister with his Family, the present Incumbent John 
Strype M.A., having lived seven years and upwards 
in the Parish, & officiated there as their Minister, 
thought fit at the general Vestry at Easter Anno 1677 
to acquaint the Parishoners with a promise they 
had made him, at his first coming among them: which 
was, to repair, or rather if need were, to rebuild the 
said Vicarage House, upon which motion, the Vestry 
appointed Matthias Goodfellow, & Robert Harvey, 
Merchants, to take a view of the old Vicarage House ; 
and to consider and report the charge of rebuilding it. 
Which was done a short time after by the former of 
them, having taken a Surveyor & Workman along 
with him. And a report thereof was accordingly 
returned at the next Vestry, with a model drawn by 
M' Richard Sadleir, an inhabitant of this Parish, 
for the intended new House; containing 30 Foot in 
Front, & 26 Foot in Rear. 

" Hereupon a voluntary subscription was made, by 
divers of the wel-afFected Parishoners, towards the 
charge of the work. An account of their names and 
respective contributions is given underneath. 

*' Upon this encouragement the said Incumbent 
undertook the building thereof himself; and entered 
into Articles with John Mount of Walthamstow 
Bricklayer, to build & finish the House wth all 
manner of Workmanship & Materials, necessary 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 323 

thereunto. And so the Foundation of this House 
was begun to be laid in the Month of August 
Anno 1677. And all finished in the month of 
September the year following. And the above said 
John Strype came into it, to dwell & reside there (by 
the Favor of God) the 26th day of September in the 
year 1678." 

At the end of this account is the following list of 
the names of all those who gave either money or 
materials, or contributed towards the furnishing of the 
house or garden : — 



Benefactors. 


Benefactions. 


Sir William Hicks Bart 


10 . 


. 


Sir WUliam Hicks Kt 


2 . 


. 


Sir Michael Hicks Kt ; 


I . 


I .6 


Sir WilUam Holcroft Kt 


6. 


. 


Daniel Andrews Esq. 


6. 


. 


Lawrance Moyer Esq 


6. 


. 


Samuel Vincent Esq 


6. 


. 


John Parsons Esq 


6. 


. 


M' Matthias Goodfellars 


5- 


. 


M' Charles Gauden 


5. 


. 


M' Robert Harvey 


3. 


0.0 


M' Robert King 


3. 


. 


M' Richard Sadlier 


2 . 


. 


M' John Kent 


2 , 


10 . 


M"MaryBinion 


2 . 


. 


M^ Benjamin Batten 


I . 


. 


Thomas Nash Farmer 


2 . 


. 


Richard Ha)rward 


I . 


5.0 


William Humfreys 


I . 


S-o 


Philip Lovet 


I . 


. 


John Holmes 


I . 


. 


M" Anne Davis of the Bowling Green 


2 . 


. 


John Perry 


I . 


. 


William Whitaker 


. 


15.0 



Benefactors, 



324 



HISTORY OF LBYTON. 



Benefactors 

of 
Materials, 



Benefactors. 


Benefactions. 


George Vaughan 


o . lO . o 


M« Church 


O . ID . o 


Goodwife Nash 


o . lO • o 


Goodwife Baldwin 


o . lO . o 


Thomas Bret 


o . 2 . 6 



*75 . 19 • o 
'*The Names of those that were Benefactors of 
Materials; also that contributed toward the Furniture 
of the House or Garden. 

'* The R* Honorable Thomas Earl of Danby L High 
Treasurer of England ; Granted some Oaks in 
Walwood. 

John L** Leyenberg the Swedes Agent. 

The Lady Pen. 

M"- Margaret Lowther. 

Daniel Andrews Esq. 

Lawrance Moyer Esq. 

Samuel Vincent Esq. 

M'* Dorothy Vincent his wife. 

M' Robert Harvey. 

M" Winifred Conyers. 

M""* Anne Brunning. 

John Sayer. Smith " 

The following paragraph shows that Mr. Strype was 
not unappreciative of his parishioners' kindness : — 

** Let al whose Names stand upon Record to 
succeeding Generations, & their Memories be pre- 
served, for their generous & Christian Charities ; & these 
Testimonies of their Good wil toward their Minister." 



* Error in addition. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



325 



ments. 



" Here follows an account of the Charges & Charges and 
Disbursements laid out about the said House, & *^ ^^^^" 
Ground belonging to it. 

To John Mount the Builder (besides the 

materials of the Old House) paid to him by 

Contract 

More to him for overwork 
To M' Pepys for old Wainscot.. 
To William Hayfold the Joyner 
To Stephen Bull the Painter 
To the Brickmaker for Bricks 

To the Limeman 

To the Mason 

To the Smith 

To the Ironmonger 
For Timber & Boards 
For Colour & Oyle 

To Workmen &' Labourers & Carriage of 
Timber from Wall wood 

For paling fencing digging, trenching planting, 
& laying the Grounds about the house 

Given to John Mount at the making up of the 
Accounts ... 



105. 


. 





5- 


. 





8. 


2 . 





9- 


I . 


6 


5. 


15- 


6 


4- 


2 . 


6 


I . 


II . 


6 


2 . 


18. 





4 


16. 


10 


5. 


18. 





10 . 


13. 





I . 


15. 






II . 19 



38 . 16 



Sum Total 



*'2i6 .9.3 



Out of which Subtract the money contributed 
(which was 75 . 19 . o) & the remainder will 
bee 140.10. 3 

which I have expended 

John Strype." 



* Error in addition. 



326 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

The Great This house was built by Sir Fisher Tench, Bart.,* 

House. ^jjQ ji^gj jj^ jj jjji i^g ^jg^ — October 31st, 1736, aged 63. 

The Rev. John Strype describes it thus : — ** Of more 
modern erection are the Magnificent and beautiful seat 
& habitation of the late Sir Fisher Tench, Bart, adorned 
with large and most delightful gardens, plantations, 
walks, groves, mounts, summerhouses, & pleasant canals 
stored with fish and fowl, and curious vistoes & prospect, 
which upon the death of Sir Nathaniel Tench, son of Sir 
Fisher, came to his sister Jane Tench, who married M' 
Sowerby ; and his children have very lately sold it to M' 
John Stanniland of London, Harberdasher ; as also the 



* Th3 following is a notice of his death in the London Magaxim for November, 
1736 :— 

'* At his fine seat at Low Layton, Sir Fisher Tench, Bart., formerly member in 
several Parliaments for the Borough of Soathwark. He by his Will ordered lo 
Guineas for the preaching his Funeral Sermon, and appointed the text should be 
out of Eccles: ii., 4. 5. 6. 10. 11. as follows. ' I made me great works ; I builded 
me houses ; I planted me vineyards ; I made me gardens and orchards, and I planted 
trees in them of all kinds of fruits ; I made me pools of water, to water therewith 
the wood that bringeth forth trees. And whatsoever mine eyes desired I kept not 
from them, I withheld not my heart from any joy : for my heart rejoiced in all my 
labour ; and this was my portion of all my labour. Then I looked on all the works 
that my hands had wrought, and on the labour that I had laboured to do : and, 
behold, all was vanity and vexation of spirit, and there was no profit under 
the sun.'" 

Sir Fisher was created a Baronet in the and year of George I., August, 8th, 
1715. He had issue as follows : — 

Nathaniel, and Bart., died June and, 1737, Bachelor; title extinct. 

William, died June a4th, 1731. 

Ann, died December 15th, 1733. 

Elizabeth, died March 14th, 1737. 

Jane, married December i6th, 1740, Adam Sowerby of Chesterfield, Derby- 
shire ; she died May i8th, 175a. 

Lady Tench, died March 3rd, 1738, when Jane Tench became sole Heiress 
to ;f50,ooo. 

Sir Fisher, Sir Nathaniel, and Lady Tench, all died within a year and 
a half. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 327 

fair & pleasant tho' lowly situated Manor House of 
Ley ton." 

This house originally had two wings, from one of 
which the cupola now on the tower of the parish 
Church was taken. The present front of the house was 
originally the back; the present High Road and the 
County Cricket Ground being fields attached thereto. 
The High Road then followed nearly the line of the 
present Scott's Road, the estate on that side extend- 
ing as far as the Philli-Brook, which divided it from the 
Phillibrook estate. 

In 1750 it was purchased by Thomas Oliver, Esq., a 
West Indian Merchant, and Alderman of London, con- 
cerning whom is the following, from the Municipal Review ^ 
October 20th, 1888 : — ** There is also a loving cup and 
cover which reminds us of former struggles for the 
liberty of the subject, which the City of London has 
always been foremost in promoting or defending. It is 
termed the * Oliver Cup ' for the reason which the 
following inscription will make plain ; and which was the 
result of a struggle with a despotic Government, acting 
through an unreformed House of Commons, and was the 
opening of the doors of Parliament to the Press for 
reporting its debates. 

" Inscription on Side of Cup. 

" * This Cup presented by the City to Alderman Oliver 
for joining with other Majestrates for releasing of a 
freeman who was arrested by Order of the House of 
Commons and in a Warrant for imprisonment of the 
Messenger who arrested the Citizen and refused to give 
bail, is by him deposited in the Mansion House to remain 
there a public Memorial of the honour which his fellow 



328 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Citizens have done him and the Claim they have upon 
him to persevere in his duty.* 

" Signed. William Nash, Mayor. 

"Mar. 1772." 

In 1805 John Theophilus Daubuz bought the Great 
House Estate from the heirs of Alderman Oliver for 
;f5,8oo. Mr. Daubuz was of French extraction, his 
ancestors having come to this country at the time of the 



* Shortly after the election of Brass Crosby to the Mayoralty in 1770, the 
Speaker of the House of Commons, on the complaint of Col. Onslow, issued his 
warrant against the printers of the MiddUux Journal and the GauUer on a charge of 
having shewn contempt for the Orders of the House, as indicated in the following 
resolution. 

** That it is an indignity to, and a breach of the privilege of the House for any 
person to presume to give in written or printed newspapers any account or minutes 
of the debates or other proceedings of this House, or of any Committee thereof." 

The printers refusing to attend, a reward was offered for their apprehension ; 
but on being brought before Alderman Wilkes and Oliver, they were discharged. 

Meantime Miller, the printer of the Evening Post^ was taken into custody by a 
Message from the House, and the Serjeant-at-Arms came to the Mansion House to 
demand the bodies of the printer and publisher who had appealed to the Lord Mayor. 
His Lordship asked if any Magistrate had backed the warrant, and on the reply 
being in the negative, remarked that no power on earth should seize a citizen of 
London without authority from him or some other Magistrate. He discharged 
Miller from custody, and committed the messenger for assault and false imprison- 
ment. The Serjeant-at-Arms bailed the messenger. 

The next day in compliance with an order from the House, Mr. Morgan, the 
Lord Mayor's Clerk, attended with the Book of Recognizances. The House then 
compelled the Clerk, whom they had in custody, to erase the entry. Most of the 
Opposition left the house. 

On March 23th. the Lord Mayor and Alderman Oliver attended in their places in 
the House of Commons. The Lord Mayor was further heard, when it was resolved 
to commit Alderman Oliver to the Tower ; and two djys afterwards it was. resolved 
that " Brass Crosby, the Lord Mayor, be committed to the Serjeant-at-Arms." 

This concession appears to have been made in consequence of the delicate 
health of the Lord Mayor, but upon his requesting that no distinction should be 
made ('* asked no favor, craved no mercy on account of his health ") he also was 
committed by 202 to 39. The great end of the contest was that the House of Com- 
mons had to give way, and from that day to the present, has never again ventured 
to assail the liberty of the Press, or to prevent the publication of the Parliamentary 
debates. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 329 

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, with the ancestors of 
the Rev. Charles Laprimaudaye, who in the year 1800 
became Vicar of Ley ton. Mr. Daubuz died in 1831, 
leaving his estate to his elder daughter, Ann Hand 
Mary Daubuz, with the exception of the present Grove 
House, and two fields adjoining it, which he left to his 
younger sister, Magdalen Daubuz. Ann Hand Mary 
Daubuz died in 1836, leaving her estate to her married 
brother, Lewis Charles Daubuz, of Truro ; he lived with 
his daughter at the Great House till he died in 1839. His 
two sons, Charles Lewis and William, now inherited it, 
and by them it was let first in 1840 to Stephen Cattley, 
a Russian Merchant, who with his family lived in it till 
about 1845, when it was let to Mr. Kennard, and after 
him it was let as a school to Mr. Arnold, a relative of 
Dr. Arnold, of Rugby. In 1855 it was a boarding house, 
under the management of Mr. Dovey. From 1858 to 
i860 it was inhabited by James Daubuz, the eldest son 
of Lewis Charles Daubuz ; soon after this date it was 
rented by Mrs. Davey (then Woods), and a few years 
after she purchased it ; and now it is used by her as a 
private lunatic asylum. 

When or by whom this house was built is unknown. Forest 
'' It anciently belonged to the Abbots of Waltham," says ^^''^^• 
Mr. Wright. In the seventeenth century, on coming 
into the hands of Charles Goring, Earl of Norwich (who 
died 1670), it was named Goring House; it afterwards 
belonged to Sir Gilbert Heathcote, Kt.* His son, John 
Heathcote, sold it to the Bosanquets,t who lived there 
till about 1831-2. At this house was born, September 

• Alderman of London, and Lord Mayor in 1711. 

t Samuel Bosanquet was Churchwarden in 1742 and 1743 



330 HISTORY OF LETTON. 

1st, 1739, Mary Bosanquet, who became a very earnest 
Methodist, and was eventually married to the Rev. John 
Fletcher, Vicar of Madely; or, as she puts it in her 
Diary, — " So on Monday, the 12'** of November, 1781, in 
Batle)' Church, we covenanted in the Name of the Father, 
& of the Son, & of the Holy Ghost, * to bear each others 
burdens,' & to become one for ever." 

After 1832, the house was let to a Mr. Parsons, who 
resided there till 1838. A Mr. Robinson succeeded him, 
and remained till about 1840, when his brother-in-law, 
Mr. Hubbard, a Russian Merchant, took the house, 
where he died in 1847, ^^^ ^^s widow continued to live 
there till her death in 185 1. Their eldest son, John 
Gillibrand Hubbard, was raised to the Peerage, under 
the title of Lord Addington, and their fourth daughter, 
Annie, married the Rev. Charles John Laprimaudaye, 
nephew of the Vicar of Leyton. 

About the year 1854 Mr. Robeson and his family 
removed from Etloe House to Forest House, where they 
lived for a few years, when it was taken by Mr. Fowler, 
Here Mrs. Fowler died, after which Mr. Fowler went to 
live at Saffron Walden, and since then the house has 
been empty. 

Walnut Next to the Great House is a low white building, 

Tree House. ^^^ ^^le Constitutional Club, but formerly known as 
Walnut Tree House. On the sun-dial in the garden is 
the date of 1666, which is the date when the house is 
supposed to have been built. On one of the panels at 
the back entrance are armorial bearings, which some 
think are the arms of the Earl of Norwich, who lived at 
Forest House. Others believe that an Earl of Essex 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 33 1 

at one time lived here. At the end of the last century 
the house belonged to the proprietors of its neighbour, 
the Great House. About the beginning of the 
present century it became the property of the 
Daubuz family, in whose possession it remained till 
1880. About the year 1800 Mr. Joseph Cotton, Deputy 
Master of the Trinity House, lived there. He died in 
1825, and a tablet to his memory is on the north side 
of St. Mary's Church. After him came his son, Mr. 
John Cotton, an East India Director. He occupied the 
house up to 1830, and was succeeded by a Mr. Burdillion 
and family. In the year 1836 Mr. and Mrs. Robert 
Innes and family were the occupiers. Mrs. Innes was 
the eldest daughter of Mr. Lewis Charles Daubuz, of 
the Great House. Mrs. Innes left Walnut Tree House, 
a widow, in i860, when it was let to Mrs. Taylor, a 
widow, who resided here till about 1866. After being 
vacant for some time it was occupied by a Mr. Westfield, 
who kept a boys' school there, and called it Leyton 
College. A few years later the house became vacant 
and was purchased by Mr. Jesse Jackson, who, in 1890, 
let it to the Leyton Constitutional Club. 

The grounds of Etloe House join those of Leyton Leyion 
House, an old mansion built of red bricks, the charac- House. 
teristic of most Leyton houses of the olden time. The 
date of the building is uncertain, but it may be presumed 
that it was built some time early in the eighteenth 
century, perhaps even earlier. In the beginning of this 
century it was occupied by a Mr. Isaac Solly, the father 
of the eminent surgeon of St. Helen's Place, London, a 
Jewish family. Mr. Solly lived here till 1840. After a 
few years Mr. Alderman Sidney, with his wife and 



332 



HISTORY OF LEFTON. 



Lea Hall. 



Mr. 

Barclay's 

House, 

Knotfs 

Green. 



daughter, came to this house and lived in it till he left 
Ley ton in 1854. Alderman Sidney was a member of 
Parliament in 1847, and Lord Mayor of London in 1853. 
On the north wall of St. Mary's Church is a tablet to 
the memory of Mrs. Sidney. When he left Leyton House 
it was taken by a Mrs. Norris, widow, who, with her 
sons and daughters, came from Woodford Hall. After 
she left, it became a Roman Catholic institution, the 
name being altered to that of St. Agnes' Orphanage, 
which it still bears. 

This house was built in the year 1626, and was 
occupied at the beginning of the eighteenth century by 
Sir Richard Hopkins, Kt., and Alderman of London, 
who died in the year 1735, and a monument to his 
memory is in Leyton Church, erected by his widow. 
She died in 1759. In the early part of this century 
it was occupied by a man who was convicted and hanged 
for forgery. It was bought in 1837 by Mr. Thos. 
Moxon, who lived in it till his death in 1869. Mr. 
Charles William Pardoe, brother to the lord of the 
Manor, bought it in 1881 from the executors of Mr. 
Moxon. From 1870 to 1878 it was used by Dr. Aldom 
(who called it Cambridge House), as a young ladies' 
school. It is now a branch of the Essex County Asylum. 

I regret that all I am able to say of this house is 
that it was purchased by the father of the present 
occupier, Mr. J. G. Barclay, about the year 1821, from 
a Mr. McTaggart, a gentleman of Scotch extraction. 
It is marked on a map published by John Rocque 
1741-5- 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



333 



The earliest dweller in this house that I find mentioned 
was Peregrine Bertie, who was Churchwarden in 1733. 
About the year 1800 Mr. William Masterman bought 
it, and, removing into it from Suffolk House, Capworth 
Street, he lived here till his death in 1845. He was 
succeeded by his son, Mr. John Masterman, M.P., who 
died in 1862, when it was purchased by Mr. Robert Gurney 
Barclay. The Beaumont Road, in front of it, was then 
a beautiful park, well wooded with fine elm trees, and 
known as Masterman's Park. 

In 1847, when three Leyton residents, Mr. John 
Masterman, Mr. Alderman Copeland, and Mr. Alderman 
Sydney, were returned as members of Parliament in the 
Conservative interest, Mr. Masterman invited his neigh- 
bours, rich and poor, to an entertainment in his park to 
celebrate the victory. 

The square red brick house opposite that now 
occupied by Mr. Edward Masterman, was at the 
beginning of this century vacant for some time. In the 
year 181 7 Mr. and Mrs. Robert Innes came to live there 
and remained until the year 1825, when they moved into 
their father's house opposite. The house was again vacant 
for a time, till Miss Clark, a relative of the Cotton 
family (then living in Walnut Tree House, Leyton) took 
it, and remained in it till her death in 1861. This lady 
gave the stained-glass windows that are in the south 
wall of St. Mary's Church. There is also a small 
window to her memory in the west end of the church. 
After Miss Clark's death, Mr. Benjamin Cotton, of Leyton- 
stone,)^oungest son of Capt. Cotton, R.N., who had lived in 



The House 

in Mr, 
Barclays 
Grounds. 



Mr, 

BaddeUys 

House, 

Knott's 

Green, 



334 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Mr. 

Masterfnan*s 

House, 

Knott's 

Green, 



Suffolk 

House, 

Capworth 

Street. 



Walnut Tree House, took it. He, conjointly with his family, 
put into St. Mary's Church the stained-glass window 
at the east end, to the memory of his sisters. The next 
tenant after Mr. Benjamin Cotton was a Mr. Borwick ; 
he, with his wife, stayed for some time. The house was 
then bought by Mr. Barclay, whose son, Mr. Edward 
Barclay, with his wife, lived there for a few years. It is 
now occupied by Mr. Baddeley. 

The house now occupied by Mr. Edward Masterman, 
is the property of a Scotch family named Innes ; 
connected with the Dukes of Rothsay. Mr. James Innes 
bought it and lived in it with his family about 1798. 
His eldest son, Mr. Robert Innes, married the elder 
daughter of Mr. Lewis Charles Daubuz, of the Great 
House. In 1825 Mr. and Mrs. Robert Innes and their 
family moved from the red brick house opposite and 
took up their abode with their father, Mr. James Innes. 
Here they continued to live after his death, which took 
place in 1826, until about the year 1831. After that date 
the house was let to Mr. John Masterman, M.P., who, 
with his family, remained in the house until about the 
year 1845, when he succeeded to the estate of his father, 
Mr. William Masterman. After 1845-6, the house was 
let to a Mr. Cox, who, with his family, lived in 
it for a few years. The present occupier is Mr. Edward 
Masterman. 

Mr. John Pardee (afterwards lord of the Manor) 
bought this house in 1765 from Mrs. Anna Lyon. 
Later on it was occupied by Mr. William Masterman 
till the beginning of this century, when he removed 
to the house (now belonging to Mr. Barclay) facing 
the present Beaumont Road. It was then used as 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



335 



a ladies' school, and was afterwards occupied by 
Mr. Lyon, Capt. Hibbert, and the Rev. John Pardoe, 
then Vicar of Ley ton, who lived in it from 1861 to 1870, 
when he became lord of the Manor, and re-occupied the 
Manor House. Capt. Fletcher, R.N., grandson to the 
Duke of Argyll, followed Mr. Pardoe, and lived in it till 
1877. The house was then vacant for a time, until taken 
by Mr. A. Isbell, who still resides there. This house is 
still owned by Mr. John Pardoe, lord of the Manor, and 
Rector of Gravely, Herts. 

'* Edward Rowe Mores from Ley ton, buried Dec. S^^ Ethe House. 
1778 '* is an entry in the parish register of Walthamstow. 
He was descended from the family of Rowe, of Higham 
Hill, Walthamstow. In 1760 he came to Leyton, 
and built the ** whimsical construction " called 
Etloe House, where he lived till his death. In 181 1 Mr. 
Joseph Clemen tson occupied it with his family, one of 
his daughters marrying Mr. Lewis Doxat, to whom 
Phillibrook Estate was left by her father in 1849. 
After the Clementson family left, Etloe House was 
taken by a Mr. Gore, who was Churchwarden of Leyton 
in 1828-g. The next occupiers were a Mr. Bousfield and 
family ; then came a Mr. Honnyhall, who remained till 
1845, after which a Mr. Robeson and his family 
lived in it, until they removed to Forest House. 
It remained empty for a time, but was subsequently 
occupied by Cardinal Wiseman, and after his death 
it was bought by Mr. John Simonds, who died in i8gi. 
His widow still occupies the house. 



The house opposite Copeland's Corner was in 
1798 included in the Manor of Leyton. Afterwards 
Mr. Sterry bought the estate from the lord of the Manor, 



Copeland*s 
Corner. 



336 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



Phillihrook 
Hause^ 



Berthon 
House, 



The 

Leasowes, 

Capwofth 

Street, 



Mr. J. Pardee, and later on it again changed hands, 
Mr. Copeland buying it of Mr. Sterry. Mr. Copeland 
gave this estate to his elder daughter, Mrs. Samuel 
Capper. The house was let to several different inmates 
until the year 1837, when Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Capper 
and their children came to live there. Mr. Capper 
died in 1847. His widow and her sister, Miss Copeland, 
continued to live there until Mrs. Capper's death in 1890. 
The chancel window in St. Mary's Church is the gift of 
these two sisters. The family also gave the chancel 
window in All Saints' Church, Leyton, with the reredos. 
The house and land are now the property of Miss Cope- 
land, who still lives here. 

Sir Ledger de Grey (whose family came to England in 
1685, at the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes) purchased 
this house towards the end of the eighteenth century, in 
whose possession it remained till 181 1, when it was sold to 
Mr. John Alphonso Doxat, who was of Swiss extraction, and 
a member of a noted firm of silk weavers at Spitalfields. 
He lived in it till his death in 1849^ His son, Mr. Lewis 
Doxat, sold it to Alderman Finnis, who again sold it to 
Mr. Byas, the last inhabitant. In 1889 the house was 
pulled down, and the estate divided into building plots. 

At the end of the County Cricket Ground, opposite 
the Hainault Road, stood an old house, inhabited by 
a Peter Berthon, who was Churchwarden 1794-5. He 
died in 1809, but his family continued to reside in it 
till 1825, when it was pulled down. 

The next house to Sunny Side is called Leasowes. 
Mr. Samuel Edenborough and his family lived there 
about the year 1800. After a time it was taken by a 
gentleman named Waller, who lived there for many 



HISTORY OF LEYTON, 



337 



years. One of Mr. Waller's sons was a great traveller. 
After his return from Africa, where it is said he joined 
Dr. Livingstone, he took holy orders, and accepted 
the incumbency of St. John's, Leytonstone, where he 
remained some time. About the year 1873 a Mr. 
Blyth was living at Leasowes. 

The square brick house on Leyton Green, now 
called St. Helier, was inhabited by a Mr. Davis in 
the beginning of the present century. He was followed 
by Mr. James Reeves, of Cheapside, London, who lived 
in the house from about the year 1836 to 1855. The 
Great Eastern Railway Company afterwards bought the 
land, but the house was unoccupied for some time. 
Then a Mr. West took it; he died there, and his 
widow, after a time, married a Mr. Mountain, and 
continued to live in the house till a short time since. 
The next and present occupier is Mr. Shaw. 

About 1830 Mr. Thomas Masterman, son of William, 
and brother of John Masterman, M.P., lived in this house 
for some time, and was succeeded by a Mr. Orr, who stayed 
in it till 1858, when it became a school for young gentle- 
men, kept by a Mr. Stedman. After a few years it 
became vacant, and so remained for a little while until 
taken by Mr. Volckman, of Stratford, who still occupies it. 

Stands at the crossing of Leyton High Road, and 
Lea Bridge Road, known as Copeland's Corner. It is 
supposed to have been built in the sixteenth century ; 
nothing, however, is known of its various inhabitants till 
the year 1800, when it belonged to a Mr. Wildman. In 
1 819 it was bought by Mr. Copeland, of the well-known 
Staffordshire China Works. He died in 1826, and his 
widow in 1837; when his son, who had been Lord Mayor 



St. Helier, 
Knott's 
Green, 



The Whits 
House, for- 
merly The 
Cottage. 



The Poplars, 



338 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

of London in 1835,* succeeded to it, and held it till about 
1856, when he sold it. After a short time, the house and 
grounds were divided, and the larger half bought by a 
Mr. Crook, who lived in it till he died, and his widow 
continued there till her death in 1890. It was one of the 
largest and finest houses in Leyton, its grounds were 
well wooded, and in front of the house was a row of 
poplars, which gave it its name. 

Grove This house had no name up to 1879. Grove House, 

^^^^' now the property of Mr. Jesse Jackson, is described in an 

old deed as " that newly (1806) erected Messuage or 

Tenement, erected and built on the site of said Messuage, 

called the Cross House, otherwise Bushes.'* 

This house belonged up to 1878 to Mrs. 
Robert Innes, niece to Miss Magdalen Daubuz, for 
whom the house was built by her brother, Mr. John 
Theophilus Daubuz, in the year 1806. 

Miss Magdalen Daubuz lived in her house till her 
death, September, 1844. She is buried in the 
Laprimaudaye vault in St. Mary's churchyard. Her 
name is also amongst the benefactors to Leyton parish. 
In 1845 Grove House was let to Mr. Frederick Green, 
shipbuilder (of the firm at Blackwall). He remained in 
the house up to 1850, when it was taken by Miss Doxat, 
daughter of Mr. John Alphonso Doxat, of Phillibrook. 
She remained here until her death in December, 1878. 
Mrs. Innes then sold her house to Mr. Jesse Jackson, 
who now owns and occupies it. 

Moyer At the bottom of Hainault Road (by some old 

House. inhabitants still called Moyer's Lane) stands Cashford's 

• During this year Her Majesty the Queen, then Princess Victoria, with 
her Mother (the Duchess of Kent) had luncheon here. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 339 

Farm, a remnant of some of the buildings attached to 
Moyer House. The only reliable facts at all relating to 
it that I have been able to get are, that in the years 1649, 
1655, ^705 and 1760, members of the Moyer family were 
Churchwardens in Ley ton ; and as late as 1827, Mrs. 
Catharine Moyer is recorded as bequeathing ;^25o to the 
Leyton Almshouses. I have been informed that Moyer 
House was pulled down in 1812. 

Formerly called '* Holy Cottages,'* were originally a ^^^^y 
small branch of Holiwell Convent, that appears to have ^ ^^^^' 
been established here from very early times. They have 
passed through many transformations, and are now 
known as Lamb's printing works, and situate in High 
Street, at the entrance to Hainault Road. 

The history seems to be this. That Manor, which 
had belonged in the reign of William the Conqueror to 
Peter de Valoines, was given by his great granddaughter 
Gunnora to the Nuns of Holiwell,* and it seems a small 
branch was formed here — perhaps to look after the 
interests of the Convent — but when or how long it existed 
is unknown. In 1872 an old pump was removed bearing 
date 1697, ^^d ^^ l^t^ 2is 1891 the stones which marked 
the entrance to the Convent were still standing. 

The next house to Mr. Barclay's in Chestnut Walk ^hips 
was occupied by a Mr. Isaac Solly, who came to reside 
in it about the year 1820, and continued to do so till the 
death of his wife. The house was taken some years 
after by a Mr. James Helme. In 1890 it descended to 
his son, Mr. Richard Helme, who now lives there. 



* See pages lo and 12, disputes between the Prioress of Holiwell and the 
Abbot of Stratford. 



340 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Sunny Side. In Cap worth Street is a very old house which 

belongs to the Rev. John Pardoe, the lord of the 
Manor. It is thought by many that the famous 
Nell Gwynne lived in it ; but how much is history, 
and how much myth, I cannot tell. About the 
close of the eighteenth century this house was 
inhabited by Mr. James Byrne, who was Churchwarden 
in 1 812 and 181 3. At his death there is a blank as 
regards its occupants till 1847, when Mr. Frederic Bidwell 
lived there till 1859, when it became vacant for a little 
while, until it was taken by Mr. William Charles B. 
Hockley, who, with his family, resided here till 1885. It 
is now occupied by Mr. Whitehead. 

Godsalves. The following is a description by Mr. Strype of a 

house standing in his day : — 

'* To these may be added the ancient Mansion House 
of the Knightly Family of the Godshalfs, or Godsalves, 
formerly a spacious quadrangular fabric, inclosed with a 
high wall, and surrounded by a moat; but this like many 
others, has of late years, been exceedingly reduced, and 
from its materials several messuages have, within the 
memory of man arisen greatly to the annoyance of the 
neighbourhood wherein they stand. This seat by several 
Mesne conveyances ; came 25 Nov: 39 Elizabeth into the 
possession of the Lady Frances Stanley, daughter to 
Ferdinando, Earl of Derby, who, marrying John Earl of 
Bridgewater, they together 27 April 2 Car: I. conveyed 
it, amongst other things, to Robert Rowe Esq., and his 
brothers William, Cheyney, & Thomas. On Mar 28. 
1 65 1 it came into the sole possession of Robert Rowe ; 
from him it descended to Edward Rowe Mores Esq: the 
present owner in 1756." 



CHAPTER VII. 



Bowyer, William— Bryan, Lady Margaret— Cotton, Sir Henry— Harold, Earl- 
Hicks, Sir Michael — Kerne, Samuel — Lake, Sir John — Mores, Edward Rowe — 
Rowe, Sir Thomas— Strange, Sir John— Strype, Rev. John— White, Sir Thomas- 
Wiseman, Cardinal— Mackenzie, Sir Morel. 




[ILLIAM BOWYER, the elder (1663-1737), 
printer, son of John Bowyer, citizen 
and grocer of London, by Mary, 
daughter of William King, citizen and 
vintner of London, was born in 1663 ; apprenticed 
to Miles Flesher, printer, in 1679; and admitted 
to the freedom of the Company of Stationers 1686. 
By his first wife, who died early, he had no 
issue. By his second wife, Dorothy, daughter of 
Thomas Dawks (a printer who had been employed on 
Bishop Walton's Polyglot Bible), and widow of Benjamin 
Allport, bookseller, he was father of William Bowyer 
the younger, *the learned printer,' and a daughter 
Dorothy, married to Peter Wallis, a London jeweller. 
In 1699, a few months before the birth of his son, he 
began business as a printer at the 'White Horse' in Little 
Britain, and here he produced his first book, a neat, 
small 4to of 96 pp., * A Defence of the Vindication of 



Bowyer, 
William. 



342 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

King Charles, the Martyr, justifying his Majesty's title to 
Eikon Basilike* (portraiture of the King) in answer to 
John Toland,' Lond. 1699, 4to. Immediately after, he 
removed to Dogwell Court, Whitefriars. In 1700 he was 
made livery-man of the Stationers' Company, and was 
chosen one of the twenty printers allowed by the Star 
Chamber. On 29th January, 1712-13, a fire destroyed his 
printing office and dwelling, and one member of the family 
was burnt to death; plant and stock were consumed, Atkyn's 
'Gloucestershire,' Bishop Bull's 'Primitive Christianity,' 
L'Estrange's 'Josephus,' part of Thoresby's ' Ducatus 
Scodiensis,' and many other works, with some valuable 
manuscripts, were lost. The estimated total loss was 
^^5,146, but this was more than half replaced by the 
produce of a king's brief, granted 6th March, 1713, for a 
charitable collection ; the contributions of friends, and a 
subscription of his own fraternity, amounting to ;f 2,539. 
In remembrance of this kindness he had several tail- 
pieces and devices engraved, representing a Phoenix 
rising from the flames, with suitable mottoes ; used 
afterwards in some of his best books. 

** Continuing his business at the houses of friends, he 
at length returned to Whitefriars, October, 17 13, where 
he became the foremost printer of his day, until the fame 
of his learned son overshadowed his. The latter was 
taken into partnership in 1722, and his duty thence- 
forward was to correct for the press, while his father up to 
his death retained the executive ; the imprint of their 
works continuing to be * Printed by William Bowyer.' 
The list with copious notes of all the works published 
by him is given in Nichol's ' Literary Anecdotes ' from 

• See Appendix, No. 2. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 343 

1697 to 1722, 230 pages, and of the joint works, 1722 to 

to i737> 37^ pages. 

*' Bowyer died 27th December, 1737, having survived 
his wife ten years, and was buried in the Church of Low 
Leyton, Essex, among his relations ; in the south-west 
corner of which is an inscription to the memory of the 
Bowyer family generally. There is a marble monument 
erected by his son to his memory in the same church. 
In the stock-room at Stationers' Hall there is a brass 
tablet, also by his son, commemorative of his loss by 
fire in 171 2- 13, and of the donations of the Stationers' 
Company and friends. By the side of it hangs a half- 
length portrait of Bowyer, which has been well described 
as that of a * pleasant, round-faced man,' and * a jolly 
good-looking man in a flowing wig.' An engraving of it 
by Basire is the frontispiece of Nichol's first volume of 
* Literary Anecdotes.' 

" In 1724 Bowyer was a non-juror ; we know nothing 
more of his religious views except a few traces in his 
early life, recorded by Ord in the 'History of Cleveland,' 
where it is said that he had a controversy with a priest 
who defended the conduct of his sister, a professed nun 
of the order of Poor Clares at Dunkirk. The letters 
commence October, 1696, and end in June, 1697, ^it the 
time when he was journeyman printer at Daniel Sheldon's, 
in Bartholomew Close. 

** He seems to have been a very kind-hearted man, and 
ever ready to show kindness to others. He was the 
principal means of establishing the elder Caslon as a 
type founder." 

'* In this parish lived sometime the Lady Margaret Bryan, 
Bryan, and seems here also to be buried : eminent for ,^fl_^. 
having been the chief governess to the Princesses Mary 



Margaret. 



344 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

and Elizabeth ; and Edward, Prince of Wales, children of 
King Henry VIII., in their minorities. Her will bore date 
the 2oth August, 155 1, and was proved June 21st, 1552, 
and ran in this form : — * I Dame Margaret Brianne, 
Widow, in the Parish of Leyton, in the County of Essex, 
&c., make, constitute, & ordain this my last Will & 
Testament, in Manner, &c.' And after divers bequests 
to her servants, Elizabeth Hall, William Watson, 
Thomas Lamplaye, Joseph Watson, Thomas Smyth, 
.... Evans, Arys Dyal, Mary Festalf, Elizabeth Gray, 
and others, proceeds : * And I do most humbly beseech 
the King's Majesty to be good & gracious to my Servant 
Elizabeth Dudley, &c. And that it may likewise please 
his most excellent Majesty, towards the payment of my 
debts, & reward of my Servants, to give unto me, or unto 
my Executrice, (who was the above said Elizabeth Dud- 
ley) the sum of £'i^. due to me at Michaelmas next 
ensuing, for the half year of mine annuity, granted unto 
me by the virtue of his gracious Letters Patents, for my 
poor service, done as well unto his Majesty in his tender 
age, as also unto his dearly beloved Sisters, the Lady 
Mary's Grace, & the Lady Elizabeth's Grace. And in 
consideration of my said service, it may finally please his 
Majesty to graunt unto me, or my Executrice, a sufficient 
discharge, or Quietus est, for all such things I had in my 
charge or custody, of his Majesty's, during the time of 
my daily attendance upon his Highness: Having 
delivered the same & every part thereof, to the hands of 
Sir George Cotton & Sir Jasper Horsye, Knts. as appears 
by the several bills under their hands and seals, ready to 
be shewed.' " 

Lady Margaret was the daughter of Humphrey 
Bouchier, Lord Berners, and wife of Sir Thomas Bryan, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 345 

Knight. She appears to have succeeded Catharine Pole 
as governess to Henry VIII. 's children. 

In December, 1522, the Princess Mary went to 
Greenwich to keep Christmas, and it appears to have 
been the custom to make the Princess a New Year's 
gift, and we find Mistress Margaret presenting on New 
Year's day a purse of " tynsent saten." The custom 
seems to have been kept up, for twenty years later we 
find the following entry in the Privy Purse expenses of 
the Princess : — 

^* Mens Jan 1543-4. 

" Item, from my lady Bryan a Casting glas V.s." 

The following account of her son. Sir Francis Bryan, 
will shew the favour with which the family were regarded 
by Henry VIII., and perhaps the reason why: — 

"Many of the entries in the Privy Purse expenses of 
Henry VIII. respecting Sir Francis exhibit the intimacy 
between him and his sovereign. They show that he was 
constantly the King's companion in his amusements at 
shovel-board, bowls, dice, primers, and other games, and 
on one occasion we find £^0 was given to his servant as 
* a token from the King to him,' an expression which 
no where else occurs, and which, it would seem, Avas a 
delicate manner of making him a pecuniary present. He 
was one of Henry's Gentlemen of the Bedchamber. Hall 
states many curious facts respecting him, particularly of 
the loss of one of his eyes at a tilting match. 

** Henry sent him to Rome, to obtain the Papal 
sanction to his divorce from Catharine. Soon after 
leaving England he wrote to his cousin, Anne Boleyn, 
encouraging her to look forward to the immediate 
removal of all obstacles between her and the title of 
Queen. He remained the King's permanent favourite, 



34^ HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

shared almost all his amusements, and acquired an 
unrivalled reputation for dissoluteness." 

Cotton, ** Sir Henry Cotton was the younger son of Mr. William 

Sir Henry, Cotton, of Wallwood House, Leytonstone, formerly 
High Sheriff of Essex, and at one time a Governor of the 
Bank of England. He was born at Leytonstone on the 
20th of May, 182 1, and in due time was sent to Eton, 
where he obtained the Newcastle Scholarship in 1838. 
Like so many brilliant Etonians of that time, he went to 
Christ Church, where he took a second class in the 
School of Literae Humaniores and a first class in 
mathematics. Mr. Cotton was called to the Bar at 
Lincoln's Inn in January, 1846, and his great ability, 
combined as it was with a strong city connection, soon 
brought him considerable practice. In 1866 he was 
called within the Bar. A period of great commercial 
depression, and especially the crash of Overend, Gurney, 
and Co., brought a great deal of work to the Chancery 
Bar, of which Cotton obtained his share, appearing in 
several of the cases in the liquidation of that mercantile 
house. A year or two after becoming a Q.C. Mr. Cotton 
was made standing counsel to the Bank of England, and 
appeared in several cases of importance on behalf of the 
Bank. He was engaged in the following important cases : — 

" The King of Hanover v. the Bank of England. 

** Rubery v. Grant. 

** Dr. Hayman v. the Governors of Rugby School. 

** Republic of Costa Rica v, Erlanger. 

** Cotton was not a great advocate in the ordinary sense 
of the term, and indeed in the Chancery Courts there is 
not much room for what is termed advocacy. But he 
had great knowledge of law and every detail of Chancery 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 347 

practice at his fingers' ends, and great power of present- 
ing the real issues involved in a logical form. The Vice- 
Chancellor's Court was not altogether to his taste, and 
his principal opponent, Mr. Glasse, obtained an ascen- 
dency in the Court by virtue of a masterful will and a 
somewhat domineering manner, for which Cotton's more 
refined methods were not altogether a match. He was, 
therefore, no doubt glad to be in a position to become a 
** special," and was able in that enviable position still to 
command a large business. In 1872, in succession to Sir 
Roundell Palmer, now Lord Selborne, Cotton was made 
standing counsel to the University of Oxford. 

** Lord Justice Mellish died in 1877, and on the 28th 
of June of that year Mr. Cotton was appointed by Lord 
Cairns to fill his place, and was shortly afterwards sworn 
a member of the Privy Council. On the bench he had 
to hold his own against the late Master of the Rolls, 
Lord Justice James, Lords Justices Bramwell and Brett. 
But in learning and accuracy, if not in more brilliant 
gifts, he was the equal of the best of them. 

*' Lord Justice Cotton retired at the end of October, 
1890, and on November 12th, in the Court of Appeal, the 
Master of the Rolls, on behalf of the Bench, and the 
Attorney-General for the Bar, testified their respect and 
admiration of the retiring Judge. Sir Henry Cotton 
married in 1853 a daughter of the Rev. Thomas Streat- 
feild, of Chart's Edge, Kent. Whilst at the Bar the late 
Judge was an active member of the Inns of Court 
Volunteer Corps, in which he always took a warm 
interest. He was made an honorary D.C.L. of Oxford 
in October, 1877."* He died on Monday, February 22nd, 
1892, at his residence. Forest Mere, Liphook, Hants. 

* From the Times, February 24th, 1892. 



348 



HISTORY OP LEYTON. 



Harold, 
Earl. 



Hicks, 
Sir Michael. 



In Edward the Confessor's reign, 1042-1066, the 
Manor of Leyton was held by Earl Harold. 

This Harold was the second son of the great Earl 
Godwin. He was also brother-in-law to the King, and 
Governor of Essex. With his father and brothers, he 
led the English party then trying to stop the incoming 
tide of Normans. On the death of Edward he was 
crowned King by the Archbishop of York, and soon 
mustered an army of 60,000 and a navy of 1,000 vessels ; 
but his energy and foresight were without avail, for in nine 
short months he fell on the battle field of Hastings, 
fighting for home and country with a courage which 
makes it an honour to Leytonians that their parish was 
once owned by him. 

*' Hicks, Sir Michael, secretary to Lord Burghley, born 
October 21st, 1543, was eldest son of Robert Hicks, of 
Bristol, Gloucestershire, at one time a London merchant. 
He was a descendant of Sir Ellis Hicks, who distin- 
guished himself in the French wars under Edward the Black 
Prince. Sir Michael's mother was Juliana, daughter and 
heiress of William Arthur, Esq., of Clapham, Surrey. 

" Baptist Hicks, or Hickes, afterwards first Viscount 
Campden, was a younger brother. Michael spent some 
time at Trinity College, Cambridge, and entered Lincoln's 
Inn on 20th March, 1563-4 (Lincoln's Inn Reg.) At an 
early age he seemed to have been received into the house 
of Sir William Cecil, afterwards Lord Burghley, and 
ultimately became one of Cecil's two chief secretaries. 
The position gave him much influence at Elizabeth's 
court, and being * very witty and jocose ' he was popular 
in society. After Burghley's death, Sir Robert Cecil, 
his successor, as Lord Treasurer retained Hick's 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 349 

services. Hicks appeared to have possessed much 
financial ability, and his personal friends sought his 
aid and counsel in their pecuniary difficulties. He lent 
Bacon money in 1593, and between that year and 1608 
Bacon sent him several appeals for further loans. Hicks 
proved a friendly creditor. Bacon invariably wrote to 
him in amicable terms, and urged him to preserve good 
relations between himself and Sir Robert Cecil. To 
Fulke Greville, another friend, Hicks also rendered like 
services. Hicks was wealthy enough to purchase two 
estates : Beverstone, Gloucestershire, and Ruckholt. 
The latter, which he acquired of a stepson about 
1598, he made his chief home. He entertained 
James I. there, on i6th June, 1604, and on 6th August 
the King knighted him at Theobalds. On 17th May, 
1603, he became Receiver-General for the County of 
Middlesex, but seems to have surrendered the post on 
I2th July, 1604. In June, 1604, he was granted the site 
and demesne of the priory of Lenton, Nottinghamshire. 
He died at Ruckholt 15th August, 1612, and was buried 
in the chancel of the neighbouring church of Ley ton, 
where an elaborate monument in alabaster, with 
recumbent figures of himself (in full armour) and of his 
widow was erected to his memory. Hick's house at 
Ruckholt was demolished in 1757. According to Wotton, 
Hicks was well skilled in philological learning, and had 
read over the polite Roman historians and moralists, out 
of which authors he made large collections, especially 
of the moral and wise sentences, out of which he filled 
divers paper books, still remaining in the family. An 
interesting letter from Hicks to the Earl of Shrewsbury 
about Raleigh's trial in 1603, appears in Lodge's 
* Illustrations,' iii., 214. 



35^ HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

*' Hicks married in 1597 Elizabeth Colston, of Forest 
House, Waltham, widow of Henry Pervis or Parvish 
(said to be an Italian merchant), of Ruckholt. His eldest 
son William, to whom Burghley stood God-father, was 
educated at Trinity College, Cambridge ; was elected 
M.P. for Great Marlow in 1625 and 1640 ; was a sturdy 
royalist, and suffered six weeks' imprisonment for his 
action at the siege of Colchester in 1648. He died 
at Ruckholt on gth October, 1680, aged 84, having 
married Margaret, daughter of William Lord Paget. 
From his second son, Michael, descends the ninth and 
present Baronet, Sir Michael Edward Hicks-Beach, the 
well-known statesman." 

The following is the history of his youngest brother. 
Baptist ; of the second brother there is no record : — 

" Baptist inherited his father's business as a mercer. 
He was appointed, probably through Lord Burleigh's 
interest, mercer to King James I., and in 1607 received 
the honour of Knighthood. He gave great offence to 
the Aldermen by continuing his shop after receiving that 
distinction. It seems that it was the usage of the time 
to discontinue retail business on becoming a Knight. 
The defence was that he had taken no active part in his 
shop for two years, and was then seeking an opportunity 
to quit it. On the 12th November, 161 1, Sir Baptist 
Hicks was elected Alderman of Bread Street. In July, 
1620, he was created a Baronet, and in 1628 he was 
created Baron Hicks and Viscount Campden, with 
remainder, after his decease, to his son-in-law. Lord 
Noel. Probably no other shopkeeper was ever so 
rapidly advanced. His eldest daughter, Juliana, married 
Lord Noel, and from this marriage descend the Earl of 
Gainsborough and the Hon. and Rev. Baptist Noel. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 35 1 

"Through the marriage of Lord Noel's daughter with 
Viscount Chaworth, our great poet, Lord Byron, was a 
descendant of the Cheapside mercer. 

" Sir Baptist Hick's second daughter, Mary, married 
Sir Chas. Morrison, of Hertfordshire. Their descendants 
became connected with the families of the Earl of Essex. 

" Sir Baptist Hicks was a man of great public spirit and 
unbounded benevolence. He bequeathed large sums of 
money for charity and educational purposes, and at his 
own cost built the Session's House for Middlesex, long 
known as ' Hick's Hall.' 

** His monument is at the Church of Campden, in 
Gloucestershire." 

'* Samuel Keme or Kem, was born according to Keme, 
the Matricula in the City of London, became a Samuel, 
batler or commoner of Magdalen Hall ,in the beginning 
of October term 1621, aged 16 years, but how long he 
continued there I know not. Sure I am that a 
certain author tells us that * for those few weeks he 
wore a gown in Magdalen-hall Oxford he obtained a 
title of a most notorious lyar as ever wore long 
ears.' In 1624 he was elected demy of Magdalen 
college, at which time he said that he was born in 
Surry & that he was in the nineteenth year of his 
age. In that house he continued till after he was 
bachelor of arts & then taking holy orders "he had a 
cure bestowed on him. In 1636 the King being 
then in Oxon, he was actually created bachelor of 
divinity; about which time he became rector of the 
church at Oldbury, commonly called Albury near Ricot 
in Oxfordshire & a retainer, if I mistake not, to the 
family of Edward Wray of Ricot esq ; patron of the 



352 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

said church, by virtue of his marriage with Elizabeth, 
the daughter and heir of Francis lord Norris, earl 
of Berks. At the turn of the times in 1641, he put 
a curate into his living, sided with the rebels, took 
the covenant, was made chaplain to, and captain of, 
a troop of horse in the regiment of Basil earl of 
Denbigh, prayed and preached often to encourage the 
soldiers to fight, laid open to them the righteousness 
of their cause, preached against the King & his 
followers, and endeavoured to make them believe, 
that all that were about him, were papists, or at 
least popishly affected, * He was sometime chaplain 
at sea under the earl of Warwick, and minister of 
Deal ; & seems to have been the person to whom 
the following passage in * The History of the Troubles 
and Tryal of Archbishop Laud,' cap. 19. p. 210, 
belongs, viz. — * Aug. 20, 1643. Sunday in the afternoon 
one preached in the Tower-church, in a buff-coat 
and a scarf, but had a gown on. He told the people 
that they were all blessed that died in this cause 
with much more stuff. His name (that I then heard) 
was Kem, parson or vicar of Low-Layton, in Essex, 
and then chaplain of a troop of horse. At Reading 
it was usually reported of this Mr. Kem that he 
would preach in the morning & plunder in the after- 
noon, was looked upon as a saint in the pulpit, 
and a devil out of it.' 

" When any officer of the regiment was kill'd, he 
was ready to preach his funeral sermon, particularly 
that of Major Pinkney slain in the beginning of July 
1644, and was ready at all hours to do the like, 
provided the party died not a natural death. When 
he was with the said earl at Wolverhampton he 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 353 

preached twice there before his lordship as quarter- 
master general to Sir Tho. Middleton & within two 
hours after his last sermon he fell to practice on one of 
his brethren, & plundered a townsman to the value 
of ^^500, though the man was as notorious as any 
in Coventry, Banbury or Colchester, etc. This Keme 
was asked at Namptwich by a bricklayer, why the 
earl of Denbigh gave offence by wearing long hair ? 
To which he made answer (being then chief leader 
in cases of conscience) That to wear long hair was 
not against the rule, but to have it was the thing 
forbidden by the apostle, for truly (said he) if my 
lord should have long hair of his own, I hold myself 
bound to tell him of it, but that which his lordship 
wears, is not his own hair, and if S. Paul were in 
England, he would not mislike it, tho' it reached 
down as low as his knees. Such Levites as this 
Keme were Sprat and Lorkin, the two twins of Green- 
wich, where they libell'd & blasphemed every Sunday 
according to their talents. In Novem. the same year 
(1644) he went with his colonel, Basil earl of Denbigh, 
& the other commissioners, constituted by parliament, 
to treat with his majesty at Oxon for peace, where he, 
with great confidence, preached before them, & about 
that time was made a major, and became very active 
in several places within this kingdom to carry on the 
cause as well by fighting as preaching. Afterwards he 
took all oaths to keep what he had & to gain no 
more, took all advantages to rake and scrape what 
he could together, merely to satisfy his insatiable desire. 
The truth is, he was a man of a very servile 
spirit, a flatterer, a timeserver, an epicure, a letcher 
«a knight of the post' etc & yet was always a 



354 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

pretender to saintship. This major Kerne, when at 
Bath in the time of Oliver Cromwell, would go to 
Bristol, preach there with a buff- coat on, and over 
that a scarlet cloak, with a pistol on each side of 
him, lying on the cushion. After the restoration of 
King Charles II. he turned about, endeavouring to 
express his loyalty, took oaths again, as he had 
done when he took the academical degrees, & when 
he entered on the ministry, & all to keep his living 
of Albury, & the trade of eating & drinking. 

" He published several sermons, as follows (i) 
The Martialists Dignity; on Deut. 23, 14 — Printed 
1640, qu. (2) The Messenger's Preparation for 
an Address to the King, for a well - grounded 
peace, preached at Oxon, 24 Nov. 1644 before 
the Commissioners of both Kingdoms, the morn- 
ing before their presenting the Propositions to his 
Majesty ; on Esther 4, 16. Lond. 1644, qu. Dedi- 
cated to the said Commissioners. (3) The King 
of Kings his privy Marks for the Kingdoms 
Choice of new Members, etc, preached at Bristol at 
the Choice of new Burgesses of that City, 28 Feb. 
1645, on Prov. 10, ver. 10, 11. Lond. 1646, qu. 
The said city was then under the command of the 
parliament. (4) The Olive Branch, etc., on Thess, 
3, 16. Lond. 1647, qu. (5) Serm. on I. Cor. 13. 
ver. 14. Lond. 1647, 4^* This last with others 
which he hath published I have not yet seen. He 
died at Albury before mentioned on the 22nd of 
October in sixteen hundred and seventy & was two 
days after buried in the chancel of the church there 
near to an inscription, which he before had caused 
to be painted on the wall to the memory of Anne 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 355 

Ball only daughter of John Ball citizen & skinner of 
London, Jemimah Pelham, eldest daughter of Herbert 
Pelham, of Lincolnshire, and of Feriar's-court in Essex, 
esq. ; & of Mary Bridger second daughter of Samuel 
Bridger of Dursley in the county of Gloucester 
Which three women had been wives of him the said 
Samuel Keme, who at his death left behind him a 
young buxom widow, with whom he had a good 
portion, but left her nothing, as having spent all that 
he could get to satisfy his epicurism.*'* 

See registration of his sons' baptism, 1639, 1642, 
1645.1 

**Sir Thomas Lake, of Canons, County Middlesex Lake, 
(eldest son of Almaric Lake, of Southampton, and ^^^ Thomas. 
brother of Arthur Lake, Bishop of Bath and Wells), was 
born at Southampton, educated at Clare Hall, Oxford ; 
and afterwards taken into the service of Sir Francis 
Walsingham, Secretary of State, as his amanuensis. By 
this minister he was recommended to Queen Elizabeth to 
whom he read French and Latin. A little before her 
Majesty's death, she made him clerk of her signet and 
after her decease in 1603 he was deputed by the state in 
that capacity to attend James L from Berwick and inform 
him of the state of the Kingdom. That monarch soon 
after employed him in French affairs and knighted him 
May 20th, 1603. After Sir Robert Cecil (Salisbury), 
attained the administration of affairs, the Secretaryship 
of State was divided and Sir Thomas Lake was 
appointed one of the secretaries January 3rd, 1616, and 
so continued, says A. Wood, with honourable esteem of 
all men, till malice and revenge, two violent passions 

• Wood, Athena Oxoniinses. f Page 115. 



Edward 
Rowt 



356 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

overruling the weaker sex, concerning his wife and 
daughter involved him in their quarrel, the chief and only 
cause of his ruin. He was tried by the Star Chamber, 
February 13th, 1619, for calumnies against the Countess 
of Exeter, and committed to the Tower with his wife 
Mary and his daughter. He acknowledged his guilt, and 
was subsequently restored to favour 1620. He died 
September 17th, 1630.* 

" Sir Thomas married Mary, daughter and heiress of 
Sir William Ryther, Lord Mayor of London in 1600, and 
lord of the Manor of Ley ton." 

Mores, *' Edward Rowe Mores was descended by his mother 

from the family of Rowe of Higham Hill, Walthamstow, 
who had been settled there since the middle of the 
sixteenth century. 

" He was born at Tunstal in Kent, January 13th, 1730, 
where his father was Rector for 30 years. Educated at 
Merchant Taylors' School, he was admitted a Comm o 
at Queen's College, Oxford, June 24th, 1746; taking the 
degrees B.A., 1750, M.A. 1753; and was elected F.S.A. 

T752. 

** Of his daughter's education he was particularly 
careful ; from her earliest infancy he talked to her 
principally in Latin. He sent her to Rouen, to be 
educated, and was much displeased when he found she 
had been perverted to Romanism. 

'* He was the author and editor of a great number of 
learned works, chiefly of an antiquarian character. 

*^ He resided for some years in the Heralds' College, 
London, intending to have become a member of that 
Society, for which he was extremely well qualified ; but 

• See Appendix No. 6. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 357 

altering his plan he retired to Ley ton, where he had 
resided sometime before, and while he was Church- 
warden, considerably improved the Church. Here, on an 
estate left him by his father, he built the * whimsical 
construction,' called Etloe house ; on a plan it is said, 
of one in France. The Equitable Society for the 
assurance on lives and survivorship by annuities of ;^ioo, 
owes its existence to Mr. Mores. In consequence of 
some dispute he separated from the Society in 1768. 

" He was an eccentric character, and used to walk 
about in his academical habit, calling himself a Dominican 
friar. Among his singularities, he once insisted as 
Churchwarden on reading the service in Ley ton Church. 
Being cited before the Bishop's . visitation to settle his 
accounts; he replied 'that he came there for no other 
reason,' and would say nothing as to the irregularity. 
He died at Leyton, November 28th, 1778, aged 49, and 
was buried at Walthamstow. He left ready for the press, 
the history of his native parish, Tunstall in Kent, since 
published by Mr. Nichols, also great collections for a 
history of Oxford and Godstone nunnery, &c., &c. His 
books and MSS. were sold by auction. Mr. Gough 
bequeathed those he purchased to the Bodleian Library, 
Oxford. 

'* In the early part of his life he was possessed of great 
application, but in the latter part he gave himself to 
habits of dissipation which brought him to his early 
death." 

'* The Manor of Woodford, was in 1640 conveyed to Rome, 
one Sir Thomas Rowe, by William Acton. This Sir Sir Thomas. 
Thomas was buried in the Chancel of Woodford Church, 
November 8th, 1644; but the point of interest to us is 



358 HISTORY OF LEVTON. 

that he was born in Ley ton in 1580. In 1593 he was 
admitted to Magdalen College, Oxford, but left before 
finishing his studies, and became * body-esquier ' to 
Queen Elizabeth. 

" In 1604 he was Knighted, and soon afterwards sent 
by Henry, Prince of Wales, on a voyage of discovery to 
the West Indies. He sailed 100 miles up the Amazon. 
In 1614 he was sent by James I. on an embassy to the 
Great Mogul, from whose court he removed to that of 
the Grand Signior, where he procured very essential 
advantages for his countrymen.* He was afterwards 
employed in various negotiations to Poland, Denmark, 
and Germany. On his return he was made Chancellor 
of the Garter, and a member of the Privy Council. In 
1620 he represented the Borough of Chichester in 
Parliament, and in 1640 the University of Oxford." 

He published several works, and that which should be 
of interest to every Christian is, that it was he who 
brought over to this country the famous Alexandrian MS. 
of the New Testament. For all his works he was nobly 
rewarded, for he died a royal creditor. The King owed 
him ^^6,720, of which ;^3,500 had been owing for fourteen 
years, for two diamonds sold on the credit system to His 
Majesty. 

Strange, ** Sir John Strange, an able lawyer, was born in London 

*^ J^ »• jj^ 1696, according to the Enghsh inscription in Ley ton 
Church, where he was buried ; but the Latin one says 
that he was only forty-nine years old at his death in 
1754, and consequently must have been born in 1705. 
We are rather inclined to think the first date the correct 

* In the article of agreement between the Company and himself his salary is 
fixed at ;f6oo a year, with an allowance for a *• preacher " £50, a " chirargeon " 
£2^ ; also £so ** for the liveries of his followers.'* 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 359 

one. Having chosen the law as a profession, he arrived, 
by great natural abilities and unwearied application, at 
such eminence, that in 1735 he was appointed one of His 
Majesty's counsel learned in the law, and in the following 
year Solicitor-General. While in this office he was so 
highly esteemed by the citizens of London, that in 1739 
they chose him their Recorder. In 1742 he resigned 
these offices, and His Majesty, as a peculiar mark of his 
regard, honoured him with a patent, to take place for life 
next to the Attorney-General, and on January nth, 
1749, advanced him to the office of Master of the Rolls; 
the revenue of which, soon after his promotion, received 
from Parliament, unsought by him, a very considerable and 
honourable augmentation. He died May i8th, 1754, 
leaving behind him. the character of an able and 
upright lawyer, and a man of great personal virtues in 
private life. 

** Sir John Strange married Susan, eldest daughter and 
co-heir of Edward Strong, of Greenwich, in the county 
of Kent, Esq. She died in 1747, and was buried in the 
same vault with her husband in Leyton churchyard. 

** There are two monuments of Sir John, one inside the 
church and one outside, one inscribed in Latin and one 
in English. According to these he was * learned in the 
law. . . . Faithfully discharged all duties. . . . 
Ably fulfilled all stations. ... Conciliated the favour 
of his Sovereign & the esteem of his country. . . 
Great & amiable were the virtues of his private & 
domestic life. . . . He was dear to the remembrance 
of all who knew him, & an example of the constant per- 
formance of every religious duty to those that had not 
that happiness. . . He excelled as a Son, a Husband, a 
Father, a Brother, a Friend, a Master.' " si sic omnia ! 



360 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

Strype, ''John Strype was the son of John Strype or Van 

Strype, a native of Brabant, who, to escape religious 
persecution, came to England, and settled near London. 
His house was within sight of Count Gondamar's, the 
Ambassador of Spain to the Court of James I., and 
nearly opposite to that of Hans Jacobson, the King's 
jeweller. It was in a paved alley called * Strype's 
Court,' and was situate in Petticoat Lane. In later days 
the name was vulgarised into * Tripe's Yard.' It was 
originally in the Parish of Stepney, but subsequently 
annexed to that of Christ Church, Spitalfields. Here he 
carried on the business of a merchant and silk throwster* 
The son John was born in 1643. He was educated at 
St. Paul's School, and in 1662 entered Jesus College, 
Cambridge. He afterwards migrated to Catherine Hall, 
where he graduated B.A. in 1665 and M.A. in 1669. In 
the latter year he became curate of Theydon Bois, 
Essex, and soon afterwards curate and lecturer of this 
parish. He appears to have been chosen by the 
parishioners, the patron apparently allowing them to do 
so in consequence of the smallness of the income. He 
was never instituted or inducted, but in 1674 ^^ was 
licensed by the Bishop of London to preach and expound 
the word of God, and to perform the full office of priest 
and curate during the vacancy of the vicarage. In his 
latter years he obtained from Archbishop Tenison the 
sinecure of Tarring, Sussex, and he discharged the 
duties of lecturer at Hackney till 1724. When he 
became infirm he went to live with his son-in-law, Mr. 
Harris, an apothecary at Hackney, and died there 
December nth, 1737, at the age of 94." 

r Th^s " ^^^ founder of St. John's College, Oxford, was born 

at Reading in 1492. His father was a clothier at 



Sir Thomas, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 36 1 

Rickmansworth, but removed to Reading before Thomas 
was born. He was apprenticed to a merchant in 
London, and was Sherriff in 1546, and Lord Mayor 
in 1553, when he was Knighted by Queen Mary, for 
his services in preserving the peace of the City during 
the rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt. He died at 
Oxford in 1566. He was married twice, his second 
wife being Joan, daughter of John Lake, and widow of 
Sir Ralph Warren."* 

** Nicholas Wiseman Cardinal Roman Catholic Arch- Wisefnan, 
bishop of Westminster, was born at Seville in 1802. Cardinal. 
He was of a very ancient English family, trace- 
able as holders of estates in Essex in the time 
of Edward IV., one of them being Knighted by 
Henry VHI., and another made a baronet by 
Charles L After studying for eight years at the college 
of St. Cuthbert near Durham, he went in 1818 to Rome, 
and was one of the first members of the English College 
there. Created D.D. in 1824, ^^ soon after took holy 
orders, and became professor of Oriental languages in 
the University, and rector of the English College. At 
the same period he had gained some reputation as one of 
the few Oriental scholars of Europe by the publication 
of his ' Horae Syriacae.' After his return to England 
in 1835, he engaged in a controversy with Dr. Turton, 
afterwards Bishop of Ely, respecting the Eucharist. In 
1840, Dr. Wiseman was appointed coadjutor to Bishop 
Walsh, then vicar apostolic of the Midland district, and 
at the same time president of St; Mary's College, Oscott, 
near Birmingham. At that period he was deeply 
interested in the Tractarian movement at Oxford, which 

* See Appendix No. 5, and page 14. 



362 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

he zealously promoted, and from which he hoped more 
than he realised. He was censured for the unseemly 
haste with which he sought to make priests of the 
* distinguished converts.' " 

In 1849 he became vicar apostolic of the London 
district. In the following year he was summoned to 
Rome, and soon after Pius IX. issued an ** apostolical 
letter " re-establishing the hierarchy in England, and by a 
brief, named Dr. Wiseman Archbishop of Westminster. 
This was the celebrated '* Papal aggression " which raised 
such a storm in England, and led to the passing of a 
special act against the assumption of certain ecclesiastical 
titles. Dr. Wiseman was at the same time created 
Cardinal, being the seventh English Cardinal since the 
Reformation. He is said to have declared before his death 
that he never in his life had a doubt respecting any 
article of the Catholic Creed. No wonder that he failed to 
understand the times in which he lived. He died in 
1865, and was buried in the Roman Catholic Cemetery 
at Kensal Green. Previous to this he had lived for many 
years at Etloe House, in this parish. 




CHAPTER VIII. 



paridb 2>iari?. 



James Ballard inducted — George Aelmer inducted— An old Register— Liberty to 
eat flesh moderately — Permission to eat flesh — Presbyterian activity in Essex — 
Ordinance sanctioned — Communion cup— /"loo yearly to the Vicar — Repair of 
Parish Church— Declaring for the King — Great and extraordinary raynes — Dis- 
temper at Leyton— Cattel into Layton Marsh— Buried in woolen — Countess of 
Norwich buried in woolen — Also Sir Henry Capel — Silver cupe and challes— 
Buried in linen— The Watch house— Fines for cutting wood— Forsaking her child 
— ^The cracket bell — Refractory Overseers — It still continues — Widow Grooms — 
Preaching in the surplice — An old Leyton sermon — A poor Churchwarden— Inmate 
for Bedlam — Perambulation dinner costs too much — A setter — Turning King s 
evidence— Repairing church windows by the year — Who shall repair the bridge ? — 
A pretended cure— What are reasonable demands for a pretended cure ? — Posts in 
the narrow lane— Heavy rain— Reforming the Churchwardens— I^oor Palatines — 
— No reason for the Churchwarden to take new ropes away— Churchwardens and 
the boundary dinner— Four acres and no cow — A widow and her pies — A broken 
collar bone — A beadle to take up vagrants — Never to be burdensome any more — 
A sham robbery— Removing a neighbour's land marks— Choosing a lecturer — A 
strong box to hold wrightings — Beans and Bacon under Fairlop Oak, or the origin 
of Fairlop Fair — Harbouring beggars— Looking into matters— No more bell 
ringing— Avenue of trees— Ancient footpaths — Perambulation of the parish 
— A fence about the well— Reducing a broken leg— The Saints* bell— An 
impudent pauper — Search for a privateer — Stocks and whipping post — 
Hayward of the Manor — Increase of cottages — Fire engine necessary — 
Churchwardens' expences too much— Engine house to be erected — Handcuffs 
for the constables— Building the cage— Land for the cage — Stocks to be 
removed— A crowded Church— Prayer books— A field preacher— Price of things loo 
years ago— Boundary posts— Great distress— Fire engine worked in presence of the 
gentlemen— Frog Row — A troublesome style — The Church in mourning— Thomas 
Hector Spurrier, LL.B.— Malevolent Leytonians— High price of meat— Boys and 
other idle people— A disagreeable neighbour — The crib— Reeve — Dear bread — 
Unmarked bread — ^A cart for His Majesty's Dragoons — The cage — •* The Irish ques- 
tion " — ^The village pump— A thievish sexton — Patroles in the parish — Rules for the 
regulation of patroles— Census 1821 — Beer for the workhouse— Nightly depreda- 
tions — Prices of provisions 1828— A Tyburn ticket— Cholera — Census 1831 — What 
the night-watchman saw — The cage to be removed — Cholera — Census 1841 — 
Patriotic fund — Last of the cage — Tradesmen's tokens — Leyton no longer low — ^The 
first elected Local Board— Walthamstow Slip. 





^M& 


i 


JLvjpwPiw^ujta 



N looking through so large a number of books 
and parish records extending over centuries, 
it will easily be understood that there are 
many entries, both curious and interesting, 
that one would wish to chronicle, and yet finds difficult 



364 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1575- 
Ballard 
ittducied. 

1583. 

Aelmer 

inducted, 

1617. 

An old 

Reorister, 



1633. 

April 4^A. 

Liberty to 

eat flesh 

moderately. 



to classify under any particular head. I have, therefore, 
thrown the following extracts into the form of a diary, 
as the chronological order seemed the only one possible 
to observe. They are taken from fly-leaves of registers, 
Churchwardens' account books, Overseers' rate books, 
Vestry minute books, etc., etc., and are given ipsissima 
verba. 

I venture to remind any reader who may think there 
are some items unworthy of being recorded, that I have 
written not so much for antiquarians as for the parishioners 
of Leyton ; that our parish is large ; and that there may 
be many who would consider most interesting, the items 
he deems uninteresting. 

** James Ballard Vicar was Inducted into the 
Vicarage of Lay ton the xxth daye of Maye 1575." 

" The ffyste daye of July was George Aelmer Vicar 
Inducted into the Benefice of Layghton als Layton." 

**Note that all the buryalls that have been since the 
year 1575 unto this year 161 7 are to be found in an 
old Register booke belonging to this parish of Layton."* 

This note is apparently made by Michael Hunt, Vicar, 
who immediately afterwards spells Layton " Laighton." 

** Whereas Willm Johnson of the parish of Layton 
gent of the age of sevnty and seven yeares being subject 
to many infirmityes of body by reason whereof he for- 
bearinge of eating of flesh would endanger his life had 
liberty granted for the preservinge of life and soally for his 
owne [peace] to eat fleshe moderately for eight dayes . . . 
now forasmuch as his sayd weakness & infirmityes doth 
continue I think it fit the sayd liberty & licence of 



* This "old Roister," unfortunately, is not to be found. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



365 



eating fleshe moderately likewise continue untill he be 
restored & recovered. 

" In witness whereof I have hereunto sett my hand. 

'' Robt J Domvile 

Vic Lay ton 
John Hawson 

Church Warden.'^ 

" Whereas Elizabeth Johnson the wife of William 
Johnson of Layton in the County of Essex gent hath 
bene grievously with sickness these eight weekes last past, 
and even brought to the very point of death, but God of 
infinite goodness and mercie hath somewhat restored 
her from that great danger wherein she then was, so that 
if good care & obsarvance of Diet be taken & kept as 
by the counsell of the phesition is prescribed, her former 
health may be obtained : I therefore knowinge the 
premises to be true, & that the said Elizabeth is at this 
tyme very weak in bodie, do think it fitt that she doe eate 
flesh for the better recovery of her health and doe licence 
her so to do for the space of eight dayes now next ensuing. 

*' In witness hereof I have hereunto sett my hand the 
xxiiii th day of Februarie Anno Dom 1634. 

'' R: Domvile Vic 
** Quarto die mensis martii an°. Dm. 1634 

cum consensu vnius gardiani eiusdem parorchie." * 

" Jeffery Warburton 

Churchwarden.^* 

In May, 1646, a petition was presented to the Lords 
by the Ministers of Essex and Suffolk, urging them to a 
more speedy action in the organisation of the counties on 
the Presbyterian discipline. There were also petitions 



1634. 

Feb. 24M. 

Permission 

to eat flesh. 



1646. 

May. 

Presbyterian 

activity in 

Essex. 



* March 4th 1634. With the coocnrrence of one [a] guardian of the same parish. 



3^6 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

from other counties, and the result of the movement was 
that in June an *' ordinance was passed for the present 
without further delay, of the Presbyterial Government, in 
the County of Essex." 

The execution of this ordinance was a work of time. 
It was not till January that it was completed and received 
the sanction of Parliament as follows : — 
I 47. «< At tj^g Committee of Lords & Commons appointed 

Jan. list, g. , . 

Ordinance for the judging of Scandal, and approving the classes of 
sanctioned, the severall counties of England. 

** It is ordered by the said Committee, That the 
Ministers and Elders within named shall be fourteen 
Classes, in the County of Essex, according to the 
severall limits expressed, and shall make one Province. 
** Warwick Manchester 

William Masham Gilbert Gerard 

Martin Lumley Nath. Barnardiston 

Laurence Whitaker Francis Rouse 

William Purefoy Nath. Bacon." 

This ordinance was published as a quarto pamphlet, 
and printed for John Wright, at the ** King's Head," in 
the Old Bailey, 1648. The full title is as follows : — 

** The division of the County of Essex into several 
Classes, together with the names of the Ministers & 
others fit to be of each classis. Certified by the standing 
Committees of that County, & approved of by the 
Committee of Lords & Commons appointed by Ordinance 
of both Houses of Parliament for the judging of Scandal 
and approving the Classes in the several Counties of 
England." 

In this are the following entries concerning our own 
parish and neighbourhood : — 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 367 

" The First Classis, called Braintree, with the 
Liberty of Havering and Chafford Classis. 



Braintree Hundred. 


Ministers. 


Elders. 


West Ham ... M' 


Richard Allen ... 


.:. Robert Smith Esq. 
M. John Dickins Se 


East Ham ... M. 


Slaughter... • ... 


... Sir H. Holcroft Knt. 
M. Thos. Muskett 


Walthamstow ... M. 


Lee 


... M. William Miller 


Wansted ... M. 


Humphrey Maidissone 


... Sir. H. Mildmay Kt 


Layton 




Sir William Hicks 



Communion 
Cup. 



" The Seventh Classis, called Harlow and Waltham 
Classis. 

Waltham Hundred. Ministers. Elders. 

Chinckford ... M. Sam Toxey* ... M. Gunnerid 

M. Wallenger 

" There remaines of M*^ Daniell Andrews lait Church- 1653. 
warden Account in his hands the sum of sixteen shillings 
which sum was paid over to M*^ John Wright Church- 
warden on the 30**" of May 1653 & also a silver & gilt cup 
with a Kiver waighing 20 ouncsis & a quorter a greene 
cloth & a white one for the communion table & also 
one pueter Flagon." 

"The same day at a gennerall metteinge of the 1656. 
parrishoners of this parish it is aggreed that M*^ Philip ^P^^^ 7^*- 
Anderton our present Minester shalbe allowed the some i^ th 

of one hundered pounds yearely to begin from the 25'** of Vicar. 
March last past to bee paid halfe yearly that is to say the 
first payment at the feast of sainte Michele the Archangle 
next ensewinge the date abovsaid and to bee paid 
accordingly duringe the tyme of M' Anderton his aboade 
with us as our minester. And the said some of one 
hundered pound is to bee raissed out of the Augmentation 
smalle tithes free contanbutions and all other dues what- 

• Toxey, afterwards of Leyton. Foxi in Leyton Register. 



368 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

soever due to the said M' Anderton. In witnese hereof 
wee have sete to our hands. 

" WiHiam Bowyer Danel Andrewes 

John Wright Lawrence Moyer 

Thomas Woodfine Geo Swanley 

Thomas Haford 
Tho Jenery." 
1659. *<John Wood Churchwarden of ye Parish Church 

Parish ^^ ^^^ Layton is Credet for mony layd out for ye 
Ckurck. Repair of the Parish Church, vizt. 

May 2 By mony spent on y« joyner brick- 
layer & plasterer 0.3.6 

21 By mony ditto pd Conum for paint- 
ing . . . y^ Church as per his bill 7 • 15 • o 

Jun 10 By mony ditto pd Conyery y« 
plasterer for whiting y« Church & 
making y^ Commandments ... 16 . 10 . 10 

July 5 By nr.ony ditto pd for posts palls & 

. . . for y« Churchyard ... 6 . 17 . 6 

May 27 By mony ditto pd M' burrows for 

changing of y« bell and for steck- 

ing it wth y« wheele 8 . 12 . 2 

Aug 4 By mony ditto pd y« Smith for Iron 

work for y« pulpett o . 17 . o 

17 By mony ditto pd y« Glasier for ye 

church windows 6 . 14 . 9 

July II By mony ditto pd Andrew Crooke 

for a Church bible i. 7. 6 

By mony ditto pd y» plumer for 

Leading y« steeple 26 • 10 . 4 

Dec 10 By mony ditto pd Y« Joyner As 

per his bill 53 . 18 . i 

23 By mony ditto pd y« smith for 

Casments etts 5. 4. o 

Jan 10 By mony ditto pd M' birkhead for 

a vane for y« steeple & y« iron 

worke 6.7.6 

By mony ditto pd for An hower 

glase and for guilding it and y« 

iron frame o . 10 . o 

14.1 . 8 . 2 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 369 

After the dissolution of the Rump Parliament, and ^^^; 

the declaration of King Charles from Breda, the f ^f^^^ 

^ ' JOY the 

following declaration was presented to Lord General xing. 
Monk : — 

" Declaration and address of the Gentry of the 
County of Essex who have adhered to the King and 
suffered Imprisonment, or sequestration, during the late 
Troubles. 

** May it please your Excellency. 

''Wee the Gentlemen of the County of Essex, taking 
notice how industrious some pernitious and desperate 
persons have been to raise a jealousie, that all who 
adhered to the King have such a Settlement ot rancour 
and revenge in their hearts, against those who were of a 
different party, that the blessing of a firm & lasting Peace 
so long wisht for & now hoped to be in a near propinquity, 
is not likely to take its due & desired effect Have thought 
fit to express the true sence of our hearts in a Declaration 
which we have inclosed herein. Conceiving it very 
fitting, not to make the same more publique, till it hath 
first arrived at the view of your Excellency, whom God 
hath been pleased to make so signally eminent in the 
delivering of this Nation from those pressing miseries it 
hath so long lain panting & groaning under ; & for which, 
as we can never enough magnifie his mercy, so can we 
not sufficiently express that high Honour & respect which 
we retein in our hearts towards your Excellency, the 
great & worthy instrument he hath been pleased to make 
use of therein. 

** My Lord 
'* We subscribe ourselves, 
'' Chelmsford April 17. Your Excellencies most 

1660. Humble & Devoted Servants." 



370 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

"This was subscribed by the gentry, whose names are 
expressed under the subsequent Declaration, & 
superscribed : 

* To His Excellencie the Lord General Monck.' 

''The Declaration. 

** Whereas Almighty God hath raised this distracted 
Nation to some hopes of Re-settlement on Just, Known, and 
Lasting Foundations : We magnifie his mercy from the 
bottom of our hearts, and shall ever pay a most grateful 
acknowledgment to his Excellency the Lord Gen. Monck, 
as the signal Instrument of so great a Deliverance. 

** And whereas some pernicious and desperate Persons 
have laboured to raise a Jealousie, that those who 
adhered to the King do still in their hearts retein Revenge 
against such as were of a different Party; We think 
ourselves bound to declare to all the World (in the 
presence of God) that we do detest & abhorre all thoughts 
of Animosity or Revenge against any Party or Persons 
whatsoever. 

** For as we could wish the late Divisions had never 
been begotten, so we desire they may for ever be buryed, 
and shall think those Persons the greatest and common 
Enemies of our Country who shall offer to revive them. 
And we also declare. That we will thankfully submit and 
attend the Resolutions of the next ensuing Parliament, 
for a just and happy Settlement of Church & State, that 
so at last (by God's blessing) those odious marks of 
Sides & Parties may for ever be blotted out, and a perfect 
Union may again be restored to this distressed Nation. 

Edward Russel, Esq. Gamaliel Capel, Esq. 

Sir Henry Appleton, Baronet Anthony Browne Esq. 
Sir Benjamin Ayloff Baronet Charles Fytche Esq. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 37 1 

Sir Denner Strutt Baronet Thomas Argall Esq J 

Sir Humfrey Mildemay Knight* Stephen Smyth, Esq. 
Sir John Tirell, Knight Salter Herris, Esq. 

Sir Cranmer Herris, Knight Henry Pert, Esq. 

Sir Henry Wroth, Knight John Fanshaw, Esq. 

William AylofFe, Esq. Thomas Roberts, Esq. 

James Altham, Esq.f Richard Humfrey Esq. 

D' John Michaelson John Lynn Esq. 

Richard Symonds Esq. Anthony Kempson, Esq. 

William Bramston Esq. William Herris, Esq. 

Nicholas Serle John Brown, Gent. 

John Greene, Gent. John Vavasour, Gent. 

Edmund Coole, Gent. James Cookson Gent. 

" This Declaration & Address was agreed upon by 
the Subscribers at a General Meeting, at Chelmsford in 
Essex, April 17, 1660. Sir Benjamin Ayloffe, and Sir 
Edmond Peirce being then appointed & desired to present 
them to his Excellency, which was done accordingly at 
St James's, the ig'*" of the same month." 

" At a generall meeting of the prshioners of Lowe 1663. 
Leighton in the County of Essex having right of Comon J^j^ 3o^A. 
in the Comon mshes there on the 30 day of July in the ^^^^^ 

yeare 1663 ordimry 

** The said pishioners taking into their consideration raynes.** 
the impossibility of mowing & inning of the mowing 
grasse in the Comon marshes of the said pish by the 
usuall tyme of the first day of August next ensuing (in 
respect of the greate & extraordinary raynes wch have of 
late fallen whereby the sd marshes are at present under 
water) have thought fitt & for the better regulating of 
the Comon of pasture within the sd marsh Do order & 

• Of Wanstead. f Of Leyton. { Of Walthamstow. 



372 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1665. 
'* Distemper 
at Leyton," 

1671. 

Aug, i^tk, 

" Cattell 

into 
Lay ton 
Marshr 



appoint that no pson or psons whatsoever doo put in 
any Cattle to comon or feed in the sd marsh before the 
twentith day of August next and that all cattle wch 
shalbe put into the said marsh to feed or comon or be 
there found comoning or feeding before the said xx'^ day 
of August next shalbe taken as trespassing and impounded 
And that any such pson or psons as shall putt in or cause 
to be put in any manner of cattle to feed or cornon there 
before the said xx*^ of August next shall forfeit the sum 
of twenty shillings a head for any beast there found 
comoning & feeding before the sd day And y* Thomas 
Nash is hereby appointed y*" publique Reeve or Baliffe of 
the said Marsh to see this by Law duely put in Execution. 
** In witnes whereof we the Inhabitants of the same 
Prsh have hereunto subscribed our names the day & 

yeare first above written. 

" Rob* Smyth 
Richard Hopkins 
Thomas Hopkins." 
** the destemper was at Leyton. 
the Grange, 
the fane was blown down."* 

** I Gilbert Metcalf doe in the behalf of Chr: Jackson 
oft Waltham promise & ingaige unto the Inhabitants of 
Lowe Layton in the sum off" ffive pounds starlinge y* y* 
sayd Jackson shall nott after the date underwritten putt 
any Cattell into Layton Marsh by Accostomed way 

* I give this entry just as it stands. It is the only reference (except in Church- 
wardens' accounts for year 1665) which I have found to the Plague. No reference 
whatever is made to it in the " Register of Burials." The number of burials are as 
follows : — 

For the years 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 

II 19 29 20 26 

In 1665 there were 168 burials at West Ham in ten months, sixty-four being 
in October. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



373 



belonginge to Layton Marsh of Witness my hand this 
13 Augt 1671. 

'* Gilbert Metcalf/' 

** Received from M" Floyds not being buried in 1680. 
Woolen According to a late Act. the sum of two pounds ^ ' ^'^^^' 
ten shill : 2 . 10 . o.'' 



Buried in 
WooUnr 



*' Received of the Rt. Honble. Sir Henry Capell August yth. 

Executor to the Countess of Norwich deceased for not ^^^j^^l£ 

being buried in Woolen the sum of two pounds ten ''buried in 

1 Ml* ^ ,^ ^ >» woolen" 

shilhngs .... 2 . 10 . o. 



** Received of the s^ S' Henry Capell for his own 
account as a gift to the poore of the parish.... 2 . 10 . o." 

Then follows how distributed to poor. 

" Delivered to Master Nash a silver Cupe and Challes 
and 3 bookes and a black Cloth by me John Tabarham 
and received by me Thomas Nash Churchwarden. 

" Whereas Lawarence Moyer Esq was buried in linen 
contrary to the late Act I John Strype, and I Thomas 
Nash Churchwarden received Nov: 25. 1685 the sum of 
fifty shillings being the forfeiture thereof for the use of the 
poore of the parish which was accordingly disposed of by 
us. 

** John Slrype Minister 
The Mark of 
Thomas Q Nash." 

" At a vestrey holden May 16. 1691. Afternoon. It 
was agreed that a Watchhouse should be built at Leyton- 
stone in some convenient place as shal be judged by the 
neighbours which is concluded at the Vestrey to be neer 
the' Lane by John Sayer the Smiths house." 



Sir Henry 

Capel 

'*for his own 

account." 



1685. 

May 6th, 

** Silver cupe 

and 

Challesr 

Nov. 2^th. 

** Buried in 

linen." 



1691. 
May i6th. 
Watchhouse. 



374 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1692. 
March 24/A. 

Fines for 
cutting wood. 



July yd. 
*' Forsaking 
her chUdr 



** Whereas a letter was sent to me from ye forty day 
Court signed by Sir Eliab Harvey, M' John Wroth & 
M' Carey Mildmay, & fifteen shillings enclosed leved 
upon Wil: Jackson, Henry Jackson, & John Jackson for 
cutting Wood in Walwood, to be disposed to the poor of 
the parish of Low Ley ton, it was accordingly thus 
distributed by mee 





"Joh: Strype.'* 


To y* Widdow Jackson 


2.6 


To Geo: Wake 


2.0 


To Goody Lane 


2.6 


To Goody Francis 


2.0 


To Goody Knight 


2.0 


To Goodman Kensey 


2.0 


To Goodman Ball 


2.0 




IS . 



** At a Vestry holden on Sunday morning July 3, 
1692 Sir W. Hicks, Nath Tench Esq. M' Houblin, 
M^ Wolf M' Moyer, W°* Thorogood W°* Howard John 
Tabrum Churchwardens. Joh Strype Minister It was 
ordered y' y* Churchwardens and Overseer of y* poor 
repair to London forthwith to seek after Goody Reed, 
having intelligence where her habitation is, & having 
found her, to carry her to a Justice of peace, for leaving 
her child to this parish & running away : and to oblige 
her to take her child.'' 



'*At a Vestry holden at Church Sept: 30 It was 
agreed that the cracket bell should be new cast.* The 



1694. 

Sept, ^oth, 
'* The 

cracket bell " Casting, mending the Clapper and other Charges cost 
^10 . II . 9." 



* A bell now (1891) in the Tower bears the following hiscription : 
** Pbillipus Wightman me fecit 1694." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



375 



'* Copy of an Order from the Justice to Edw Dervill 
and William Wood, overseers of the poor of Low Layton 
parish viz. 

'* To the Overseers of the poor of the parish of Low 
Layton in the said County. 

** Upon complaint made unto me by George 
Hockenhull gent your Churchwarden that Jane Sneed 
being a distempered woman and having a child are 
in a miserable condition and ought to be taken in 
amongst your pensioners for a weekly relief. These are 
therefore in His Majestys name to Charge and require 
you forthwith to enter the names of the said Jane Sneed & 
her Child into your poor book & give them such weekly 
relief as your said Churchwarden & the rest of the 
Inhabitants of your parish att your next vestry shall 
think necessar)% pursuant to the late act of parliament 
made tor the settlement of the poor &c and hereof fail 
not at your peril given under my hand and scale this 
. . . . day of X b anno Dom 1694. 

*' Godfry Woodward.'* 

**At a Vestry Holden i6th x b 94 att Church, prest. 
Sir W" Hickes G. H. [George Hockenhull] m' Barnard 
M*^ Strype Minister, Thorogood. Sawyer. Ed Dervill & 
W™ Wood the overseers of the poor. 

** The order of the Justice (as per other side) was read 
by G. H. Churchwarden to the Vestry after which he 
desired W™ Wood one of the overseers to take itt and 
perform the order butt he refused itt and told the 
Vestry he would not trouble his head about itt, and 
scornfully went out of the Church, the other overseer 
Dirvill at last was persuaded to take itt but nothing was 
done with Jane att that time tho' the Vestry was very 



1694. 
Refractory 
Overseers^ 



It stilt 
continues. 



376 



HISTORY OF LEYTON, 



1695. 

Feb. ijth. 

Widow 

Grooms, 



1696. 
An old 
Ley ton 
sermon. 



April yth. 
Preaching 

in the 
surplice. 



willing to allow a weekly relief according to the order, 
had the overseers demanded itt of them." 

^* At a vestry Holden at Church present Sir W"" 
Hickes m' moyer m' Strype.Vicor m' nicoldes W°* Bull 
M' HockenhuU & W° Thorogood Churchwardn it was 
Agreed that W" Thorogood should bury the widow 
Grooms and Sell hur goods which he did 

the goods being sold did amount to 4.7.5 

funeral charges Kings dues selling goods and 

paying of debts 4.2.8 

0.4.9 
four shillings & nine penes is discounted with the parish." 

The title page of a sermon published by Mr. Strype 
is here given : — 

** David and Saul. 

a 

Sermon 

Preached on the day of the 

National Thanksgiving 

For God's gracious Deliverance of 

The King's Majesty 

From an 

Assassination 

and the 

Kingdom from a French Invasion. 



By John Strype, M.A. Vicar of Low Leyton in Essex. 

London : 
Printed for B. Aylmer at the three Pigions in Cornhil 

1696." 
** Yesterday (says a writer of a letter in 1696) I saw in 
Low Leighton Church, that, which to my remembrance 
I never did see in a Church in England but once, & that 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



377 



is- a minister preach in a surplice for M' Harrison 
(whereas other ministers on Fast-days do not so much as 
wear any surplice), he, by way of supererogation, preached 
in his. The sight did stir up in me more of pity than of 
anger to see the folly of the man ; but if he preach in a 
fool's coat we will go & hear him," 

**At a Vestry holden on Sunday May i" i6g8 Edward 
Darvil complaining of his inability to serve y** Office of 
Churchwarden by reason of his Poverty, he was excused 
and discharged, & the Vestry considering that the house 
where Sir Rowland Ainsworth Knt now dwelleth had 
served at other offices but y' of Churchwarden, did unani- 
mously elect him Churchwarden y® year ensuing," 

** At a Vestry holden June 5 — That John Kendrick 
be carried to Bedlam." 

"At a Vestry holden Oct30.-T-Whereasan antientOrder 
was made to allow five pounds for the perambulation dinner 
and no more ; and these Dinners have generally exceeded 
it, it is agreed and ordered that hereafter no more shall be 
allowed than the said sum of five pounds, if any excess 
the Churchwarden to bear the Charge himself." 

** At a Vestry held in y® Church — Information being 
made to y® Minister & Officers of y* Parish y' Jane 
Jackson y® wife of Christopher Jackson was a setter in 
several late Robberies in this Parish & particularly in the 
house of Goody Kenrey, where she was present with one 
Denys executed (as he confessed a few days before his 
execution) of M' Strype y* Vicar & M' Hughes Besides 
y® Robbery of M^'' Laws of Woodford it was ordered y* 
y® said Informer named Tho Cook should be rewarded 
with 10 shill & be further encouraged according to the 
discoveries he should make. 



1698. 

May ist, 

A poor 

Church' 

warden. 



June sth. 

Inmate for 

Bedlam. 

1699. 
Perambu- 
lation dinner 
costs too 
much. 



1700. 

Dec, i^th. 

A setter. 



378 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1700. 

Du. 22nd. 

Turning 

King's 

evidence , 



1702. 

April 16th. 

Repairing 

church 

windows 

by the year, 

1703. 

Sept. 24M. 

Who shall 

repair the 

bridge ? 



** It was then ordered that Leicester and another 
accompanying him to Chelmsford, to one John Turner 
condemned, formerly a lodger at the said Jacksons, 
should have 15 sh allowed for y* bearing of their 
charges. 

*' It was then further aggreed & ordered y' a Reward 
of $£ shal be payd by the Churchwarden for y* Time to 
him y* shal discover & take any Person in any Robbery 
in y* Parish so as he may be prosecuted & found guilty 
y' Fellony or Burglury." 

** At a Vestry holden at y® Church — Whereas one Ja 
Mitcham now in Newgate lately a Lodger at Chrs 
Jackson hath sent to offer to be an Evidence against y® 
said Jackson's wife for being concerned in certain Rob- 
beries, it is ordered y' M' Wood y® Churchwarden shal 
go to him to Morrow being Monday to se w' Evidence he 
can give, and his Charges to be allowed." 

'* It is agreed between M' King & y* Vestry y' he shall 
be allowed yearly 10 sh to put & Keep in good & sufficient 
repair y* Churchwindows, beginning from this 16*** day 
of April." 

** Memorandum, that the Wooden Bridge lying cros 
the Road at Holloway Down in Leytonstone High way, 
being decayed : the Surveyors of the Highways for the 
Parish of Wansted Ann 1703 pretended that this Parish 
of Low Leyton, was bound to join in the repair 
thereof, thereupon Mr. Peter Godfrey Surveyor of 
Wansted had some discourse with Fisher Tench Esq 
Surveyer of Low Leyton about it, requiring him to 
assist in making a Brick Arch where the . . . used 
to ly. For the examination and Decision of this matter, 
there met at the Green man in Leytonstone Sep: 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 379 

24 1703. Will Palmer Esq and the said Fisher 
Tench Esq Justices of the Peace and the said M' 
Peter Godfrey, & M'' Merry, Surveyers of Wansted, 
and M' Henry Mills the other Surveyer of Leyton 
Parish and the respective Ministers of each Parish, 
with divers other Inhabitants of the same. Where 
proved evidently that the Place to be repaired lay in 
Wansted Parish, and that the Carpenters work of the 
Bridge there had been divers times done there by the 
Surveyers of Wansted, never by those of Leyton. And 
among the rest of the Proofs in behalf of this Parish M' 
Strype the Minister of Low Leyton produced an authentic 
Paper of an loo years past wanting only two years, 
which was writ by one Dawson an antient man in these 
Words. 

*' * The Bridge beyond Ruccolds being in the way as 
they go to Stratford is in Wansted Parish : and the 
Bridge which is between Leytonstone and Stratford 
is in Wansted Parish. For I have known it this 
threescore years : & it is about forty years since I 
dwelt at Ruccolds. This I speak of mine own knowledge.' 

** On the back side of this paper is writ by the hands 
of Sir Michael Hicks Kt (whose hand the said M' 
Strype very wel knew) as follows, ^ i6og Goodman 
Dawsons Testimony of Wansted Parish ought to mend 
the way betwixt Ruckholts and Stratford Langthorne.' 

" The result was that the Surveyers of Wansted were 
satisfied that the said Bridge lay upon them to make 
good & that two of the said Justices of the Peace to 
whom the Decision of the matter was left, did declare their 
Judgment according to the evidence given, that the Parish 
of Wansted were to take care of the Repair of the aforesaid 
Bridge at Holloway Down, as some years before, the 



38o 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1707. 

May yth, 

A pretended 

cure. 

Oct. yd. 

What are 

reasonable 

demands for 

a pretended 

cure ? 



Dec. 26tk. 

Posts in 

the narrow 

lane. 



1709. 

July lyth. 

Heavy rain. 



1709. 
May 11th. 
Reforming 
the Church- 
wardens. 



Surveyers of Wansted M' Cook & M^ Jones had repaired 
the Bridge in the road at the end of Sir Harry Hicks 
Warren, leading to Stratford. 

"John Strype Vic 
Edward Darvell Churchwarden.^' 

'* At a Vestry holden at the Robin Hood. Whereas 
one Hedges sent in a Bil amounting to 7 . 14 . i for a 
pretended cure upon Rob Nicolas, the Vestry think it 
ver}' unreasonable and do refer it to another Vestry." 

** At a Vestry Meeting holden at the Robin Hood. 
Whereas John Davis Churchwarden did promise D' 
Hedges to pay him for the cure of Rob Nichols, the 
Parish at this Vestry did appoint M' Tench to satisfy 
the said Hedges if his demands were reasonable : other- 
wise to empower the said John Davis to dispute the 
Charges with him at the Law, & to bear his Charges in 
so doing." 

** St. Stephens Day, at a Vestry. It is agreed at 
this Vestry y' there shall be posts set up in y® Narrow of 
y® lane leading by y® Bowling Green to the Marsh to stop 
Carts from going through y® Marsh & spoiling the land." 

'* At a Vestry It was agreed of that Low Leighton 
Marsh by the reason of the wettness of the whether that 
people could nott gett out their Crops by the i" of August 
being the usual time tow tern [to turn] in Cattell it was 
ordered that noe Cattell should be terned in tell the 15*** 
of August." 

*' At a Vestry holden for looking over Parish Accounts 
and Rating a Poors Rate : It is allowed for y* Expenses 
of y* Churchwardens y*" first Visitation 25 sh & no more : 
the second Visitation 10 sh & on mofe. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



381 



" It is agreed y* y® Churchwardens shal expressly 
mention in their Rates how many Prayer Books & Pro- 
clamations they receive from y® Archdeacons Court & w' 
they pay for y". 

''It is agreed w" there is no Perambulation of y® 
Bounds there shall be no expence upon the Parish for 
Treat or Dinner. 

" It is ordered y* y® Mony collected at Communions, 
y* sum collected shal be entered down in y" Parish Book, 
and how and to w^ it shal be from time to time disposed. 

'* M*^ Pearson y® Churchwarden is to give account to 
the Parish of monies received for Burials in y® Church 
according to antient custom : it being a Noble for a man 
or woman grown of y® Parish, a Mark for any brought 
out of some other Parish : & ten Groats for one under 
twelve years old." 

" At a Vestry holden after Morning Sermon. It being 
propounded to y** Parish to take in two Families of 
y* Poor Palatines this winter at present lying in cold 
Tents in Blackheath, with the Allowance of ^£ for every 
head, w^** y* State hath promised to give : y® Parish did 
unanimously consent thereto : And Cottages are forthwith 
to be procured for them out of y* mony." 

** At a Vestry holden at the Warrenhouse." After the 
entry of the Churchwardens accounts is the following : — 

*' To be deducted for new Bellrope 14® when there 
was no need of the Churchwarden taking good Ropes 
away." 

"Ordered at this Vestry. Whereas not withstanding 
divers orders of Vestry to the Contrary, the Churchwar- 
dens have gone the Bounds of the Parish, and made 
Chargeable Dinners it is therefore ordered that the afore- 



1709. 

Sept. ^th. 

Poor 
Palatines. 



1710. 
May 12th. 
No need for 
the Church- 
warden to 
take new 
ropes away. 

May 15th, 

Church- 
wardens and 
the boundary 
dinner. 



382 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1710. 
Dec. 2,6th, 
Four acres 
and no cow 



1713. 

A widow 

and her pies. 



1717. 

June yd, 

A broken 

collar bone. 



1718. 

Oct. 2yth, 

A beadle to 

take up 

vagrants. 



said Orders shal remain in force. And if any Church- 
wardens for the F*uture shal offend in this kind the 
Expenses shall not be allowed by the Parish. And it is 
further ordered that no Churchwardens shal go the 
Bounds and put the Parish to any Charge of a Dinner 
without the consent of the Vestry before obtained. And 
according to former Orders of Vestry the sum shal at no 
Time exceed 5£. 

" No Churchwarden without the Order of Vestry, to 
lay out in Reparation of the Church or Churchyard above 
40 sh nor any new Work on any pretence whatsoever." 

** At a Vestrey holden on St. Stephen's day. Ordered 
by this & a former Vestry y' y* Parish Officers do prose- 
cute Will Brown of Walthamstow for erecting a Cottage 
neer Knight's Green* in Low Leyton without y® leave of 
y* Parish, there being not four acres of Land laid to it : 
And Warning given him to the contrary." 

** At a Vestry holden at the Coach & Horses at M' 
Bridges in Leytonstone The Widow Jackson hath 
desired the Parish to lay her in one load of Faggots for 
her Oven in order to her baking cakes and pyes for her 
subsistence which they have consented to, and allowed 
her. " 

" At a Vestry held at y* Widdow Goads Coffee House. 
Francis Wise having broke his Collar bone in M' Woods 
Service by loading of Timber y® Parish allow his Surgeon 
30 sh & 10 sh to himself in consideration of his sickness 
and loss of time." 

** At a Vestry holden at the Coffe house M" Goads. 
It is agreed that Robert Snow shall be employed & 
empowered as a Beadle of this Parish for examining and 

• Probably so called from "Knight the Wheelwright." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



383 



searching after Inmates, & taking up of vagrants, and 
other who likely to be chargable to this Parish, and for 
his trouble and care herein he shall be paid five pounds 
per annum at half yearly payments, the first payment to 
commence from Michaelmas last past, which said five 
pounds shall be paid by the Churchwarden, for time 
being ; & it is further agreed that the said Robert Snow 
shall take especial care that all persons inhabiting in this 
Parish and are likely to be chargable shall produce 
certificates to indemnify the same, and where such 
certificates cannot be had, then he give notice to a 
Justice of Peace in Order to have all such persons as 
aforesaid be removed or otherwise to be dealt with as the 
Law Requireth." 

**At a Vestry holden at the 3 Tuns, Leytonstone. 
Mary Elfick a poor woman came to this Vestry & 
pretended herself an Inhabitant now with 2 children. 
Upon her request to get her Goods from pawn, which she 
lay in, do allow her 35 sh: with solemn promise never to 
be burthensome any more." 

*' On Sunday the 6*** of January a Vestry was called 
in the Church by the request of M' Gansel to consult 
how the 23 shillings Rated by the bench of Justices, for 
our Quota for defending a Sham Robery as appears by 
an Order from them bearing date the 24*^ of October 
1722. It was then agreed on that the Churchwarden 
should pay it and charge it in his ace*- " 

** Whereas certain Persons assembled as Inhabitants 
of y® Parish of Walthamstow had lately taken upon them 
to remove and throw down a stone y* was placed by y® 
Parishoners of Leyton divers years ago, and there 
remained, for a mark of y® antient Boundary of y® said 



1721. 

June i6tk, 

" Never 

to be 

burthensome 

any more," 



1723. 

Jan. 6th. 

A sham 

robbery. 



August. 

Removing a 

neighbour's 

landmarks. 



384 HISTORY OF LETTON. 

Parish of Leyton, neer y" dwelling House of John 
Philips Esq, but on y" other side of y* way: And after 
several attempts to fix a new pretended Boundary in 
different places by making several Crosses at several 
Times on y* Brickwal before y* said House ; did at 
length without y* least Appearance of Reason or Justice* 
set a new mark upon y* said Wal: The true Bounds 
there beginning w***in two Feet & a Half of y** end of y^ 
said Wal next y*" Bowling Green, where a Markstone is 
placed, and stretching forth seventy Yards and one Foot 
Northwards, y* is to y** end of y** said M' Philipps 
Brewhouse. 

^* Now we y*' Minister, Churchwardens & Inhabitants 
of y® said Parish of Leyton at a public Meeting in Vestry 
do resolve & order y* y' said Markstone be refixed into y* 
place from whence it was so removed & y' y® said new 
mark be taken out of y* said Wal, or otherwise defaced. 

" And we further resolve & declare, y' we wil defend 
and maintain al our just and antient Marks & Boundaries 
there and elsewhere against any Pretence or Innovations 
w'soever." 

1723- ** At a public Vestry held in y* Church of this Parish 

Sept. jsth. q£ Leyton Sept. 15. 1723 for y® choosing of y^ Lecturer 
Ucturer. ^^^ V"" ^^^^ Parish in y* Room of y** Rev** M' Charles 
Young giving notice to resign y* same Lecture at or 
about Michaelmas next M' Floyd & M' David Capon 
were Candidates to succede in preaching y® said Lecture; 
And y* Parishoners to y® number of 91 gave their 
several votes & a Majority of 25 votes fel to M^ Capon. 
And he was accordingly declared Lecturer." * 

• Mr. Capon was buried at Leyton, July 6th, 1751. He was Curate to Mr. 
John Strype, who became Vicar in 1669 and died in 1737. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



385 



'* It was ordered that a strong box with a lock and 
key be bought by y® Churchwarden and be delivered to 
M' Strype and the Minister for the time being together 
with all certificates wrightings and papers anyways 
relating to the conserns of this parish in order that they 
may be safely kept and preserved and ready to be pro- 
duced whenever it shall be found necessary to require the 
same and that M' Strype be desired to make an abstract 
of the said certificates wrightings and papers from time 
to time as the same shall come to his hands and deliver 
a fayer copey thereof to the Churchwarden for the time 
being who is required to enter the same into the Parish 
book yearley." 

" Fairiop Oak was of such great age that, as Mr. Gilpin 
says, ' the traditions of the country trace it half way up 
the Christian era.' The trunk measured thirty-six feet 
in girth, and the branches spread over an area 300 feet 
in circumference. Under this oak a fair was long 
annually held on the first Friday in July ; it was founded 
by one Daniel Day, a block and pump maker of 
Wapping, who died on the 19th of July, 1767, aged 84. 
About 150 years ago he commenced the practice of 
dining with his friends annually beneath the shade of this 
monarch of the forest, on beans and bacon. For several 
years before the death of the benevolent, though eccentric 
founder of this fair and public bean-feast, the pump and 
block-makers of Wapping, to the number of thirty or 
forty, went annually to the fair in a boat,* made like an 
Indian canoe of one piece of timber. In the course of 
time other parties were formed in London, and suttling 
booths were erected for their accommodation ; these con- 
tinued to increase, till in 1725 the place assumed the 
appearance of a regular fair. Great care was taken to 



1724. 

June ^th. 
A strongbox 

to hold 
* wrightings ' 



1725. 

Beans afui 

bacon under 

Fairiop 

Oaky or 

the origin of 

Fairiop 

Fair, 



AA 



386 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

preserve this venerable oak, but in 1805 it was accidentally 
set on fire. The trunk was considerably injured, and 
most of the principal branches wholly destroyed. The 
work of decay went gradually on until the grand old oak 
was blown down in a violent gale in 1820. But although 
the oak was gone the fair continued to be held there, and, 
indeed, down to within the last few years the East 
Londoners used to flock there in crowds for their annual 
outing on the first Friday in July." 

" The remains of the Fairlop Oak were purchased by 
Mr. Seabrooke, the builder of St. Pancras Church, and 
both the magnificent pulpits of that church were formed 
out of it, and they are certainly the most beautiful of 
their kind to be met with." 

1725. '* Vestry held at Blois Coffee House. For as Much 

May yd. ^s sevrell persons with in this Parish inhabitance and 
^0irffll^ others, have from time to time harbered and suffred 
wandring persons beggars and others to reside upon 
there premises with out an order from the Justesis of the 
peace or the officers of the parish contrary to an Act of 
Parliament for that perpos mad and provided it is hereby 
ordered that no person persume to harber or 
lett reside upon there premises any such person 
or persons, with out an order from the Justuses 
or Officers of the parish, upon any pretence what 
so ever and it is farther ordered that if any 
person or persons, in contempt of this Order do harber 
or lett reside any such person or persons without an 
order as above, that such persons so harbering them 
shall and must be ansarable for all maner of expense and 
charge what so ever that may be caused by such persen 
or persons so harbored by them, and if the said person or 



Beggars. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



387 



persons so offending refuse to discharge all manner of 
Exspence, and charges what soever caused by the person 
or persons so harbered, it is hereby ordered that the 
Churchwardens for the time being do forth with prosicute, 
such offending persen or persons, as the Law shall direct 
and att the expence of the parish." 



^' At this Vestry the following Orders were made 



VIZ 



** That a Coffin & Shroud for a poor person cost but 8 
shillings and that the Bearers Have no more to Carry 
Him to Church then 2* 6*^. 

** That the Communion Wine be Explaned the 
Quantity. 

'* That no Hedghoggs nor poulcats be paid for. 

** That John Jenkins have the parish feild for 21 years 
from Michaelmas 1731 paste at three pounds fifteen 
shillings p year. 

** That the Church Warden in future do produce a 
written order for paying money by order of any Justice 
of the Peace." 

** At a Vestry held at the * Rose ' It was recomended to 
the Church Wardens y* y® Custome of allowing to y^ 
Ringers up on several Rejoicing Days be in future 
discontinued, as an unnecessary Expense upon y® Parish, 
which has no propper Ring of Bells belonging to it.*' 

Two Avenues of trees were planted this year : — 

(i). From the present Broadway to the Grange 
following the line of the Grange Park Road. 

(2). From a spot near the top of Crawley Road to 
the Church. 



1732. 
Oct. 16th. 

Looking into 
matters. 



1734- 
May i^th. 
No more bell 
ringing. 



1735- 

Avenue of 

Trees. 



388 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



737- 

Ancient foot 

paths. 



1743- 

Perambu- 

latum of the 

Parish. 



1745- 

May nth. 

A fence 

about the 

well. 



1751. 

May 13/A. 

^* Reducing a 

broken Leg.'* 



1754- 

May loth. 

The Saints' 

Bell. 



" It was desired in behalf of the inhabitants of 
Leytonstone — That a Survey may be made by order of 
Vestry of the ancient foot paths leading from thence to 
the Church. And that the same may be described and 
measured. Also the paths lately set out by S' Fisher 
Tench deceas** may be surveyed, described & 
measured. 

"That the right of the antient paths, may be 
ascertained in case the new paths be accepted for present 
use, and cannot be made sure to the parish. If the 
ground thro which the Path is now made belongs to 
persons that may have aright to; and do stop the said 
new Paths, That then the inhabitants of Leyton Stone 
may not lose their ancient paths to the Church. 

" Agreed that M' Read be desired to make the said 
survey and plan calling to his assistance whom the 
Churchwarden and he may think propper." 

'* The Perambulation of the Parish ordered to be 
only once in four years, and the expense not to 
exceed ^£.'^ 

** Vestry held at Workhouse. It was agreed to secure 
a fence about the place where the Poor draw water, and 
which being soft, is servicable to the Workhouse — 
opposite to the Church Yard." 

'* It was recommended by the Vestry that M' Lewis 
should pay M' Eyres his demand for reducing a 
Womans Leg in the Workhouse that was broke, and a 
Mans Ribbs in the house." 

** The Sexton is ordered to ring or cause to be rung 
the Saints' Bell fifteen minutes before Church 
begins." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



389 



'^ Ordered that M" Gibbon be sent to y^ Petty 
Sessions at Ilford in order to be punished if she applys 
to any Officer or abuses or affronts any gentleman in y® 
Parish, she having this day applyed for to be taken into 
y® Workhouse & y® Vestry have considered her, & think 
her well capable to get her living & that she has imposed 
on y* Parish in a very gross and impudent manner, & y® 
Constables be ordered to execute their duty accordingly." 

** At a Vestry Meeting — Ordered that M' Woods do 
give John Jikley one shilling to go in quest of a Privateer 
and if enterd then to provide him with a jacket trowser 
and check shirt." 

*• Ordered that Stocks & Whipping Post be erected 
forthwith near the * Lion & Key.' " 

" The Hay ward of y* Manor of Layton Grange having 
refused to mark y* cattle of many persons claiming right 
of commoning on y* Meadows, commonable on the first 
of Aug. He is directed by a meeting called for that 
purpose to mark those persons cattle who have been 
usually marked by him." 

" Ordered Davy to wait upon M' Ward the Attorney 
of Furnival's Inn to desire him to draw up a case to be 
laid before Counsel for an opinion how the great increase 
of cottages may be prevented in the parish of Leyton, & 
the case to be brought before the next vestry." 

** Vestry held at the Workhouse. A Fire engine 
having been thought very necessary in this parish, the 
gentlemen of this vestry are willing themselves to 
subscribe and desirous of recommending to the rest of the 
inhabitants a subscription for purchasing one, the parish 
to find a proper place for the reception of it, and to keep 
it in repair at their own expence." 



1765- 

March ist. 

An 
impudent 
pauper. 



Sept, 20th. 
Search for 
Privateer, 



Stocks and 

Whipping 

Post, 

1762. 

Aug, iSth, 

Hayward of 

the Manor. 



1765- 

July Sth. 

Increase of 

cottages. 



iy66, 

April yth. 

Fire engine 

necessary. 



390 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1767. 
Oct. sth. 
Church- 
wardens' 
expenses too 
much. 



1768. 
August ist. 

Engine 
House to be 

erected. 



1770. 
April 2nd, 
Handcuffs 

for the 
Constables. 



1773- 

June 6th. 

Building the 

Cage. 

Oct. ^th. 
Land for 
the Cage. 



^77 \' 

May 2nd. 

Stocks to be 

removed. 



*^ It appearing to this Vestry that y* expences of the 
Churchwardens going to Rumford having greatly 
increased of late, it is — Order' d that for y* future y* 
order of Vestry of Oct' 1743 be revised, to wit, That y' 
expence of y* Churchwarden going to Rumford shall be 
limit'd to twenty shillings, and not to exceed thirty 
shillings when the Minister accompany y* Church- 
warden." 

" Two estimates of y* expences for erecting an 
Engine House adjoining to y* Church Porch having been 
laid before this Vestry, it is y* opinion that y* building be 
finished agreeable thereto. And that two dozen leather 
buckets be bought for y* service of y* Engine, & hung up 
in y^ Church/' 

^* Ordered that there be two Pair of Handcuffs 
Provided for y* use of y* two Constables of this Parish, 
and regularly delivered over annually with staves to y* 
succeeding Constables.*' 

** Ordered the estimate for building the Cage as 
delivered in by Philip Munday at the sum of 15 . 13 . 8 
to be carryed into execution.*' 

** The land on which the shop of David Jones lately 
stood having been possessed by him unmolested upwards 
of Twenty years, & the said David Jones having become 
a pauper, and having surrendred the said land to this 
parish, this day in Vestry, resolved that the Cage shall 
be erected on the said land." 

'* Ordered that the stocks be removed from the road 
against y* Ministers to the back of the Cage near the 
Brewhouse, & that the door & window thereof be painted 
three times in oyls, and also that there be a strong new 
padlock put on y* said cage." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



391 



** Ordered — That the Churchwarden be desired to 
wait on M" Magers & M" Humberstone and represent to 
them that the Church is much crowded & many families 
distressed for want of seats, & as the pews they occupy 
are generally empty, to request that they will leave them 
open or unlocked for y® Churchwarden to accomodate 
such families in them as attend Divine Service &have no 
place to sit in, and that the Church" do take care to keep 
the pews empty when any of M" Mager's or M" 
Humberstone's family come.'' 

*' Agreed that a sum not exceeding three pound be 
expended by the Churchwardens in Common Prayer 
Books to be Distributed according to their Discretion 
amongst those children of the Parish who have been 
catechised and instructed by them during the last Lent." 

** Information having been given that a field preacher 
has been several times in this parish on a Sunday & hath 
preached to large congregations in the open air, it is 
ordered that the constables do attend, whenever he shall 
appear again, and take the name of the preacher if they 
can learn it, & also that they take the names of as many 
of the auditors as they can find out and lay information 
before some magistrate against the persons offending. 

** Tho Keighley Vicar Job Martin Ch: Warden. 

John Roebuck Overseer. P. Bertie 
S. Bosanquet* W"" Hanson 

Robert James Smith Humphrey 

Edw Wells." 



A crowded 
Church. 



1775- 

April 24M 

Prayer 

Books. 



1777- 
May ^th. 

Afield 
preacher. 



* I think this must be the brother of Miss Mary Bosanquet, " bom September 
I (O.S.) 1739 at Laytonstone, in Essex." Mvho joined the Methodists, and married 
the Rev: John Fletcher, of Madeley. November i2tli, 1781. Did the fact of her 
'* joining the Methodists " irritate her brother against the '* field preacher " ? 



392 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



I78I. 


The following is a list of 


articles with 


their pri 


The price of 
things 100 


supplied to the Workhouse in 


the year 1781 


' 


years ago. 


Men's Shoes different sizes ... 




5 . down to 4 . 3 




Boys* Strong plain from 


... 


3« 


6 


M 2.3 




Woman's Strong Shoes 


., 


3 









Girls' Brown Ran different sizes 




2 . 


10 


1.6 




Men's Yarn Stockings 


from 


I . 









Boys' do, 


from 


. 


10 


0.8 




Woman's Blues 


from 


I . 


2 


I .0 




MensHatts 


from 


2 . 





1.6 




Boys do. 


from 


I 


4 


I .0 




Mens Shirts 








4.0 




Boys do. in sizes 






.. 


2.9 




Woman's Shifts 








3.3 




Girls do. in sizes . . 






.. 


2.6 




Woman's Aprons 








2.0 




Girls do. in sizes 






.. 


I . 2 




Woman's & Girls Caps 






... 8. 


6 Dozen. 




Woman's Handk check for the nect. 




... 12 . 


„ 




Girls do 






... 7. 


„ 




Good Lancaster Sheetings ... 


.. 




... . 


10 yd. 




at 3 yards long xo . & 10 


. 4 a pair i 


ready made. 




GoodCamblet 


■ . . 




... 20 . 


Piece. 




Men's Woollen Night Caps ... 






.. 6. 


a dozen 




Pocket Handkerchiefs 






.. 6. 


a dozen. 




Stuff Gowns for Women 






... 9. 


6 each. 




Wo°» Second hand Quilted Coat 


... 




... 


6.6 




Wo"» New Linsey Woolsey Coat 








.. 15.6 




Girls do. 


in Sizes 


.. 3-6 




Girls Second hand Quilted Coat 








4.0 



1788. 

June 2nd, 

Boundary 

Posts. 



" Ordered the following posts to be put down in this 
parish, viz : 

'* I Post against the River Lea in the Marsh, being 
the boundary against Walthamstow parish, i At Mark 
House. I At the spot between the row of trees behind 
Leytonstone and the * Cain & Abel ' where there used to 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 393 

be a cross cut in the turf, if it can be found. M' Want 
remembers something about it. i Between the 
Wanstead road Woodford bridge road, where a Notch is 
cut in the turf and the tree, i Between the Woodford 
road & the spring by the Eagle pond, where a Notch is 
cut in the turf, i Between the spring & M*" Quarril's 
garden where there is a notch in the turf, which was not 
opened at the last time of going the bounds, i At the 
Oak tree in the Island at Shurbbage. i At the Oak 
tree." 

" At a Special Meeting ot the Parishioners of Ley ton 1789- 
assembled at the Workhouse 26^*" January 1789 to receive -^^^' ^^'** 
the report of the distribution of the Money subscribed Distress. 
for the relief of the Poor. It appeared that the sum of 
3.0.3 had been distributed in Bread & i . 10 . 11 in 
Meat to the Poor of Leytonstone consisting of ninety 
eight Families as by List produced & that 3 . 10 . o had 
been distributed in Bread & i . 12 . o in Meat & o . i . 2 
in Coals to the Poor of Leyton consisting of one hundred 
and eleven Families. The whole sum amounting to 
10 . 14 . 4. 

** That the Sum ot 63 . 10 . 6 had been in the whole 
subscribed and that a Balance remained in the hands of 
M*" Perkins the Churchwarden amounting to 52 . 16 . 2. 

** Resolved that the thanks of this Meeting be given 
to M' Lock, M*' Perkins & M' Rich*^ James for the very 
great trouble they have kindly taken in collecting the 
subscriptions and informing themselves by visiting the 
respective Families of the necessities of all the Poor. 

** Resolved that Twenty Pounds more be distributed 
in Bread to such objects as appear in want of further 
relief and that the remaining Balance be kept for future 
necessity. 



394 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1790. 

Oct. ^th. 

Fire Engine 

" Worked 

in presence 

of the 
Gentlenun" 

1791. 

May gth. 

Frog Row. 



1792. 
March 5/A. 
A trouble- 
some stUe, 



'' Resolved that M' Lock M' Perkins & M' R. James 
be requested to give further attention in this act of 
Charity." 

** The Parish Engine was ordered to be brought out 
the next Vestry and worked in the presence of the 
Gentlemen." 

** Resolved — That the thanks of this Vestry be given 
to John Pardoe Esqr. one of the lords of the Manor ol 
Leyton Grange & to Joshua Peart Esq' as the 
representative of the Mayor & six Aldermen of Lincoln 
the other lords of the Manor aforesaid for their very 
polite and generous behaviour to the Parish in having 
granted a licence to pull down all the houses in Frog 
Row & to lay the ground, whereon they stand, into the 
publick highway, altho' the said ground is copyhold. 
And the Rev*^ M' Keighly Vicar was requested to send 
the above Gentlemen a copy of this resolution." 

*' Representation having been made to this Vestry 
that a certain foot-path leading from a stile in the 
highway called James's lane in this parish, across some 
lands belonging to Sam* Bosanquet, William Masterman, 
and Philip Wakelin Esq" to another stile or gateway in the 
highway leading from the town of Leyton to Knott's 
Green and a certain other footpath leading from the first 
mentioned footpath to a stile in the town of Leyton 
opposite to a lane by the side of the Blacksmith's shop, 
are the scenes of many indecencies and irregularities which 
are committed therein owing to their retired and private 
situations, and that they are become nuisances to the 
neighbourhood ; it was proposed that consent be given to 
their being shut up ; which was accordingly granted by 
all the Inhabitants assembled at this Vestry." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



395 



'^ Ordered that the Church be hung in mourning at 
the expence of the Parish, as a Testimony of the high 
respect the Inhabitants of this Parish entertain for the 
memory of their late worthy Vicar, who filled that office 
for the space of 43 years," 

** Thomas Hector Spurrier LL.B of Worcester 
College in the University of Oxford, but resident and 
born at Walsall in the County of Stafford, was presented 
to the Vicarage of Layton in the County of Essex by his 
Father Thomas Spurrier of Walsall aforesaid, who 
purchased the Turn of Presentation from the Mayor & 
Corporation of the City of Lincoln, who with the 
Family of the Gansels have one turn in three in the 
Presentation. He was instituted to this Vicarage by 
Beilby Lord Bishop of London May 26'** 1797. Inducted 
by the Rev: John Whalley Officiating Minister at 
Laytonstone Chapel in Essex the 2y^ day of May. 
Read Prayers & declared Assent & Consent, read the 
Articles, Bishop's Certificate and made the proper 
declarations May 28'*"* Took the oaths in open Court at 
the General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the 
Borough of Walsall in the County of Stafford on the 
14*** day of July 1797 T. O. Chinnes Esq Mayor. 

NB. — The above entry was made on Sunday Feb ii*** 
1798 in the presence of us. 

Nath^ Troughton ' 
J. S. Salt 

'* Memorandum, Thomas Hector Spurrier, LL.B. 
inducted into the Vicarage of Leyton as by the next Page, 
finding his situation rendered so extremely unpleasant by 
the Malevolent Persecution of a few Individuals, and 
wishing to serve the cause of Religion, which he found 



Inhabitants." 



1797. 

May Sth. 
The Church 

in 
mourning. 



May 26th. 

Thomas 

Hector 

Spurrier, 

LL.B., 

Vicar. 



" Malevo- 
lent " 
Leytonians. 



39^ HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

impossible, while the minds of his Parishioners were so 
strongly, and unwarrantably prejudiced against him, did 
on the 15'^ of March 1800 voluntarily resign the above 
mentioned Vicarage of Leyton into the hands of Beilby, 
by divine permission Lord Bishop of London, at his 
Lordship's House in St. James' Square. 

Whether the Leytonians had a few ** Malevolent 
Persecutors " in their midst or not, is hard to say, but 
certainly they possessed a Vicar who could give them a 
malevolent stab, while entrenched in a coward's castle, 
as Thomas Hector Spurrier, LL.B of Worcester 
College, Oxford, doth testify in his own hand, writ 
large. 

Perhaps what appeared to the injured and suffering 
Thomas Hector Spurrier, LL.B of Worcester College, 
Oxford, ** malevolent persecution " might possibly have 
seemed to require another name, by some of his 
parishioners ; judging , from the following indubitable 
facts : — 

(i.) Thomas Hector Spurrier, LL.B. was presented 
to the living by his father who purchased the turn of 
presentation from the Mayor and Corporation of the City 
of Lincoln. 

(2.) He was charged with a horrible crime; and 
the chief witness mysteriously disappeared just before 
the case was called for trial at Chelmsford. 

1800. ** Ordered that in the consideration of the very high 

July ph, price of Meat, M' Dowsett be allowed 10 guineas over & 
of Mtli^^ above his bill for the Quarter passed & the one to come 

at Michaelmas — after which it may be expected meat 

will be cheaper." 



of Meat, 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 397 

** Notice having been taken that a Bonfire was made 1802. 
in the centre of the Roads opposite the ' Lion & Key ' ^^^ 3^^. 
on occasion of the late rejoicing, in consequence of which ^^^^ ^^^^ 
some accidents happened, and it being remarked that the people.** 
Boys and other idle people are accustomed to make Bon- 
fires in different parts of this Parish — ordered that the 
Constables be instructed to exert themselves to sup- 
press all Bonfires within this Parish on all public 
occasions & that the Magistrates be requested to 
afford their assistance in carrying this resolution into 
effect." 

*' M' Plumb having represented that he was attacked 1803. 
a few days ago by a Boar belonging to M' Shepherd in y^: ^ ' 
such a manner as to put him in- great danger of his life & ^^^^ 

that M' Shepherd had been repeatedly informed of the neighbour. 
vicious tendency of this animal & desired to get rid of 
him. Ordered that M*" Plumb be requested to indict M' 
Shepherd for keeping this animal & that the Parish will 
reimburse him the expenses of the prosecution unless M' 
Shepherd (having notice of this resolution) shall within 
two days either Kill the animal or send him out of the 
Parish." 



The Crib. 



** M' Alder having represented that the passage 1804. 
leading from the small houses behind the ' Green Man ' ^.'^^J^^,' 
called the Crib, between his house & M' Lears, to the 
lane going on to the Forest, is of no real use, but is a 
nuisance as affording a safe retreat for depredators on the 
property of the neighbours & having expressed his wish 
and that of M' Lear that the same may be allowed to be 
shut up. Resolved — That as far as this Vestry can judge 
there does not seem to be any objection on the part of the 
parish and in case it should not be disagreeable to Sir 



398 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1805. 

July ist. 

Reeve, 



Feb. ^ih. 
Dear Bread, 



1808. 
Sept, sth. 
Untnarked 

Bread. 

A Cart for 

His 
Majesty's 
Dragoons, 



1812. 
March 2nd, 
The Cage. 



1819. 
Jan. \th. 
^* The Irish 
Question:' 



James Tilney Long Bart, the ground proprietor of those 
houses the Inhabitants present do give their consent, as 
far as they have power so to do." 

" William Stuart of this parish Labourer having 
presented a petition praying to be appointed to the 
office of Reeve to the forest for this parish & appearing 
to be well recommended Ordered that he be recommended 
to the Forty day Court to be appointed accordingly." 

** Agreed to allow M" Curtis an additional Sixpence 
pr week for the maintenance of Ann Bickley's child for 
so long time as Bread shall be at or above the price of 
I shilling the Quartern loaf." 

** Received a fine of five shillings taken of J as. Grove 
by order of D' Glass, for exposing three loaves to sale not 
being marked with a Roman Letter W ordered to be 
added to the Bread fund." 

** Received of Adam Charlton of the Parish of 
Walthamstow i . 15 . o, a fine for not providing a Cart 
& Horses for conveying the Baggage belonging to his 
Majesty's 16*** Reg* of light Dragoons after deducting the 
Expences, by order of the Bench at Ilford." 

** It having been found necessary to build a cage or 
prison at Leytonstone, the same was taken into 
consideration & plans and estimates given in. When M' 
Wildsmith for the carpenters', smiths', painters' and 
masons' work & M"^ Munt for the bricklayers' work being 
found the lowest it was agreed that they should be 
employed to perform the same." 

** The Committee for employing the casual poor having 
represented to the Vestry the great burden brought by 
the continued introduction of new comers among the 
Labouring Irish which are taken into the employment of 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



399 



the occupiers of land in this Parish as farmers during the 
Spring and Summer months. 

" Resolved — That the Overseers be desired to write 
to those gentlemen, andrequire their particular attendance 
at the next Vestry to discuss the subject, and in the hope 
that they may be induced by friendly representation to 
put a stop to the evil above alluded, which will otherwise 
make some alteration in the mode of assessment on their 
lands absolutely necessary." 

" Application having been made for pay of 7 . o . o 
for repairs of a Pump opposite the ' Green Man ' at Ley- 
tonstone, it was the opinion of the Vestry it ought to be 
paid upon the present occasion, but should not form a 
precedent — the Vestry disclaiming the expense of main- 
taining any pumps/' 

" William Beard Sexton & Beadle stole the lead from 
a Coffin and sold it for 9/- but as he did it openly he was 
only reprimanded." 

*' At a Meeting of the Inhabitants of this Parish, 
holden this day in pursuance of notice for that purpose 
given in the Church and Chapel, the following Resolu- 
tions were entered into : — 

*^ Resolved — That it is expedient to establish Patroles 
in the Parish, for the protection of the Church Yard, and 
of the Inhabitants, during the Winter Season. 

"It appearing, on calculation, that a Sum, equal to 
the amount of a Nine-penny rate on the present Assess- 
ment for the Relief of the Poor (omitting those Assess- 
ments that are under Six Pounds) will be sufficient to 
meet the expence. 

** Resolved — That the Inhabitants be therefore recom- 
mended now to contribute in that proportion, for defraying 



1819. 

Dec. 6th. 

The Village 

Pump. 



1820. 

Dec. \th. 

A thievish 

Sexton. 

1821. 
Jan. loth. 
Patroles in 
the Parish. 



400 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

the expence, during the remainder of the present Season, 
and to provide Great Coats and the other necessary outfit. 

'* Resolved — That application be likewise made to such 
of the Inhabitants as are not chargeable to the Poor's 
Rate, to solicit their Contributions. 

** Resolved — That the following be the outlines of the 
Plan, subject to such modifications as may be found 
necessary. 

** I. That the Management be placed under the direc- 
tion of a Committee to be hereafter appointed. 

*• 2. That a Superintendant, or two Superintendants 
(one for Leyton, the other for Leytonstone), be appointed ; 
who are to be on Duty every night, under the direction of 
the Committee. 

" 3. That a sufficient number of Men be appointed as 
Patroles ; of whom eight shall be required to patrole each 
night, not in rotation, but as called upon by the Superin- 
tendant. 

"4. That each Superintendant be paid at the rate of 
one Guinea per Week, and each of the Patroles 2?. 6d. 
per Night, when on Duty. 

"5. That such of the Inhabitants as are hereby invited 
to contribute, be called upon, for the purpose of obtaining 
their concurrence and Signatures to these Resolutions. 

" Resolved — That Copies of the foregoing Resolutions 
be forthwith printed and circulated in the Parish, for the 
general information .of the Inhabitants. 

*' Resolved — That a Meeting of the Inhabitants be 
again holden at this place, on Saturday, the 20th of the 
present Month, for furthering the several objects of this 
meeting. 

^•CHARLES LAPRIMAUDAYE, Vicar, 

" Chairman.'^ 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 4OI 

** Rules for the regulation of the Watch for the 1821. 
Church-yard, and Patroles round the Village. Z^**- ^9^^- 

** I. The Captain of the Patrole to be at the Church ^J^Jtion of 
every evening by dark, there to place two Men, until the PatroUs. 
General Meeting at 9 o'clock — of all five men ; when 
four of them are to go out on Patrole, and one Man to 
remain in the Church- Yard and Porch. 

" 2. The Captain to take his turn on Patrole, the 
same as the others, and to be considered responsible to 
the committee, that each man strictly do his duty, 
or report of his conduct to the Committee, or one 
of them. 

** 3. The men to be entirely under the regulation of 
the Captain ; on refusal, either, or all of them, will be 
dismissed from this employment. 

** 4. The two men that are put on Duty at dark, are 
to be exchanged for the other two men the following 
Evening ; and after placing the Church- Yard Watch, the 
Captain may depart until Nine o'clock, at which time 
the Patrole duty is to commence, in the following order — 

**5. Two men to leave the Church- Yard at Nine 
o'clock, equipped with Great Coat, Rattle, and Sword, 
and to proceed together round the Poor House, by Mr. 
Gore's, Mr. Solly's, and pass all the Houses in Capworth 
Street, up to Leyton, turn round by Colee's, Andrew's 
&c: oa to the Lea Road, up to Mr. Rigg's, return round 
Knotts Green, through Le)'ton, on to Mr. Doxat's, then 
back to Mr. Laprimaudayes, and up to the Church. 

*'Two other men to leave the Church, at Nine 
o'clock also, and proceed together to the *Lion and Key': 
on to Mr. Doxat's, return back all through Leyton to the 
corner by Colee's, when one is to pass on to the Lea 
Road, the other Man to go round Knott's Green, and 

BB 



402 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

round the Lea Road, to meet at Mr. Copeland's, then 
proceed together down the Lea Road to Mr. Edward 
Warner's, and return — ^passing Mr. Solly's to the Church, 
where the four Men are expected to Meet within two 
Hours from commencing the Rout; unless, the 
performance of their duty occasions them to be longer. 
The Captain is directed to set them off again within 15 
minutes, to Patrole in the same order, always exchanging 
(on every return) one Man, to be in the Church- Yard, 
which man is directed to call the time of Night, every 
half Hour. 

'* 6. The Captain is to have a discretionary power to 
alter occasionally the line of Patrole, and to order them 
up Coopers Lane, and round the back Foot-paths, and 
ways. 

" 7. The Men are directed (after Twelve o'clock) to 
speak to any person they meet : Suspicious persons to 
be interrogated, as to where going, on what business, &c; 
If carrying a Bundle, Basket, or Bag, to request to see 
the contents ; And should any strong reason appear to 
suspect the contents to be stolen Property, Stop that and 
the party, and detain them in the Watch Station, for the 
examination of the Captain. 

" 8. Light one horse Carts, or any Carts, in 
doubtful Hours are to be well noticed, and, under 
Suspicious circumstances to be stopped, and searched. 

" 9. The time of quitting Duty in the morning, to be 
regulated and Ordered from Week to week, by the 
Captain, as the Committee shall direct — And the Men 
are to leave the great Coats, and other Equipments, 
always at the Church, in the care of the man, last on 
duty there. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



403 



*' 10. If either of the Men lose, break, or injuie, any 
of the Equipments belonging to the Committee, he will 
be expected to pay for the Damage, or be discharged, 
except done in the performance of his duty — And if any 
Man is found to stop in a Public, or other House or 
place, while on duty, he will be discharged." 

The inhabitants of Leyton, according to the Census 
taken May 28th, 182 1, were : — 



Inhabited Houses ... 
Families in them ... 
Houses building ... 
Houses uninhabited 



572 
676 

I 
35 



II n Agricul t ure 245 
In Trade, Manufacture, Handicrafts 239 



Otherwise 



Males 
Females 



Under 5 
5 to 10 
10 „ 15 
15 »» 20 
20 „ 30 

30 " 40 

40 ». 50 

50 „ 60 

60 „ 70 

70 „ 80 

80 „ 90 

90 „ 100 



1552 

1822 



192 



Total 3374 




Males. 


Females 


228 


255 


265 


242 


146 


193 


114 


148 


241 


345 


161 


230 


170 


180 


no 


"5 


78 


72 


34 


31 


5 


10 
I 


1552 


1822 



I82I. 
Census 



404 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

^827* The following is a return of the Table Beer consumed 

Seev for the 

Workhouse. ^" ^^^ Workhouse for the quarter ending Michaelmas, 
1827 : — 

Table Beer for Michas. Q^ 1827. 

Had in 22^ Barrels at 17/- 19 . 2 . 6 

Of which 40^ Gallons was retum'd & 

Creditedat ... 19.0 



Amount of Qrs. Bill 18 . 3 . 6 

*'The number of Heads for consuming the above 
averaged 32 including the Masters family — But 30 only 
may be called the regular daily average — the other two 
are made up as follows, viz. 

'*The Cook has extra Beer— per week 7 pints. 

" „ Washerwoman — Do 6 D^ 

** ,, One other at least on an average i D"* 



" 14 pints 
" per week is one persons allowance. 

" The loss in measuring out so large a quantity in 
pints, &c , is certainly one persons allowance — thus the 
32 Heads are made up. 

" The first delivery of Beer for the Quarter above 
stated was on the 5^** July 1827, from that time to the 
27^ Sept' following comprises a period of 12 Weeks. A 
Quart per day is one persons allowance, & 32 per day is 
56 Gallons per week —therefore 12 Weeks regular con- 
sumption at that rate is 672 Gallons. 

" The Stock in the Cellar on the Morning of the 28**" 
Sept' was 2 full barrels. Now the Quantity (being thus 
reduced from 22J Barrels to 20J B) contained in those 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



405 



20 J Barrels after deducting 40 J Gallons that was return'd 

and credited is 697 Gallons* 

^' Allow for waste, variation in measure &c. 25 



'* 672 the 
" regular allowance." 
" The Nightly depredations, which have lately been 
committed in & about the Parish were mentioned, & on 
the subject being taken into consideration, it was 
resolved : — that a Committee be formed, to solicit sub- 
scriptions in support of an efficient Watch, for the general 
Protection of the Leyton side of the Parish for the 
remainder of the Winter: — The following Gentlemen 
were named as a Committee, viz. — The Rev** Cha' Lapri- 
maudaye, J*" T. Daubuz Esq'®, W°* Masterman Esq", 
J°^ A. Doxat Esq", Rob* H. Innes Esq", J°^ Gore Esq", 
W" Hall Esq", J°^ Lane Esq", Sam> Edenborough Esq", 
with permission to add thereto, as occasion requires." 

" Tenders for provision for Workhouse accepted : — 

Meat. Chads & Stickings clear of bone 3/4 per Stone of 8 lbs. 

Ox Head leg & shin at 5/- per Set. 

Best Weather Mutton including Master's Table 4/- per 
Stone. 

Best Wheaten i/2f per Stone of 8 lbs. 

Best 9/8 per Bushell 

16/4 per Barrel! of 36 Gals. 

To fill the recptacle with adairs for 46 . 5 . o not 
exceeding 25 Chalds but any less quantity. 

" Robt Davis Esq produced a Tyburn Ticket* for the 
inspection of the Vestry as an exemption from serving 

* Under a statute of William III., prosecutors who had procured a capital 
conviction against a criminal were exempted from all parish and ward offices within 
the parish in which the felony was committed. Such persons obtained a Tyburn 
Ticket, which was duly enrolled, and might be sold. The Stamford Mercury (March 
27th, 1818) announces the sale of one of these tickets for ;f28o. The act wa^ 
repealed by 58 Geo. III., c. 70 



Bread. 
Flour. 
Beer. 
Coals. 



1828. 

Nov. ^rd. 

Nightly 

depredations. 



1828. 

June 2nd. 

Prices of 

Provisions. 



1829. 
May ^th, 
A Tyhum 

Ticket. 



4o6 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1831. 

Nov. iSth. 

Cholera, 



Census, 



Parish Offices : the Ticket was signed by the Rev. Chas. 
Laprimaudaye the Chairman to shew that it had regu- 
larly exhibited." 

" Took into consideration the recommendation of the 
Privy Council for prevention of the introduction and 
spreading of the alarming disease called Cholera 
Morbus. 

** Resolved, — ^That the following Gentlemen be re- 
quested to become a committee, viz — The Vicar, and 
Parish Officers." 

The inhabitants of Leyton according to the Census 
taken May 30th, 1831, were : — 

Leyton. Leytonstone. 



Families 



Houses 



Occupations 



Inhabited 

Building 

Uninhabited 

Agriculture 

Trade, Manufacture, 

Handicraft 

Otherwise 



Males 

Females . . . 
Males over 20 



Employing one or more 

Labourers 

Employing no Labourer... 

by Occupiers... 
in Manufactures 
in Retail Trade 

Persons maintaining themselves other- 
wise than by manufacture, trade or 
bodily labour 



Occupiers 
of Land 



Labourers employed 



385 
294 

29 

no 
i9f 
781 

9H 

413 

4 

2 

68 

2 

103 



41 



378 

279 

2 

20 

140 

116 
118 

747 
871 
382 

9 
I 

123 

4 
"3 



24 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 407 





Leyton. 


Leytonstone 


Persons employed in any kind of bodily 




labour, not agricultural 87 


36 


Tradesmen, Superannuated Labourers, 




and Males diseased or disabled in 




body or mind 32 


31 


ousehold Servants 


Males over 20 ... 74 * 


41 


taxable, 


„ under 20 ... 7 


8 


and Waiters. 


Females 121 


III 



saWn 



The following are entries from the Night Watchman's 
book : — 

1831. Dec: 3. Met one of M' Skelton's men, & 2 1831-1833. 
strangers with him about J past 12. ^^^ **^ 

Nighi 

13. Stopt M' Wigram's Odd man about 2. Watchman 

20. Met Jno: Moore's Wife nearly naked 
about 2 : Her Husband had quarrelled 
with her, and she had run into the 
street. 

1832 Jan: 29. Met Jno: Moore & Wife (The Woman 
going to Washing at M' Shaws) at 
2 o'clock. 

Feb: 13. Met M' Masterman's Footman (Godbe- 
hear) at J past Two o'clock. 

16. N.B. Furlong & Brockway found the 
Doors of the Wesleyan Chapel burst 
open, at about i past 12 o'clock. 

Mar: 14. At J past 2 o'clock found M' Watson, the 
Landlord of the King's Head, hanging 
out of his Window, Naked; He was 
calling out for Richard Brand & was 
taken down from the Window by 
Brockway and Bantrip to whom he 



4o8 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



1833. 
ApfU 2nd. 
The Cage to 
be removed. 



1834. 
April jth. 
Cholera, 



said that Some persons were in the 
House and were then Murdering his 

Grandmother. It appears that he 

Dream't so. 

Mar: 24. Brockway & Morphett found M' Pritchard 

the Deputy Inspector of the Bow St 

Horse Patrole, lying on the road, 

having fell from his Horse. They took 

him home about one o'clock. 

Dec: 14. Met M' Miles Horse & Cart with a fat 
Hog in it about 3 o'clock. 

1833 Jan: 20. Three men came to watch M" Bush's 
Daughters Grave to night. 

Feb: 14. Met Cook & his wife, 2 of the Vicars 
Servants, and Charles Carter, at 12 
o'clock going home. 

Resolved — That the Cage be removed from its present 
situation ; also, that, application be made to M^ Cutts, 
Steward of the Manor of Ruckholt's, for the Grant of a 
piece of land on Harrow Green, for the purpose of 
building a new cage thereon. 

a Will"* Davis Esq" reported ' at Vestry Meeting, 
July 2°^' 1833, that, he had, with M' Pardoe, & others 
applied to the Lord of the Manor of Ruckholts, at a 
Court, held at the Green Man at Leytonstone, on 
Thursday last, the 27^ ultimo ; & that, a Grant had been 
obtained, of a piece of land, at the Harrow Green, of 
Thirty Square Feet, for the purpose of building a Cage 
thereon." 

*' That I . 14 . o be paid to M' Squires of the Bell for 
expenses in attending & supplying with necessaries a 
man who was taken ill with the Cholera." 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



409 



For this Census the Parish was divided into Five 
Districts, which contained Houses and Inhabitants as 
follows : — 



No. I. 



No. 3. 



No. 



No. 5. 



Houses. 
Inhabited. Uninhabited. Building. 



Ley ton Street 
Phillibrook 

Frog Row 

No. 2. Knotts Green 
Knights Green 
Capworth Street ... 
Ley ton Street 
Coopers Lane 
Coopers Fields 
Capworth St. 
Church Lane 

Lea Road 

Knotts Green 
Paradise Row 
Forest 

Leyton in Leyton- ' 
stone including 
HoUoway Down 
Irish Lane, Pul- ^ 
len's Lane 
Dyer's Hall and 
Cottages. J 

Leyton in Le3^on- \ 
stone From the 
New Church on 
the West Side. 

Total 



108 

5 
10 

9 
3 

6 
80 
36 

3 
16 

19 

31 

6 

5 
2 



137 



130 



606 



I 
I 
I 

3 

I 

I 



3 — 



21 



10 



Persons. 

Male. Female. 

238 
II 

14 

5 
218 

lOI 

4 
46 

21 
60 
21 
12 
2 



314 



390* 



1487 
3258 



301 

M 
26 

33 

13 

16 

227 

93 
6 

91 

48 

67 

27 

22 

8 



374 



405 



1771 



1841. 
Census. 



* Includes Morell Mackenziei aged 2. 



410 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

1854. The following is a copy of a printed notice which was 

^wf : '^^ posted about the parish :— 
Fund. " PATRIOTIC FUND. 



** To the inhabitants of Ley ton and Leytonstone. 

*' Notice is Hereby Given, That at a Public Meeting of 
the Inhabitants of the County of Essex, held at Chelms- 
ford on the 17**^ day of November, 1854, It was resolved 
that subscriptions in aid of the Patriotic Fund, for the 
Relief, Education & Support of the widows, and Orphans 
of Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines, who have fallen or may 
fall in battle, or die in active service, during the present 
War, be now received, & that the Magistrates, the Paro- 
chial Clergy of the County, & the Ministers of all other 
Denominations, with the Churchwardens & Overseers of 
their respective Parishes, be requested to collect sub- 
scriptions. 

'' In pursuance of such resolution, an application will be 
forthwith made to the Inhabitants of these Parishes, at 
their residences, for Subscriptions in aid of such Fund, 
and when received they will be remitted to Thomas 
William Bramston, Esq., M.P., the Treasurer appointed 
at such Meeting to receive such Subscriptions. 
" John Pardoe, Vicar. 

Henry H.Evans {Perpetual Curate 

( Leytonstone. 
Frederick Bedwill (Churchwardens of 
Thomas Sidney ( Leyton. 

Heniy M. Harveyl Churchwarden of 
^ ^ \ Leytonstone. " 

The amount collected was 107 . 17.7. Acknow- 
ledged from Chelmsford Jan: 12, 1855, by S. M. Gepp. 
Leytonstone appears to have collected 106 .12.7. 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



411 



Dear Sir. 



''4, Bedford Row, London, 
" 7 Mar. 1859. 



*' Manor of Ruckholts. 
" Edenborough & others deceased. 
"A Court is appointed to be held at the Green Man 
Inn Leytonstone on the 22** inst. at J past 12 o'clock and 
unless we hear from you in the course of a day or two 
with instructions for admissions we shall be under the 
necessity of seizing the property into the hands of the 
lord. Please let us hear from you. 

*' Yours truly, 
Coverdale Lee Purvis & Collyor. 
" W. Frith Esq' " 

*' The above letter having been read, and the Vestry 
Clerk having stated that he had examined the Court 
Rolls and found that the Copyhold to which Mess" Hall, 
Edenborough Reay & Hanson were admitted consisted 
of a piece of ground surrounded by the Green called 
Harrow Green containing 30 ft. square upon which it was 
intended to erect a Cage : 

** It is unanimously resolved that no steps be taken to 
prevent the seizure of the property into the hands of the 
lord." 

This year the following Tradesman's Token was 
issued : — 

O. " lohn Vnwin at Layton Stone " (In four lines). 

R. " His Half Peny" — an archer shooting at a stag 
(octagonal). 

" Mr. Chew moved and Mr. Reynolds seconded that a 
memorial be presented to the Directors of the Great 
Eastern Railway, requesting that the name of their 
station on the Woodford and Loughton Railway might 



1859. 

Match ytk. 

The last of 

the Cage. 



1867. 

Tradesmen's 

Tokens. 



1867. 

Nov, 27th. 

Leyton to he 
no longer 
" Lowr 



412 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



be altered by substituting the word * Leyton ' for * Low 
Leyton/ which was carried unanimously." 

1873. The first Local Board for Leyton was elected on 
The first September 19th, 1873, being selected from the forty-nine 
Local Board Candidates who put up for election. 

Tyler, John 831 

Barclay, Joseph Gurney 698 

Aldom, Dr. J. R 584 

Hoar, Charles 553 

Payze, Richard 529 

Byas, William 481 

Hendrie, Robert James 481 

Simonds, John 477 

Lister, Arthur 474 

Barford, Thomas 468 

Sutherland, William 460 

Wickham, Thomas 445 

Skelton, Richard 444 

Wildsmith, Frederick 405 

Gallaher, James 405 



1885. 

March ^th. 
Waltham- 
stow Slip, 



The *' Walthamstow Slip,'' which intersected the 
Parish from east to west, was transferred to the Parish of 
Leyton by an Order in Council this day. See London 
Gazette^ 25450, March lOth, 1885. 



/^<S^C^LJ'^^v^ 




wm 



GLOSSARY. 



BoRDAR.— A cottager; from "bord," a cottage. Bordar^ were a 
little inferior to "villains," but still, vastly superior to the 
serfs, though subject, no doubt, to service more onerous and 
servile than villains. 

Breamer. — One who burns seaweed, filth, etc., from a ship's bottom. 

Brief. — Briefs were Pontifical letters issued from the Court of Rome, 
sealed with the seal of the Fisherman's ring; they were 
written in Roman characters, and subscribed by the Secretary 
of Briefs, usually a Bishop or Cardinal. After the Reformation, 
Briefs from the Pope were not permitted, but instead there were 
read, when occasion required, " letters patent from the Sovereign, 
authorising collections for various charitable purposes, such as 
the building and repairing of Churches, the relief of sufferers 
after public calamities, etc., etc." 

Carucate. — A word which has given rise to much discussion. Caruca 
means a team actually employed on the land. The quantity of 
land, therefore, actually cultivated by a team, including such part 
as in the course of husbandry would be lying fallow for the 
year, but exclusive of meadow or pasture held with it. In the 
time of Richard I. a carucate was sixty acres of twentv-six feet 
to the perch. It varied in different counties, probably from 
sixty to eighty acres. The hide was the measure of land in the 
Confessor's time, the carucate that to which it was reduced by 
the Conqueror's new standard. 

Chrisom-child. — A child which died within a month after its birth — 
so called from the chrisom-cloth, which was used as a shroud for 
it. It was a white vesture, which, in former times, the priest at 
baptism used to put upon the child, saying, << Take this vesture 
for a token of innocence." 

Demesne. — Norm, de fnayne, from Lat. dominiu^. That part of a 
Manor which the lord retained in his own hands for the use of 
the family. See Manor. 

Disafforest. — To reduce from the privileges of a forest to the state 
of common ground ; to strip of forest laws and privileges. 

Free Warren. — The right to preserve from others, and destroy for 
themselves the beasts and fowls of warren. 

Grange. — Properly the granum (granery) of a monastery, but 
was applied also to the dwelling house, and buildings, 
constituting the farm establishment on conventional estates. 
When it was established to a considerable and distant estate, 
the " Abbatical Grange " appears to have been equivalent to 
the Manor house of the lay gentry, which it probably equalled 
in comfort and importance. 



414 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

HiDE.—A hide of land was a Knight's fee. Probably it originally 
meant as much land as would maintain a family. Spelman 
thinks it 100 acres, but it varied in different places. In 
Essex the Inquisitors {i.e., for the compilation of Domesday Book) 
considered it 120 acres. 

Hundred. — A division or part of a county. Supposed to have been 
constituted by King Alfred. Here lived a hundred free men, 
responsible for the King's peace. 

Impark. — To inclose for a park. To sever from a common. 

Manor. — Manerium, from Manere, to stay, remain, dwell. Origin- 
ally so called from being the residence of the owner, surrounded 
by an estate, part of which called demesne, he retained in his 
own hands ; another part was divided among the tenants, and 
the remainder served as common pasture for himself and his 
tenants. 

Malignant. — After the Parliament (1644) had accepted the Covenant 
all the clergy were called upon to sign it. *' Such ministers as 
refused being reported to Parliament as malignants, and pro- 
ceeded against accordingly. No fewer than seven thousand clergy- 
men were upon this ground rejected from their livings." — Souihey. 

Pannage. — From Latin, panis^ bread. The food of swine in the 
woods, as beech nuts, acorns, etc. 

Setter. — One who sets on, incites. 

Serf. — Serfs were subject to the absolute dominion, very nearly to 
the absolute caprice of their master, their lives and limbs only 
being under the protection of the law. 

SoKMAN. — Or Socman, was an inferior landowner, who had land on 
the Soc or Franchise of a great Baron, on some fixed and deter- 
mined rent service. 

Tythingman. — The chief man of a ty thing ; one elected to preside 
over a tything. 

A tything — A number or company of ten householders, who, 
dwelling near each other, were sureties or free pledges to the 
King for the good behaviour of each other. (Anglo Saxon law). 

Villan. — Villain, Villeir. Either from Vilis or Villa, because they 
chiefly lived in villages, occupied small portions of land, but 
were not allowed by law to acquire any. They were burdened 
with stated services due from themselves to their lord. 




APPENDICES. 




No. I. — Cattle Marks. 

The duty of the ** Reeve " is to mark the 
cattle belonging to the parish, which are entitled 
to feed on the Forest wastes. The Forest parishes 
on each side of the river Roding have a distinctive 
mark, which consists of a letter of the alphabet 
surmounted by a crown. Leyton's mark is 

No. 2. — Note *, page 342. — " Eikon Basilike. 

The book Icon Basilike ; or, A Portraiture of His Sacred Majesty in 
His Solitude and Sufferings, was published shortly after the death of 
Charles I. It consists of meditations or soliloquies on the King's 
calamities, and was long thought to have been composed by the 
King himself. It is now pretty generally acknowledged to have been 
the work of Dr. Gauden, who, after the restoration, made known at 
Court that he was the author. He received first the bishopric of 
Exeter, and afterwards that of Worcester. His son Charles and 
granddaughter Elizabeth were both buried in Leyton Church. See 
pages 36, 37. 

No. 3. — Lammas Lands. 

At a very remote period a great quantit}^ of cultivated land in 
England was held by communities, and cultivated under arrange- 
ments which existed as early as the seventh century, and which are 
not yet extinct. 

•* The lands were divided into open fields, of which several — 
usually three — lay together, being only separated by a strip or balk 
of turf. Each field was divided into acre or half-acre strips ; every 
strip in the same field, was cultivated at the same time and in the 
same manner, and was fallow in the same year ; and on a certain day 
— usually Lammas day — the temporary fences of dead wood, which 
were placed round the cultivated open fields, were removed, often 
with shouting or other ceremony; and the cattle of the owners 
of the strips, and in some places ot the other inhabitants of the vill, 
were allowed to pasture upon the land in common, until the following 
seed time, or during the year of fallow." — W» R, Fisher. 

No. 4.—'' Hainault.'' 

** The name of ' Hainault * is a comparatively modern corruption 
of a word variously written in the 13th and 14th centuries as 
• Hineholt ' or ' Hyneholt ' ; in the i6th as ' Inholt ' or ' Henholt ' ; 
and later as * Henault ' or * Heynault.* * Hainault ' occurs in the 
records, I believe, for the first time in 1719-20. 

" The same name of * Hyneholt ' was borne by part of the 
King's wood at Colchester in the 14th century; the Anglo-Saxon 
' Holt,' a wood, evidently forms the last syllable ; of the first I can 
offer no satisfactory explanation." — W. R. Fisher, 



4l6 HISTORY OF LEYTON. 

No. 5. — Note *, page 14. — Oliver Cromwell. 

The descent of Oliver Cromwell, from Alderman Sir Thomas Mirfin and Alderman 
Ralph Warren. 

Sir Thomas Mirfin, Sheriff 151 1, Ld: Mayor 1518^ 

Frances, dau: & heir: = Sir Robert Williams (who assumed the 
I name of Cromwell), Kt. 

Sir Henry (Williams = Joan, dau: of Aid: Sir Ralph Warren, 
alias) Cromwell, Kt:, Kt:, Lord Mayor 1536-1543. | 

of Hinchinbrook. _ (Bought Manor of 

I ~ ' ' j "" Leyton from Lord 

Oliver. Had licence Robert Cromwell, Kt:, = Elizabeth, dau: of Wriothesley.^ His 
Dec: 4, 1600, to M.P. for Hunting- - - - « > , 

alienate Manor of don.* 



Lev ton to Edw: 
Ryder, or Ryther. 



Sir Richard son Richard dying 

Stuart. aged 11, it devolved 

to his daughter Joan). 



Oliver Cromwell, Lord = Elizabeth, dau: of Sir James 
Protector I Bourchier, Kt: 



Richard Cromwell, = Dorothy Major Henry Cromwell, = Elizabeth, dau: of 

Lord Protector Lord Deputy of Sir Francis 

Ireland. Russell, 

No. 6.— Note J, page 14.— Edward Ryder. 
The descent of General Lord Lake from Alderman Ryther or Ryder. 
Sir William Ryther j (Lord Mayor Lond: 1600). 



Mary = Sir Thos: Lake, Principal Susan = Sir Thomas Caesar, 

Sec: of State Kt:, Baron of the Exchequer. 



Sir Launce lot Lake = Frances Cheeke. 

Warwick Lake 2nd son = Elizabeth Gerard . 

Gerard Lake = Elizabeth Parker. 
(General in the army, com- 
manded in the Maharatta 
war ; created Viscount Lake, 
1807). ^ , 

Warwick Lake, 3rd son, and 3rd Viscount Lake ; 

died 1848, without surviving issue male, when 

title became extinct. 



• His daughter Elizabeth was the mother of John Hampden. 

t From StaflFordshire ; died in 1611, when he was in possession of the Manor of Lcyton, and left it to 
his two daughters. He sold the Manor House to Anthony Holmead m 1610. 



HISTORY OF LBYTON- 417 

No. 7. — Inscription on BelL (See page 24.) 

The accompanying illustration is a fac-simile of an inscription 
round a bell still in the tower of St, Mary's Parish Church, Leyton, 
and is the oldest thing about the Church. 

No. 8. — Names of Different Parts of Leyton. 

The following names of parts of the Parish I have observed 
mentioned at diflFerent dates : — 

Carpetune or Leyton Carmidue 1222. 

Mark House 1693. Standing in 1741. 

Mills Lane 1741. Now Quartermile Lane and Ruckholts Lane. 

The Mill River 1741. 

fflag Meadow. 

The Woodland. 

.How Hall 1741. In Mark House Lane, near the present St. 
Saviour's Church. 

Wallwood 1695. 

The Grove 1694. 

Wallwood Lane 1741. Now Grove Green Lane. 

Grove Green Lane / ^^^°^^^^ out of Wallwood Lane, 
The Blind Lane \ ^""J^^ ^^ ^alts Green, now Harrow 

Green Leave Lane 1741. Running from Leyton Street (oppo- 
site present Wesleyan Chapel) to Capworth Street. 

Blackmarshes 1697. 

The Ivy House 1701. Inhabited by Samuel Parker. Assessed 
at £75' 

Tyler's Ferry 1741. 

Caper Street 1663. Capper 1666. Capworth 1671. 

Low Layton Street 1663. 

Phillibrook. Fillebrook is quite a modem form, first used as 
far as I have been able to find in 1869. 

Forest Lane 1741. Now James Lane. 

Knotts Green 1741. 

Butterfield Lane 1741. Now Lea Bridge Road. 

Whipp's Cross 1741. 

cc 



4l8 HISTORY OP LETTON. 

Cooper's Lane 1841. Marked on a map i74i» but not named; 

was the boundary of the Grange Park House £state. 
Church Lane 1741. 

Boreham House i74i. In Forest Lane, 
Halewell Garden and Acres 2483. 
Halywell-down 1482. HoUoway Down 1741. 
"Cross House, otherwise Bushes, lying near the Parish 

Church lands, called Knotts and Brookland. Later 

Phillibrook Farm " 1806. 

No. 9. — Note ♦, page i. — River Lea Diverted. 

'' Before the end of the winter the Danish encampment there 
was in motion ; they had left their ships afloat, and now towed them 
up the Thames, and thence up the Lea. The winter was passed in 
erecting a fort, at a distance of four German miles north of London, 
in the neighbourhood of Hertford or Ware. With the summer of 
896 a considerable number of Saxons and others came out of the 
garrison in London and assailed the fortress, but they were repulsed 
by the Danes, and four royal Thanes were killed. About the time of 
harvest, Alfred, with a powerful array, encamped in the vicinity of 
London, in order that the people might carry their crops without 
molestation from the Danes. One day, when the king was riding by 
the side of the little river Lea, he discovered a place where the 
channel might be very easily disturbed, so that the stream could be 
diverted from its course, thus preventing the enemy from bringing 
out their vessels. He began by causing two forts to be constructed 
on both sides of the Lea. His soldiers had encamped near the spot, 
and were busily engaged in the work, when the Danes observed that 
the water was flowing off, and that it would be impossible for them 
to take away their ships. They therefore abandoned them ; they 
had before left their women in the charge of the East Angles, and 
then they hastened towards the north, and again marched through 
the country towards the Severn, and encamped near Bridgenorth in 
Shropshire. Whilst Alfred despatched his army in pursuit for some 
distance,the inhabitants of London took the forsaken ships into their 
possession. Such as were useless were all destroyed, but the service- 
able ones were taken to London." — Life of Alfred the Great, by Dr. 
Pauli. See also Anglo Saxon Chronicle, year 896, from which this is 
evidently taken. 




INDEX. 



PAGB 

Ablmer, George, inducted . . . . 364 

Allbn, Philip 39 

Alms Houses. — Memorandum of 

papers concerning 203 

Built and endowed by Mr. Smith 205 
Bad condition of in 1734 . . . . 207 
The whole repaired in 1738' .. 208 
Je£frev's legacy of /200 . . . . 209 
Gift from Mr. Lane of /300 . . 209 
Mrs. Daubuz gave /200 . . . . 210 

Mrs. Moyer gave /250 211 

Rebuilt x886 2Zi 

Miss Hibbert gave /500 . . . . 212 

The Misses Graham gave £500 . . 212 

All Saints', Leyton. Site o£fered 66 

Church consecrated 67 

Parish formed 67 

Curates in charge 68 

Parsonage 68 

Sunday School 69 

Ancient foot paths 388 

ArcheR; Henry . . 26, 248, 249, 254 
Avenues of trees planted . . . . 387 

Baddblby's House, Knott's Green 333 
Badges to be worn by inmates of 

Workhouse 232, 237 

Baignard, Ralph 5 

Ballard, James, inducted . . . . 364 

Baptisms 11 1 

Baptist Chapel 76 

Barclay's House 332 

Beachcroft, Sir Robert .. .. 25 

Beggars, harlx>u]:ing of 386 

Bell of Church sold 160 

•* Cracket, new cast '*. 374 

Ringing to be discontinued . . • • 387 

Saints' to be rung 388 

Bence, Alexander 37 

Bbqubsts 246 

Archer's gift . . ..... 248, 249, 254 

Ramston's gift . . . . . . 249, 254 

Sir Harry Hicks, /40 252 

Jones and Norden 252 

Innes, a piece of ground . . . . 252 

Ives, £100 253 

Briscoe, /loo 253 

Mrs. Daubuz, four silver plates . . 253 

Schedule of 254 

Tobn Smith, Almshouses . . . . 255 

Mrs. Jennery, Bibles 256 

Schedule of 238 

Holbrook's Charity 258 

Hughes' Farm 259 

House in Hccadilly . . . . . • 259 

Seyen Cottages . . . . . . . . 260 

Berthoh House 336 

BiDQ^Lt .WilHSun 40 



PAGE 

Blackbirds, The, not required . . 283 

Blaydbn, Thomas 77 

Bordar 413 

Boundary Posts 392 

BowYBR, William 341 

Bread Fund. Origin in 1704 • . 214 
First distribution of bread Dec. 

3rd. 1704 214 

" Smalgains " bought 215 

Eofranchised 215 

Leased for 21 years at £3 15$. . . 216 
The Bread account for 1790 . . 217 
„ „ ,. .. 1806 .. 218 

New Trustees accepted . . . . 219 
Desired to let " Smalgains " on 

building lease 219 

Recommended to build a Small- 
pox Hospital on it 220 

Can it be sold for buildiDg a 

Church? 220 

An acre given for a Board School 221 

Bread unmarked 398 

Breamer, a 4x3 

Bridge, Wooden, at HoUoway 

Down 378 

Brief, A 4x3 

Britt, Elizabeth 37 

Bryan, Lady 343 

Burials 1x9 

Cagb, The, to be built . . . . 390, 398 

To be removed 408 

The last of 411 

Capon, David. Curate to Mr. 
Strype, elected Master of 

National Schools 185 

Carucate, a 4x3 

Casual poor. Employment for . . 239 

Cattle Marks, Leyton 415 

Cedd's missionary labours in Essex 88 

Census, 1821 403 

,. 183X 406 

„ 1841 409 

Chapel, Wesleyan 73 

„ Congregational .. .. 75 
„ Primitive Methodist . . 75 

„ Baptist 76 

Cholera in 183X .. .. •• .. 406 

M 1834 408 

Chrisom-Child, a 413 

Christianity. Introduction into 

Essex 85 

Destroyed by Saxon invasion . . 86 

Re-introduced by Augustine . . 86 

More Missionaries sent for . . . . 87 

Church. The, repaired 1659 . . . . 368 

Church, The Parish.— Dedicated 

to the "Blessed Virgin Mary" 2X 



420 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



PAGB 

Church, The Paaisb^Ccntimued. 
Incense for her Holy Days to be 

provided by Abbot of Stratford aa 
Upper Chancel built in x6io . . 23 

Steeple built in 1638 23 

The Bells. Inscriptions on .. 23,4x7 
John Strype's description, 1720 . . 24 
Two Arches on the North Wall. . 33 

Repairs in 1651 41 

*' A newe Steple and a newe lUe '* 42 

Whitewashing, 1659 44 

A New Chancel, 1693 44 

Churchwardens' account for it . . 46 
Repairing the " Rufe," 1699 . . 49 

A New Gallery, 17x1 49 

Painting and beautifying in 1735 50 

Tiling &ul in 1749 50 

Not in immediate danger . . . . 51 
Proprietors of Chanoelto do their 

part 53 

Enlarged, i8xx 53 

Enlargement in 1822 37 

South Aisle to be free 63 

Needs cleaning 64 

Western door and Baptistery • . 64 

Organ remodelled 65 

Communion Plate 65 

Repaired in 1639 368 

Repairing Windows by the year 378 

Crowded 39X 

Churchwardbns, 1649-1893 .. .. 93 

Their Accounts 137 

Expenses at Visitation too much 136 

Reforming them 380 

Take good ropes awav 381 

Spend too much at the boundary 

dinner 381 

Expenses too much 390 

Church. William 40 

Churchyard 77 

Enlarged 79 

Site of Workhouse added to . . 80 

Enlarged on East side 8x 

And on North side 82 

Enclosed with a wall 83 

Collections 163 

For re-building St. Paul's . . . . x66 
For propagation of Gospel in 

Foreign parts, X7X4 .167 

List of. 1670-1709 168 

List of. 1881-8 170 

Common Land 299 

Amounts paid for enclosing . . 303 
Communion Cup, 1633 . . . . 367, 373 
Congregational Chapel .. .. 73 
C0RBUT16 or Corbudon; Robert, 

son of 4 

Cotton, Sir Henry . . , r . . . . 346 

Crib, The 397 

Cromwell, Oliver 14. 4x6 

Daubuz, Mrs. gave four silver plates 253 



PAGE 

Da VIES, William 39 

Demesne 413 

Depredations, Nightly 405 

Disafforest 413 

Dispensary established 237 

Distress. Great, in 1789 393 

District Parishes formed oat of 

St. Manr*s. Leyton 65 

Domesday Book. Estates in Ley* 

ton described in 4 

Dragoons, Cart for His Majesty's 398 
Duty of Man, The Whole, to be 

read in theWorkhouae .. .. 236 

Edmunds, Rev. C. Vicar of All 

Saints 68 

EiKON Basilike 342,4x3 

Elementary Education in 1892 . . X96 
Etloe House 335 

Fairlop Oak and Fair 383 

Farms rated in X789 273 

Fasting, Liberty (torn . . . . 364, 363 

Fines for cutting wood 374 

Fire Engine necessary 389 

House to be built 390 

Worked in presence of the 

gentlemen 394 

Forest House 3^ 

Free Warren 4H 

Frog Row • 394 

Caspar, Lucy, Daughter of .. •• 38 
Gauden. Charles .. ••• .. •• 36 

GoDDARD, Frances 40 

GoDSALVBs, House of the . . • • 340 

GooDFBLLOw, Charles 40 

Great House. The 3^ 

Grange, Meaning of 4x4 

Grange, The ji6 

Grove House 338 

Hainault, Meaning of 413 

Handcuffs for constables- .* .. 390 

Harold, Earl .. .. 348 

Harris, Frances* «• 40 

Harris, James Strype 40 

Harrow Green was " Sauls Green" 

and ** Sails Green " 133 

Harvey, Robert 39 

Hawes, Thomas • .. 39 

Hayward of the Manor.. .. .. 389 

HiBBERT House * ..- 321 

Room built •-• 193 

HiCKES, Elizabeth 77 

HiCKEs,Sir Michael, bought Ruckholt 19 
And his Lady, their •* Effigies '* . . 28 
The family monument . . . « 29 

Noticeof 34S 

HiCKis, Sir William 29 

HicKBS, Dame Elizabeth .. •• 40 
HicKS, Sir Harry gave £40 • . « • 232 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



421 



PAGB 

HiDB. A, of land 4x4 

High Street Cottages-- 

Land granted to John WiUett . . 306 

Let to Henry Jaclcson 306 

Let to Thomas Ballard . . . . 307 
Placed at disposal of Vicar and 

ChuFchwaraens . . 308 

Declined 308 

Poor Law Guardians adlowed to 

let 310 

What is best way of dealing with 

the property f 312 

Committee's report 312 

Enfranchised 313 

Holbrookes Charity 258 

Holly Cottages 339 

Holy Trinity, Harrow Green, 

Cgnsecrated 70 

Style 70 

Rapid growth of population . . 71 

Hopkins, Richard 34 

Hopkins, Thomas 39 

HousBs, Old private 314 

Three Manor houses 314 

The Grange . . . . 316 

Ruckholt 318 

Mark 320 

Hibbert's .. 321 

The Vicarage 321 

The Great House 326 

The Forest House 329 

Walnut Tree 330 

Leyton 331 

Lea Hall 332 

Barclay's 332 

Baddeley*s 333 

Masterman's 334 

Su£folk House 334 

Etloe 335 

Copeland's 335 

PhUlibrqok .. 336 

Berthon 336 

The Leasowes 336 

St. Helier 337 

The White ' ..' .. 337 

The Poplars 337 

Grpye If ouse 338 

Moyer .. 338 

HqUy Cott^es 339 

Whips Cross 339 

Sunny Side 340 

Godsalves 340 

Hugh de Montefort 6 

HuNDRBD,. A, Meaning of • . . • 4x4 

HuTTON, John, lived m a tree . . 137 

Impaitk. To 414 

Irish Question, The 398 

Jbbb, Dr., claims land on which the 

Worl^bouse is built 233 



PAGB 

Jbffbry, Mr., left /200 to the 
Almshouse 209 

Kbmb, Samuel 351 

King, The, Declaring for . . . . 369 
Kingston, Lady Mary 24 

Lakb, Sir Thomas 355 

Lammas Lands 415 

Landmarks removed 383 

Lanb, Thos., gave £300 for the 
benefit of the almswomen . . 209 

Lba Hall 332 

Lbasowes, The 336 

Lbyton — 
Saxon and other names . . . . z 
Why called Low Leyton . . . . 2 

Extent of 2 

A Roman Station 2 

Roman remains found 2 

Landholders in Saxon times . . 3 
„ Norman ,, . . 4 
Church mentioned, II 82 .. .. 9 
Manor given to Convent of Strat- 
ford 9 

Dispu te about tithes in 1222 . . 10 
Leyton Wood imparked in 

1233 IX 

A wood disafforested in 1253 .. 11 
Contributed towards an expedition 

to Holy Land Z2 

Manor and rectory granted to 

Lord Wriothesley 14 

Manor purchased by Swanley, 

Ozler, and Abbot 15 

Tithes appropriated and Vicarage 

endowed 16 

Church dedicated to ** Blessed 

Virgin Mary " 21 

No longer *• Low " 411 

Names of parts of 417 

Leyton House 331 

Leytonians, Malevolent . . . . 395 

Lbytonians, Noted 341 

William Boyer 341 

Lady Bryan 343 

Sir Henry Cotton 346 

Earl Harold 348 

Sir Michael Hickes 348 

Samuel Keme 351 

Sir Thomas Lake 355 

Edward Rowe Mores 356 

Sir Thomas Rowe 357 

Sir John Strange 358 

John Strype 360 

Sir Thomas White 360 

Cardinal Wiseman 361 

Lecturer chosen 384 

Lbyton School Board . . • • 197 201 

Local Board. The first 412 

LoYD, John •• 36 



422 



HISTORY OP LEYTON. 



PAGB 

Malignant, A 414 

Manor Houses, Three 314 

Manor. Meaning of 414 

Marescob, Charles 38 

Ma RKBY, Joseph 78 

Marks. Manor of 17 

M Manor House of 320 

Marriages 107 

Marsh, Leyton 372 

Masterman's House 334 

Mbllitus, Bishop of London .. 88 

MiLiTARy matters 285 

Payment of militiamen . . . . 286 
Subscriptions to provide substi- 
tutes 289 

Volunteer corps formed . . . . 289 
The declaration and engagement 291 
Oflfer to the Government . . . . 292 

Payment and uniform 293 

Mors, Henry 77 

Mores, Edward Rowe 356 

Mover, Catherine 27 

MoYBR, Lawrence 27, 32 

Mover, Frances 27 

National Schools 172 

Minute book presented by Mr. 

Strype 173 

Mr. Ozler's Will 173 

Rules for regulation and govern- 
ment of 175 

Names of first scholars admitted 182 

Reasons of dismission 183 

The first Master 183 

The first examination 183 

Notorious lying 184 

David Capon, Mr. Strype*s 

Curate, Master 185 

No meeting of Trustees for twenty 

years 185 

New School-house wanted . . . . x86 
Scho3l-house burnt down . . . . 188 

Rebuilt 189 

Master will not sit with boys at 

Church 189 

Young ladies instead of boys . . 190 
The Master arrested for debt . . 190 
A Sunday School commenced . . 191 
School-house to be rebuilt . . . • 192 

Girls to be admitted 193 

New rules and regulations . . . . 193 

Hibbert Room added 195 

Navy, His Majesty's, Leyton's 

quota to 286,288 

Expense attending 287 

Nonconformist Chapels .. .. 73 

Norwich. Earl of 3^1 35 

Nurse Children 126,129 

O'Bryah, William 78 

Overseers, Refractory 375 

Owsley, Newdigate »• 32 



page 

Palatines, Poor 381 

Pannage. Meaning of 4x4 

Parish Registers 105 

A break of three years 1x4 

One lost 1x9 

Parvisr, Henry, bought Ruckholt, X9 

Died X593 26 

Widow married Sir Michael 

Hickes 19 

Patriotic fund 410 

Patrolbs in parish 399 

Rules for regulations of . . . . 401 

Perambulation dinner 377 

„ of the parish .. 388 

Pbter de Valotnes 5 

Philli BROOK House 336 

Plague in Leyton, The . . . . i39t 372 

Poplars, The 337 

pRBACHBR. A field 39X 

Presbyterian activity in Essex . . 365 
pRicBs a hundred years ago . . . . 392 

„ high in 1800 396 

„ of provisions 405 

Priest resident in Leyton at time 

of Norman survey 90 

Primitive Methodist Chapel . . 75 

Privateer, search for a 389 

Public Houses 279 

Vestry meetings held at . . . . 280 
Mischief from shuffle board and 

skittles 28X 

Too many in the parish . . . • 281 

Number of, in 1766 283 

Blackbirds not required . . . . 283 
Plough and Harrow certificate not 

signed 284 

Purchase, Abraham 78 

Rains, heavy, in X 663 .. ..37it38o 
Rampston, Robert .. .. 25,249,254 

Ratepayers in x8x2 274 

R ATEs, Church 263 

By order of the Lord Protector . . 264 

Poor 266 

Robbery 266 

How to compel defaulters to 

pay 268 

Comments on assessments in 

X783 269 

For a new Shire Hall t 273 

51. 6tf. in the £ 273 

Year after Waterloo 275 

Ten years' Poors* Rates . . . . 275 

Redicb, Andrew 26 

Reeve 398 

Registers, Parish 105 

RiTi^ER or Rider, Sir William .. 33 
Roman remains found at Lejrton . . 2 

RowE, Sir Thomas 357 

Ruckholt, Manor of x8 

Bought by Sir Michael Hickes • • 19 
Manor House of 318 



HISTORY OF LEYTON. 



423 



PAGE 

Saxon landholders in Leyton . . 3 

Invasion 86 

Saul's Green, now Harrow Green 135 

School Board 197, 201 

Schools, National 172 

Serf, A 414 

Sermon, An old Ley ton 376 

Setter, A 377» 4^4 

Sexton, A thievish 399 

SiGBBERT, The good 88 

Smalgains bought 215 

Enfranchised 215 

Desired for a small-pox hospital 220 

Desired for a church 220 

Part given for a Board School . . 221 
Smith, John, gave Almshouse . . 255 

Socman, A 414 

Soldiers and seamen relieved with 

passes 141 

Spurrier, Hector 395 

St. Andrew's, consecrated .. .. 72 
St. Catherine's, consecrated . . 73 
St. Paul's, collection for re- 
building 166 

Stocks to be removed 390 

Strange, Sir John 358 

Stratford Abbey founded . . . . 7 
Charter of WilUam de Montfichet 8 

Surrender of, in 1538 13 

Annual Income at dissolution . . 13 
Strvpe, John, his wife and daughter 32 

Notice of 360 

SuENE of Essex 3 

Suffolk House 334 

Sunny Side 340 

Surplice, Preaching in 376 

SwEiN Suart se$ ** Snene of Essex" 3 

Temple Mills 19 

Tench, Ann 35 

Tench, Nathaniel . , 35 

ToMSON, John 40 

Tradesmen's tokens 411 

Tyburn, A, ticket 405 

Tythingman, a 4x4 

Union of parishes 234 

Vagrants to be taken up by the 
beadle 382 



page 

Vicarage House, The 321 

Vicar, /ioo a year allowed to the 367 

Vicars of Ley ton 85. 94 

Village pump 399 

ViLLAN, A 414 

Volunteer Corps formed . . . . 289 

The declaration and engagement 291 

Number 292 

0£fer to the Government . . . . 292 

Payment and Uniform 293 

Sixty unless stand of arms. . . . 293 

The first year's account . . . . 294 

Coq>s released 293 

Testimonials 297 

Walnut Tree House 330 

Walthamstow Slip 412 

Watch-house 373 

Watchman, What the night, saw.. 407 

Wesleyan Chapel 73 

Whipping Post 389 

Whips Cross House 339 

White House, The 337 

White, Sir Thomas 360 

Wiseman, Cardinal 361 

Withipol, Sir Edmund 17 

Wood, Elizabeth 27, 39 

Wood, John 36» 39 

Woolen, Not buried in 373 

Workhouse, A, wanted 224 

Money borrowed 224 

Furniture, for 225 

Regulations 225 

Rules for inmates 226 

Master elected 228 

Bill for building 229 

Encouragement to inmates. . . . 231 

Committee to govern 231 

Badges and tickets for inmates 

going out to work 232 

Luid claimed by Dr. Tebb . . . . 233 
Prayers, and ** The Whole Duty of 

Man " to be read 236 

Sold for ^275 239 

To be valued 240 

Inmates removed 240 

Valuation of. and cottages . . . . 241 

Resolved not to sell 243 

Materials sold loi £1*^ • . • . 245 
Beer for the 404 



Pbxlp Brothxss, Printers and Pnbliahen, High Road, Leyton ; and at Walthamstow. 



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